Ansoft12在工程电磁场中的应用

本书全面系统地介绍AnsoftMaxwell的使用。本书分为三篇：第1篇为Ansoft的二维求解过程，介绍Ansoft12的二维各求解器模块的基本知识和建模流程，在每个求解器模块的介绍中都按照功能和计算对象不同分成章节，并给出贴近工程实际的案例。第2篇介绍AnsoftMaxwell12三维求解器的使用，同样在该部分中结合实际工程，给出各个三维求解器下的学习例程。上述两部分涉及到静磁场、静电场、交直流传导电场、瞬态电场、涡流场、瞬态磁场等基本电磁求解模块。第3篇针对RMxprt旋转电机分析专家系统，给出三相感应电机例程，从磁路的角度介绍电机专家系统的应用。本书一改软件参考书的编写方式，所有模型均来自于实际工程，从模型建立、激励源施加、边界条件给定到后期的场图提取均围绕着实际工程模型。读者不但能够迅速掌握AnsoftMaxwell操作方法，而且能对具体的工程问题进行独立的分析。此外，本书赠送模型和结果文件光盘，以最大限度地提高读者的学习效率。本书可作为理工科院校相关专业的高年级本科生、研究生学习AnsoftMaxwell的教材，也可作为广大工程技术人员和科研工作者使用Ansoft的参考书。前言AnsoftMaxwell作为世界著名的商用低频电磁场有限元软件之一，在各个工程电磁领域都得到了广泛的应用。它基于麦克斯韦微分方程，采用有限元离散形式，将工程中的电磁场计算转变为庞大的矩阵求解，在保证其计算的准确性和快捷性的前提下，新版软件在操作界面上做了极大的调整，更加符合Windows操作习惯，其中工程树和右键菜单都给使用者耳目一新的感觉。除了界面上的创新，新版Ansoft还具有分布式计算和并行计算的优点，以从容面对日益增大的仿真模型，此外还添加了瞬态电磁计算等新功能。Ansoft不仅可以对单个电磁机构进行数值计算，还可以对整个系统进行联合仿真。作为我国引入较早的一款电磁场有限元软件，其使用领域遍及电器、机械、石油化工、汽车、冶金、水利水电、航空航天、船舶、电子、核工业、兵器等众多行业，为各领域的科学研究和工程应用做出了巨大的贡献。本书全面系统地介绍AnsoftMaxwell12的基本使用方法。本书共分为三篇：第1篇介绍二维有限元基本原理，接着按照功能模块分类的形式以及各个模块的应用范围配备实际的工程模型，尽量做到将复杂的软件应用与工程实例相结合。其中包括二维模型建立、静磁场、涡流场、瞬态磁场、静电场和交直流传到电场等内容。第2篇介绍三维电磁场的应用，同样结合三维实际工程模型，将难以理解的三维电磁理论通过StepbyStep的方式进行描述，本书的例程都来自工程和科研的实践，一改实例简单且与实际工程脱节的现状。第3篇介绍RMxprt旋转电机分析专家模块，该模块能分析较多的电机种类，通过对实际应用中的一台三相异步电机的分析，介绍RMxprt模块的应用。希望通过本书的学习，读者不仅可以初步掌握AnsoftMaxwell12，而且可以针对不同的实际问题迅速准确地建立其数值计算模型。读者对象本书可作为理工科院校相关专业的高年级本科生、研究生学习AnsoftMaxwell12版软件的教材，也可作为广大工程技术人员和科研工作者掌握AnsoftMaxwell的参考书。本书特色z本书的基础和实例详解并重，既是AnsoftMaxwell12初学者的学习教材，也可作为对AnsoftMaxwell12有一定了解的用户制定工程问题分析方案、精通高级前后处理与求解技术的参考书。z注重理论和实际相结合，书中的例子均是来自实际应用。有限元软件的应用难点是如何将实际工程分解成各个对应的Ansoft分析模块，通过分析各个功能模块中的模型，将复杂的实际工程模型转变为简单的问题。z有限元软件的使用有一定的技巧，而使用技巧的积累需要经验积累，笔者将许多应用技巧融汇于工程实例中，通过潜移默化的方式使读者在学习过程中更规范、更准确地应用Ansoft来实现分析。z在本书例子的选取方面，尽量采用实际生产领域中的模型，以往的软件学习书籍多采用自带模型，这类模型虽能描述主要功能，但多与实际工程脱节。本书一改这种写作风格，将高深的学术理论弱化，突出Ansoft在实际中的应用过程，侧重于利用Ansoft协助分析和解决问题。z本书中所有的例子都可以按照书中给出的步骤实现，本书的模型和结果文件也随书光盘一起赠送，以最大限度地提高读者的学习效率。分工与致谢本书由哈尔滨工业大学的赵博和张洪亮共同编写，具体分工如下：赵博负责本书的框架构思及第1、3、6～8和10～12章的编写和统稿工作，张洪亮编写本书的第2、4、5、9章，最后还需要感谢西莫电机论坛中的各位朋友，书中的一部分例子出自论坛。在本书的编写过程中，还要感谢中国水利水电出版社老师的辛苦努力，正是他们辛苦的付出，才使本书能在第一时间和读者见面。由于时间仓促，作者水平有限，书中错误、纰漏之处在所难免，敬请广大读者批评指正。目录前言第1篇Ansoft二维分析技术第1章Maxwell2D快速上手·································21.1初识Maxwell2D的界面环境························21.2Maxwell2D的模型绘制·······························41.2.1曲线模型的绘制····································51.2.2曲面模型的绘制····································91.3Maxwell2D的材料管理·····························111.3.1常用硅钢片材料的添加······················121.3.2永磁材料的添加··································161.4Maxwell2D的边界条件和激励源··············181.4.1Maxwell2D的边界条件······················181.4.2Maxwell2D的激励源设置··················241.5Maxwell2D的网格剖分和求解设置··········311.5.1Maxwell2D的网格剖分设置··············311.5.2Maxwell2D的求解设置······················351.6Maxwell2D的后处理操作流程··················401.6.1求解场图的查看··································401.6.2路径上场量的查看······························431.6.3场计算器的应用··································441.7本章小结·····················································46第2章二维电磁场理论和有限元基础················472.1二维电磁场基本理论·································472.1.1麦克斯韦方程·····································472.1.2位函数及其微分方程··························482.1.3电磁场中的边界条件··························502.2二维有限元计算方法·································512.2.1二维有限元法·····································512.2.2电磁场求解后处理······························552.3Maxwell2D静磁场分析·····························562.3.1静磁分析理论·····································562.3.2磁链与电感矩阵的计算······················572.3.3静磁力和力矩的计算··························592.4Maxwell2D涡流场分析·····························592.4.1涡流分析理论·····································592.4.2涡流与集肤效应·································602.4.3涡流分析中的阻抗矩阵······················612.4.4涡流分析中的力和力矩······················632.5Maxwell2D瞬态磁分析·····························642.5.1瞬态磁分析理论·································642.5.2铰链导体·············································642.5.3实体导体·············································652.6认识Ansoft电磁场求解器··························652.7本章小结····················································67第3章Ansoft二维电场分析································683.1二维静电场（Electrostatic）应用··············683.1.1工程模型描述·····································683.1.2电缆接口模型的前处理······················693.1.3电缆接头模型的计算和后处理··········763.2交流传导电场（ACConduction）应用·····793.2.1电缆接头模型前处理··························793.2.2电缆接头模型后处理··························813.3直流传导电场（DCConduction）应用·····833.3.1电缆接头模型前处理··························843.3.2电缆接头模型后处理··························873.4本章小结····················································90第4章二维稳态磁场的求解·······························914.1永磁同步电机静磁场分析实例··················914.1.1问题描述·············································914.1.2创建项目·············································914.1.3构建几何模型·····································954.1.4材料定义及分配································1044.1.5激励源与边界条件定义及加载·········1094.1.6求解选项参数设定····························1114.1.7后处理················································1134.1.8保存结果退出····································1184.2感应电机涡流场分析实例············