三峡库区地质灾害防减灾战略关键问题

15220046TheChineseJournalofGeologicalHazardandControlVol.15No.2Jun.2004文海家1,张永兴1,柳源1,2(11,400045;21,100054):三峡库区地质灾害防治已成为目前中国地质灾害防治的主战场论文主要分析三峡库区地质灾害防治工作中面临的主要问题及防减灾战略实施中的一系列关键问题先概要介绍了库区地质灾害种类繁多量大面广日趋严重的现状;然后从库区人为诱发地质灾害愈演愈烈的状况地质灾害基础调查工作在广度与深度方面的不足地质灾害防治资金投入有限等方面对目前该区地质灾害防治面临的主要问题进行了研究;其后重点从库区地质灾害防治总体规划的形成历程与实施地质灾害的科学管理制度的建立与多体系管理体制的理顺地质灾害的预测预报研究与成果转化及库区地质灾害全面监测预警体系的建立治理地质灾害采用的整治与利用相结合的技术措施等方面,深入分析了实施库区地质灾害防减灾战略的一些关键问题结论认为,呈日趋严重之势的库区地质灾害,难以在水库最终建成蓄水之前实施全面治理,防减灾战略的关键是要尽快实施库区地质灾害总体防治规划,并且在总体防治规划的指导下,在科学的地质灾害管理制度及顺畅的管理体制下,开展库区地质灾害预测预报工作及全面实施监测预警同时实施重点整治与土地利用相结合的治灾技术路线:三峡库区;地质灾害;灾害防治;防减灾战略;全面监测预警系统:1003-8035(2004)02-022-07:P64212:A:2003-06-10;:2003-07-14:/0(2001BA604A02):(1971)),,,,,.186%,/0,,,,2[1]32002125562490,90[2],,/0,,,,,,30a,,,[3,4]2,,[1,2,5~7]2112000,2080,,/0,,;,,,/0,(1996)(2001)212,2090,,2,,/0,/,02:¹,113,;,,,,1000113,1998;º,2132080,90,,10,,20001999,,,5000;200240,,,,/03,,,,,,:311[2,5,6],905656/0[8]2080,90,,20001156175m,20015,5)2001717,:/,,,,,0232,:,2001827/0,,,10(),,200056,/020011019,5656,5620011030,56,,,,2002125,[2002]14,2195()6,,/0312[1,6,7,9]2080~90,200156([2001]39)56,2002319,349,56,200271,,,,:;;,;,,,,[1],,313[1,3,7,10],20036135m,,2006156m,2009175m,2/0/0,,,2090,24ZHONGGUODIZHIZAIHAIYUFANGZHIXUEBAO20041997//3S0,//3S0/0/0/0,/0/0,/0(2001BA604A02),,,/3S0(1),,,1/3S0(,1999)Fig.1The3Ssystemofintelligentanalysisanddecision,19884,1989,1991/0();;2;14(2)10,14,199162960m3,,,,2504,,,2(,2002)Fig.2Thepre-warningsystemofgeologicalhazard,80%:,,,/0,,20015,,56,561302,72,704,776200110,()1188,56,1188135m152,54,98,314[11~14],,,,,217km2,0187km23012%,,252,:,/0,,,,,,,,:1),/0,,,2),,,,3),[15],,/0,33Fig.3Thestereo-afforestengineeringofShibanpoinChongqingCity,,,(\);()175m,()175m,,[11,13](4),(5),[16],,,4(,2000)Fig.4Engineeringlayoutoflandslidecontrolling&utilizationofXiakouinHubeiProvince51(,2000)Fig.5No.1Reinforcedearthwall(57m)sectionofWushannewsite4411,,,,412,,,413:26ZHONGGUODIZHIZAIHAIYUFANGZHIXUEBAO2004:[1]赵纯勇.三峡库区地质灾害防治形势与减灾战略浅析[A].三峡库区可持续发展与科技进步[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2002,86-93.[2]国土资源部.三峡库区地质灾害防治总体规划[R].2001.[3]文海家,张永兴,柳源.三峡库区地质灾害及其危害[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2003,25(4).[4]文海家,张永兴,张建华.山地灾害对新重庆社会经济环境的重要影响[J].重庆环境科学.2000,22(6):22-25.[5]柳源.中国地质灾害防治基本构想[J].中国地质,2000,11(2):23-25.[6]石语.三峡防灾战正酣)))写在三峡库区地质灾害防治工程全面开工之际[J].国土资源,2002:18-20.[7]冯晓,彭光泽,周平.长江三峡库区危岩滑坡监测预警体系规划研究[J].工程勘察,2002,2:43-49.[8]傅秀堂.长江三峡工程移民回顾与展望[J].人民长江,2001,32(1):2-5.[9]闫军印,耿俊辰.三峡工程库区环境地质灾害的管理系统[J].资源开发与市场,1996,12:267-271.[10]王昌红,覃德富.三峡库区滑坡预警基层站点建设及管理[J].中国三峡建设,2002,6:34-35.[11]郭映忠.三峡库区重庆段城市滑坡的研究与防治[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1999,10(2):10-18.[12]伍法权.三峡工程库区影响135m水位蓄水的滑坡地质灾害治理工程及若干技术问题[J].岩土工程界,2002,5(6):15-16.[13]殷跃平,康宏达,陈波.三峡工程移民迁建区灾害地质体改造与利用研究[J].工程地质学报,2000,8:73-80.[14]殷跃平.三峡库区移民迁建地质灾害研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1998,9(增刊):59-66.[15]张永兴,王桂林,杜太亮.边坡立体绿化工程的稳定性[J].山地学报,2002,20(4):385-393.[16]黄扬一,王建锋,吕杰堂.三峡库区巫山新县城主要岩土工程问题[J].西部探矿工程,2000,12(5)::15-17.SomecrucialproblemsofcontrollinggeologicalhazardinthesectionoftheThreeGorgesReservoirWENNa-ijia1,ZHANGYong-xin1,LIUYuan1,2(11FacultyofCivilEngineering,ChongqingUniversity,Chongqing400045,China;21Geo-environmentDepartment,ChineseTerritoryResourceMinistry,Beijing100054,China)Abstract:ThegeologicalhazardpreventioninthesectionoftheThreeGorgesReservoiristhemainbattlefieldofthegeo-logicalhazardpreventionatpresentinChina.Thesubjectofthispaperistoanalyzesomemainproblemsfacedingeologicalhazardpreventionandaseriesofcrucialproblemsinthestratagem-actualizationofgeologicalhazardprevention-reliefinthesectionoftheThreeGorgesReservoir.Firstly,itsummarilyintroducesthegeologicalhazardcurrentsituationinthesectionoftheThreeGorgesReservoir:complete-excessivetype,widespreadexistence,worseandworsesituation.Afterwards,itstudiessomemainproblemsfacedinthegeologicalhazardprevention:theworseninggeologicalhazardsituationsinducedbyhumanactivity,thedeficiencyofbasicinvestigationofgeologicalhazardinrangeandprofundity,andthelimited-financingdevotionofdisasterprevention.Thereafter,itmainlyanalyzessomecrucialproblemsinthestratagem-actualizationofgeo-logicalhazardprevention-relief,whicharehowtodrawupthecomprehensiveplanofpreventinggeologicalhazard,howtoestablishandputinorderthescientificsupervision-sytemofgeologicalhazard,howtodevelopthegeologicalhazardforecastandsetuptheal-laroundsupervising-warningsystem,andhowtointroducethetechnicalwayscombinedcuringdisasterand272,:utilizingterritory.ItconcludesthatthegeologicalhazardismoreandmoreseriousinthesectionoftheThreeGorgesReser-voir;itisimpossibletotreatthegeologicalhazardal-lroundbeforethereservoirwillbefoundin2009;thecrucialaspectsofthestratagemofgeologicalhazardpreventionaretoactualizethecomprehensiveplanassoonaspossible,todevelopthegeologicalhazardforecastandal-laroundsupervise-warningsystem,andtointroducethetechnicalwayscombinedthecuringdisasterandutilizingterritory.Keywords:thesectionoftheThreeGorgesReservoir;geologicalhazard;hazardprevention;stratagemofprevention-reliefdisaster;al-laroundsupervise-warningsystem##/0200510SeventhInternationalSymposiumOnLandSubSidence/0,############,,1000,5~8,E-mail6000~8000JPGGIF,,,,,,2004121202004812004121200541