节水灌溉外文资料

ProcediaEngineering15(2011)4362–43661877-7058©2011PublishedbyElsevierLtd.doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.08.819Availableonlineat(2011)000–000ProcediaEngineering*KeyLaboratoryofJiangxiPrivinceforHydrology-WaterResourcesandWaterEnvironment,NanchangInstituteofTechnology,Nanchang330099,ChinaAbstractUsingfuzzysystemandneuralnetworkoptimizetheparametersofneuralnetwork,solvingtheoptimalchoicemodelbygeneticalgorithmcansolvetheproblemofsuitabletechniquechoiceforwater-savingirrigation.Thecomputeresultsoftheprogramcanevaluatethegradethatthewater-savingirrigationtechniquesuittotheDagangqiaoirrigationdistrictinWannianCounty.Thismethodcanfurthestavoidtheman-madeinterferenceofweightingmatrixvalueinfuzzyintegratedevaluationandachieveagoodresult.Atlast,themostoptimalsuitablewater-savingtechniqueoftheDagangqiaoirrigationdistrictispipelineirrigation.Thedecision-makingprogramalsoofferedanewwaytohowtochoicetheoptimalwater-savingtechnique.©2011PublishedbyElsevierLtd.Selectionand/orpeer-reviewunderresponsibilityof[CEIS2011]Keywords:fuzzyneuralnetwork;geneticalgorithm;water-savingirrigation;optimalchoice;1.IntroductionChinaisawaterseriousscarcitycountry.ThetotalwaterresourcesinChinais2.8trillionm3,rankinginthesixthoftheworld.ButthewaterresourcesoccupancypercapitalinChinaisonly2317m3,onlyaquarteroftheworld[1].Thewaterresourcesoccupancyoffarmlandis28500m3/hm2,itaboutfour-fifthsofworldaverage.Agricultureisthemostwaterconsumer,about64.6%ofthetotalwateruse.Butwaterwasteisveryseriousandwateruseefficiencyisverylow.Thewateruseefficiencyofirrigationislessthan0.5[2].Expertspredictthatby2030China'stotalwaterconsumptionwillreach0.8trillionm3,theproportionofagriculturalwaterusewillfromthe64.6%downto52%.Althoughthedemandisverybig,*Correspondingauthor.Tel.:[phone];fax:[phone].E-mailaddress:[e-mail].4363HuangBinbinetal./ProcediaEngineering15(2011)4362–43662HuangBinbinetal/ProcediaEngineering00(2011)000–000thewateruseforirrigationwillreducenotincrease[3,4].So,water-savingirrigationnotonlytherequirementofsocialeconomicandsustainabledevelopment,butalsodeterminedbywaterscarcityandimbalanceinwaterandsoilresources.Water-savingirrigationcanguaranteethecountrywatersecurity,foodsecurity,ecologicalenvironmentsecurityandforcethesustainabledevelopmentofagricultureandruraleconomy.Thewater-savingirrigationisveryimportantinChina.Watersavingalwayscallsefficientwateruse.Irrigationisameasuretosupplythescarcityofnaturalprecipitationthatcanpromotehigheryield[5].Water-savingirrigationisageneraltermofvariousmeasuresthatcangetthebestagriculturebenefit,socialbenefitandentironmentbenefitthroughwaterdemand,localwatersupplyconditions,consideringotherfactorsandeffectivelyusenaturalprecipitationandlimitedwaterresources.Choosingthebestsuitablewater-savingirrigationtechniquealwaysinfluencebyvariousfactors.Atpresent,manycountriesdidacertainamountofresearchonwater-savingirrigationmethods,alsodidadeepresearchofthesuitabletechniqueforwater-savingirrigation[6~9].Butthestudyofhowtochoosethesuitablewater-savingtechniqueforacertainareaisnotsomany,sodoaresearchonhowtochoosethesuitablewater-savingirrigationmethodisreallyveryimportant.Thepaperusefuzzyandneuralnetworktheoryonhowtochoosethewater-savingsuitabletechniqueinWanniancountyDagangqiaoirrigationdistrict.Themethodnotonlyhandlesthedefectsofthetraditionalwater-savingirrigationchoosetechniqueefficient,solvetheprecisionprobleminthefuzzysystem,butalsocanusetheknowledgeexperiencethatalreadygetandhavealowrequirementonneuralnetworksystem.Thepurposeofthepaperisestablishedthesuitablewater-savingirrigationchoosemodelbasedonfuzzyandneuralnetworksystem.Themethodnotonlygivesanewwaytochoosethesuitabletechniqueforthewater-savingirrigation,butalsoprovidesadecision-makingtoolforwaterresourcesandagriculturedevelopmentinwetzone.2.Thechooseofsuitablewater-savingirrigationtechniquemodelbasedonneuralnetwork2.1.water-savingirrigationtechniques(1)PipeirrigationPipeirrigationfeedthewaterdirecttothefarmlandthroughthelow-pressurepipesinsteadoftraditionalchannels.Thetechniquecanreducetheleakageandevaporationlosinginthetransportation.(2)SprinklerirrigationSprinklerirrigationtechniqueistransportthewaterwithpressuretothefarmlandthroughthepipe.Thenwatercanejecttotheairbecometofineblobbynozzle,theblobscatteronthefarmlandevenly.(3)DripirrigationThroughtheburetteinthetrunks,branchesandcapillarytube,watercanregulardroptothesoilonthelowpressureveryslowly.Dripirrigationsystemdirectlytransportswater,fertilizerandotherchemicaltothesoil.Thesystemhasnonozzlesandchannels.Waterdroppingtothesoilveryslowlyandinleakagetothesoilonthegravityandcapillaryforce.(4)InfiltratingirrigationInfiltratingirrigationpromoteslaterthenthesprinklerirrigationanddropirrigation.It’saformofunder