2018-2019学年高中英语 Module 5 The Conquest of the Unive

1EvaluationWarning:ThedocumentwascreatedwithSpire.Docfor.NET.课下能力提升(二十)Ⅰ.阅读理解Boredwithyourlife?Dreamingofsomethingdifferent?Ialwayswonderwhatlifewouldbelike400kmabovemyhead.That'swheretheInternationalSpaceStationorbitstheearth,withsixastronautslivingandworkingonboard,formonthsatatime.Howdotheysleep?Theyspendthenightfloatinginasleepingbaginsideasmallcubicle(小隔间)ontheceiling.AmericanastronautSunitaWilliamsexplains,“It'slikealittlephonebooth,butit'sprettycomfortableanditdoesn'tmatterifIturnoverandsleepupsidedown.Idon'thaveanysensation(感觉)inmyheadthattellsmeI'mupsidedown.”Brushingyourteethinaplacewhereyoucan'thaveataporasinkcanbeachallenge.Canyouimaginethemessthatrunningwaterwouldmakeinzerogravity?CanadianastronautChrisHadfieldusesastrawtoputabigblob(一滴)ofwaterfromasealedbagontoanordinarytoothbrushandaddsalittletoothpastewhichhehastoswallowwhenhe'sdone.Dailyexerciseisessential.Thelackofgravitymakesbonesmorefragileandmuscleslosestrength—soastronautsareencouragedtoworkoutforatleasttwohoursaday.TheroleofastronautsintheInternationalSpaceStationistoactaslabtechniciansforscientistsbackonearth.SotheyspendtheirtimemaintainingtheirenvironmentandperformingandmonitoringexperimentsinaconfinedspaceaboutthesizeofaBoeing747.Almosteverytaskiscarefullyplannedbymissioncontrol—althoughmostastronautsspendtheirfirstdayslosingthingsuntiltheygetusedtostickingeverythingtheyusetothewallswithVelcro,ducttape(强力胶带)orclips(夹子)．Oneoftheirmostvaluedperks(额外待遇)istheviewfrom“theoffice”，dominatedbythatgiganticblueballdownthere,sittinginthedarknessofspace.Wow!Absolutelybreathtaking!语篇解读：本文主要讲述了太空中宇航员的生活和工作情况。1．Whentheysleepupsidedown,theastronautswillnotgetdizzybecause________.A．theydon'tfeelitB．theysleepinthedaytimeC．theysleepinspecialsleepingbagsD．theyaretrainedtoadapttotheconditionsofweightlessness解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段的“AmericanastronautSunitaWilliamsexplains,‘It'slikealittlephonebooth,butit'sprettycomfortableanditdoesn'tmatterifIturnoverandsleepupsidedown.Idon'thaveanysensation(感觉)inmyheadthattellsmeI'mupsidedown.’”可知，宇航员倒着睡不会晕是因为大脑并没有感知到这种颠倒的行为，故选A。2．Whymayastronautslosethings?A．Becausetheyalwaysforgetwheretheyputtheirthings.B．Becauseinzerogravity,everythingthatisnotstuckdownfloats.C．Becausetheyaresobusythattheydon'thaveenoughtimetoputtheirthingsaway.D．Becauseinaspacestation,therearen'tenoughplacesforastronautstostoretheirthings.2解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段的第二句“Theyspendthenightfloatinginasleepingbaginsideasmallcubicle(小隔间)ontheceiling”和第三段的第二句“Canyouimaginethemessthatrunningwaterwouldmakeinzerogravity”以及第五段的最后一句“Almosteverytaskiscarefullyplannedbymissioncontrol—althoughmostastronautsspendtheirfirstdayslosingthingsuntiltheygetusedtostickingeverythingtheyusetothewallswithVelcro,ducttape(强力胶带)orclips(夹子)”可知，在失重状态下没有被固定的东西会飘浮起来以至于会丢失，故选B。3．Whatpartsbecomeweakifastronautsdon'texercise?A．Theirteethandbones.B．Theirbrainsandbones.C．Theirteethandmuscles.D．Theirbonesandmuscles.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“Thelackofgravitymakesbonesmorefragileandmuscleslosestrength”可知，宇航员不锻炼的话，他们的肌肉和骨头会变得虚弱。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheProblemsWeMetinSpaceB．HowtoBecomeanAstronautC．LivingandWorkinginSpaceD．TheInternationalSpaceStation解析：选C标题归纳题。根据第一段和全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲的是太空中宇航员的生活和工作情况，故选C。Ⅱ.阅读七选五6TipsforHealthy,WhiteTeeth·Goonawhite­teethdiet.Ifyou'requaffing(畅饮)redwineandblacktea,orsmokingcigarettes,expecttheresultstoshowupasnot­so­pearlywhites.·Throwawayyourtoothbrushorelectrictoothbrushheadeverytwotothreemonths.__1__AccordingtodentistHaroldKatz,thebestwaytobrushisbyplacingyourtoothbrushata45­degreeangleagainstyourgums(牙龈)andgentlymovingitinacircularmotion.Gripthetoothbrushlikeapencilsoyouwon'tscrub(刷洗)toohard.·Useatonguescraper(刮刀)everymorningtoremovetongueplaque(舌斑)andfreshenbreath.Onecauseofbadbreathisthebuild­upofbacteriaonthetongue,whichadailytonguescrapingwillhelpbanish(消除).__2__·Eat“detergent(清洁剂)”foodsthatarefirmorcrisptohelpcleanteethasyoumunch(咀嚼)．__3__Forbestresults,make“detergent”foodsthefinalfoodyoueatinyourmealifyouknowyouwon'tbeabletobrushyourteethaftereating.·Stayfresh.Checkbylicking(舔)yourpalmandsmellingitwhileit'swet.Ifyousmellsomething,it'stimeforasugar­freebreathmint(薄荷).Shoppingformouthwash?__4__Mouthwasheswithtoomuchalcoholcandryoutmouthtissue,makingitmoreprone(易于)tobacteria.·Brushingyourteethfirstandlastarethetwomostcrucialtimesoftheday,assaliva(唾液)whichkeepsplaqueoffteeth,driesupatnight,soit'sbesttohaveallplaquecleanedofftheteethbeforesleep.__5__A．Makesureit'salcoholfree.B．Applesaregood,asarerawcarrots,celeryandpopcorn.C．Otherwise,you'rejusttransferringbacteriatoyourmouth.D．However,thebacteriawon'tbestayingonthetopofyourtongue.E．It'smoreeffectivethanbrushingyourtonguewithatoothbrushtoo.F．Whenyousleepwithoutbacteriainyourmouth,youwillfeelmuchbetter.G．It'salsoimportanttobrushfirstinthemorningtoremoveplaqueandbacteria3builtupasyouslept.语篇解读：本文介绍了六条保持牙齿洁白、健康的建议。1．解析：选C根据此空前的“Throwawayyourtoothbrush...everytwotothreemonths.”可知，每隔两到三个月要换一次牙刷，本空应说明这样做的原因。C项(否则你就是在把细菌转移到嘴巴里。符合语境。)2．解析：选E根据空前的“Onecauseofbadbreath...,whichadailytonguescrapingwillhelpbanish(清除)．”可知，刮舌板有助