初中语法：主从复合句(20191212185449)

主从复合句ComplexSentences主从复合句从哪儿来？Iknewthefamousactoryesterday.主状定Iknewthattheactorappearedonarealityshowyesterday.宾语从句Iknewtheactorwhowasveryfamousyesterday.定语从句IknewthefamousactorwhenIwastenyearsold.状语从句宾谓搞定宾语从句结构：主句+引导词+宾语从句（宾从跟在动词和介词后面）宾语从句考什么？1.语序2.引导词3.时态什么题型？选择题&改写题Iwanttoknow________.A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairportC.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat宾语从句的语序1.识别宾语从句的语序宾语从句用陈述句语序连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分1.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.CanyoutellmehowcanIgettothezoo?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothezoo?2.方法宾语从句的引导词-Wedon’tknow________.-ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.A.whatheisB.wherehewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere1.识别ArethereanynewmarketsinAsia?Thesalesmanagerwantstoknow.(合并为一句）Thesalesmanagerwantstoknow____there____anynewmarketsinAsia.宾语从句的引导词由that引导的陈述句2.方法（三种情况）Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，可以省略。情况一：宾语从句的引导词由if或whether引导的一般疑问句情况二：Iwanttoknowif/whetherhelivesthere.Heaskedmewhether/ifIcouldhelphim.意为“是否”，有确切含义，不能省Iaminterestedinwhetherhe’llgotohaveapicnic①作介词的宾语时，用whether，而不用if.Whetherthisistrue,Iamnotsure.②whether引导的从句可移到主句之前而if不能。Wedidn’tknowwhethershehadcomeornot.③后面接ornot时，只用whether.Hedoesn'tknowwhethertogoswimming.④后接动词不定式时注意宾语从句的引导词由本来的连接词引导特殊疑问句情况三：Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.练习1.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which2.We'dliketoknow_________ornot.A.whetherwillthesportsmeetingcomeB.ifwillthesportsmeetingcomeC.whetherthesportsmeetingwillcomeD.ifthesportsmeetingwillcome3.ArethereanynewmarketsinAsia?Thesalesmanagerwantstoknow.(合并为一句）Thesalesmanagerwantstoknow___there___anynewmarketsinAsia.BCifare宾语从句的时态1.识别Timtoldusthathiscompany_______robotstodosomeofthework.A.usesB.willuseC.willbeusedD.woulduseJohnasked,“Canyoulookaftermypetdogwhilehewasaway?”(合成宾语从句）Johnasked_____I_____lookafterhispetdogwhilehewasaway.宾语从句的时态2.方法第一招：从句出招看真理从句为客观真理，用一般现在时Lisaaskedwhetherlight_________________fasterthansound.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearth______aroundthesun.goesturns第二招：主句下令定方向主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时任意时态（主现从不限）一般过去时（主过从过）一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时第三招：从句乖乖调时态从句根据自身需要调整确定最终答案Theofficialsaidthey______anewlawtoprotectthetouriststhenextyear.A.makesB.wouldmakeC.madeD.havemadeJohnasked,“Canyoulookaftermypetdogwhilehewasaway?”(合成宾语从句）Johnasked_____I_________lookafterhispetdogwhilehewasaway.ifcould注意点一：否定转移Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty.Ithinkhewon’tcometomyparty.条件：谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等主语是第一人称主句时态为一般现在时从句的否定词转移到主句上来注意点二：Could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式所以宾语从句时态根据实际情况确定Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow?Howcanwegettothesciencemuseum?Couldyoutellus?（两句并一句）Couldyoutellushowwecangettothesciencemuseum?注意点三：宾语从句的简化Shedoesn'tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.=Shedoesn'tknowwhattodonext.条件：主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构宾从改写为简单句（浦东一模）Theteacherdidn’ttelluswhetherweshouldgoonwiththediscussionornot.(改为简单句）Theteacherdidn’ttellus_______________goonwiththediscussionornot.whetherto总结宾语从句解题三步骤一看语序二看引导词三看时态宾语从句综合练习1.Timtoldusthathiscompany_______robotstodosomeofthework.A.usesB.willuseC.willbeusedD.woulduse2.Jennytoldmethatshe______anEnglishSpeechContestthenextmonth.A.TakespartinB.istakingpartinC.TookpartinD.wouldtakepartin3.WearegladtohearthattheGreens_______toanewflatnextweek.A.movedB.moveC.willmoveD.havemoved4.-WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?-Sorry.Idon’tknow________.A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroadC.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroadDDCD宾语从句综合练习“Whoisresponsibleforthefoodsafetyproblem?”askedthereporter.(改为宾语从句）Thereporterasked___________responsibleforthefoodsafety.“Isitthefirstboys-onlyschoolinthecity?”askedaparent.(改为宾语从句）Aparentasked_____it_______thefirstboys-onlyschoolinthecity.Whencanwemeetourhostfamilies?Hedidn’ttellus.(合并两句为一句）Hedidn’ttellus____________meetourhostfamilies.Pleasetellmewherewecanbuytheticketsfortheconcertthisweekend.(改为简单句）Pleasetellme_______________buytheticketsfortheconcertthisweekend.whowasifwaswhentowhereto秒杀状语从句结构：主句，连接词+从句连接词+从句，主句状语从句考什么？1.连接词2.时态什么题型？选择题&改写题八大状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句结果状语从句时间状语从句：连接词when/while/as当……时候Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.1.While更强调“在……期间”，一段时间搭配持续状态：进行时、延续性动词Hefellasleepwhilehewasdoinghishomework.HelearntEnglishwhilehewasinAmerica.2.While可以表达一种对比的含义Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhiletheyareplayingfootball.As包含伴随的意思，可以译为“随着”Asyougetolder,threethingswillhappen.Thefirstisyourmemorygoes,andIcan’tremembertheothertwo…时间状语从句：连接词before在……之前Youneedtofinishyourhomeworkbeforeyourteacherarriveshere.after在……之后Iarrivedafterheleft.主句+过去完成时，before+过去时。assoonasA：Duringsummerholidays,Ioftengetupassoonasthesunbeginstocomethroughmywindow.B:Isn’tthatquiteearly?A:Well,myroomfaceswest.一……就……I'llcallhimassoonashecomesback.他一回来我就给他打电话。since自从主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时IhaveneverbeenthereagainsinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.Wehavema