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Unit5FirstAid复习动词ing形式[观察例句]1.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.2.Youcanprotecttheburntareabycoveringitwithaloosecleancloth.3.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgivingfirstaid.4.Itisbesttoplaceburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.5.Ifyouseesomeonechoking,firstcalltheemergencyservices.6.In1974,anAmericandoctor,HenryHeimlich,createdtheHeimlichmanoeuvre,savingthousandsoflivesaroundtheworld.[归纳用法]1.例句1中的getting为动词ing形式在句中作主语。2.例句2中的covering为动词ing形式在句中作宾语。3.例句3中的giving为动词ing形式在句中作表语。4.例句4中的running为动词ing形式在句中作定语。5.例句5中的choking为动词ing形式在句中作宾语补足语。6.例句6中的saving为动词ing形式在句中作状语。一、动词ing形式的基本情况1.动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,包括现在分词和动名词两种。动词ing形式在句中的语法作用:动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。2.动词ing形式的时态和语态:语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendoneReadingaloudisagoodwaytolearnalanguage.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。Havingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hepassedtheexam.努力学习了功课,他通过了考试。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowwillbefinishednextmonth.正在建设的建筑物下个月将完工。二、动词ing形式作主语1.动词ing形式作主语时,往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,通常置于句首。Sayingisonething,anddoingisanother.说是一回事,而做是另一回事。Havingawalkeverydayhelpstomakeonekeephealthy.每天散步有助于一个人保持健康。[名师点津]动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Climbingmountainsisreallydifficultfortheold.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。2.形式主语it代替动词ing形式作主语。此类句式常见的有:It'sawasteoftimedoingsth.做某事是浪费时间It'suseless/worthwhiledoingsth.做某事没用/是值得的It'snogood/use/fundoingsth.做某事没好处/没用/没意思Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。Itisnogood/useregrettingforthepast.悔恨过去是没用的。3.v.ing形式和todo作主语时的区别。v.ing形式和todo都可以作主语。v.ing形式作主语表示比较抽象的一般行为,todo作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。Playingwithfireisdangerous.玩火危险。(泛指)Singingismyhobby,andtosingatmyfriend'sbirthdaypartyismydream.唱歌是我的爱好,在朋友的生日宴会上唱歌是我的梦想。[即学即练1]单句语法填空①Ican'tstandworking(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.②It'snousecomplaining(complain)withouttakingaction.③Volunteering(volunteer)justfeelssogood.④Beinginvited(invite)tothepartywasagreathonourtothefamily.三、动词ing形式作宾语1.作动词的宾语。接v.ing形式作宾语的常用动词(短语)有:avoid,miss,delay/putoff避免错过少延期advise,finish,practise建议完成多练习enjoy,imagine,can'thelp喜欢想象禁不住admit,deny,envy承认否定与嫉妒escape,risk,excuse逃避冒险莫原谅stand,keep,mind忍受保持不介意Headmittedreferringtohisnotesintheexam.他承认在考试中查阅了笔记。Shecan'tstandbeinglookeddownuponinpublic.她忍受不了在公众场合被人看不起的感觉。Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意打开窗子吗?Hetriedtoavoidansweringmyquestions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。2.作介词的宾语。在下面的短语中,常用动词ing形式作介词的宾语:begoodat擅长;dreamof梦想;careabout在乎;beconcernedabout关心;beinterestedin对……感兴趣;feellike想要;insiston坚持;thinkof认为;aimat瞄准;setabout开始做;beusedto习惯于;getdownto开始做;leadto导致;devoteoneselfto献身于……;lookforwardto期待;stickto坚持;payattentionto注意;giveup放弃等。Idreamofsailingaroundtheworldandleadingahappylife.我梦想着环游世界,过上幸福的生活。Heinsistedondoingitinhisownway.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。I'mlookingforwardtoyourcomingnexttime.我期待着你下一次的到来。Becauseofthebadweather,theyhavetogiveupgoingoutforapicnictomorrow.因为天气不好,他们不得不放弃明天的外出野餐。3.在以下结构中,动词ing形式作介词的宾语,介词常省略。spend...(in)doing花费……做某事havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing...做……有困难/麻烦stop/prevent...(from)doing阻止……做某事wastetime(in)doing浪费时间做某事bebusy(in)doing忙于做某事haveagood/hardtime(in)doing高兴做某事/费了很大劲做某事Thereisnopoint(in)doing做某事毫无意义Heisalwaysbusyworkingeveryday,whichhasmadehimhavelittletimetoplaywithhischild.他每天总是忙于工作,这使他很少有时间和孩子一起玩。Thereisnopointgivinghimsuchagoodchance.给他提供这样一个好机会没有意义。[即学即练2]用所给词的适当形式填空①I'mlookingforwardtohearing(hear)fromyou.②Hedevoteshimselftolooking(look)intothematter.③Shelikesspendingmuchmoneybuying(buy)clothesforherself.4.动词ing形式作主语、宾语时的几个特殊情况(1)动词ing的复合结构名词(宾格)/名词's所有格代词(宾格)/形容词性物主代词+动词ingHis/Tom'sbeinglatemadetheteacherveryangry.他的/汤姆的迟到使老师很生气。Wouldyoumindmy/meclosingthewindow?你介意我关上窗户吗?WouldyoumindMary's/Maryclosingthewindow?你介意玛丽关上窗户吗?[名师点津]动词ing的复合结构的否定形式为:形容词性物主代词/代词(宾格)/名词/名词的所有格+notdoing...。Jerry'snotarrivingontimemadethepeoplepresentangry.杰里未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。(2)某些动词及动词短语后面既可以用不定式也可以用动词ing作宾语。①动词begin,start,continue等词后既可跟不定式,又可跟动词ing作宾语,意义基本相同。Theycontinueddiscussing/todiscusstheplanafterhavingarest.休息了一会后,他们继续讨论这项计划。②动词love,like,hate等后可跟动词ing和不定式作宾语,但接动词ing表示经常性的情况,接不定式表示具体的动作。Ilovewalkingwithmyfriendonasunnyday.(习惯)我喜欢和朋友在一个阳光明媚的日子里散步。Itisapleasantdaytoday,soIlovetohaveawalkwithmyfriend.(具体)今天是个令人愉快的日子,所以我想和朋友一起散散步。③一些动词后既可跟动词ing作宾语,又可跟不定式作宾语,但意义有很大差别。Heforgotturningthelightoff.他忘记他已经关了灯。Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Heforgottoturnitoff.办公室的灯还亮着。他忘记关了。[名师点津]对比记忆作宾语的动词含义goondoingsth.继续做同一件事goontodosth.接着做另一件事forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事forgettodosth.忘记要做某事trydoingsth.试着做某事trytodosth.努力做某事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事remembertodosth.记住要做某事regretdoingsth.后悔做了某事regrettodosth.很遗憾要做某事meantodo...打算/意欲做……meandoing...意味着做……stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事情can'thelptodo...不能帮着去做……can'thelpdoing...禁不住做……Theystoppedtohavealookatthefantasticscenery.他们停下来,看了看这美妙绝伦的风景。Theystoppedworkingandhadarest.他们停止工作,休息了一下。(3)用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是动词ing形式。其结构如下:主语thinkconsiderfindfeelbelieve+it+uselessnousenogood...+doing...Ifoundituseless/nousearguingaboutit.我发现争论这件事没有用。Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain?你觉得再试会有用吗?(4)在动词need,require,want,deserve后,用动词ing形
本文标题:2021学年高中英语Unit5FirstAid突破语法大冲关教师用书新人教版选择性必修第二册
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