American-puritanism-美国清教

by杨尧涓•Protestants（新教徒，基督教徒）•TheEnglishReformation（英国宗教改革）•religiouspersecution•NewEngland•DominantculturalforcePuritansPuritanism•16thcentury•JohnCalvin(1509-64)•natureofman(人性)•freewill(自由意志)•predestination（预定论）ThedoctrinesofPuritanism•(1)unconditionalelection:theideathatGodhaddecreed（颁布，判决）whowasdamnedandwhowassavedfrombeforethebeginningoftheworld•(2)limitedatonement（限定的救赎）:theideathatChristdiedfortheelectonly•(3)totaldepravity(堕落):humanity’suttercorruptionsincetheFall•(4)theperseveranceofthesaints:theelect,despitetheirbacksliding(堕落）andfaintnessofheart,cannotfallawayfromgraceInfluenceonAmerican’ssenseofmission•acityuponahill（山巅之城）—anidealcommunityinNewEngland.•God'select上帝的选民•hegemonism霸权主义InfluenceonAmericanEducation•preachers•Gospel福音•theBible•illiteracyrate•popularityofhighereducationInfluenceonAmericanPolitics•Allmenarecreatedequal•ThomasJefferson•DeclarationofIndepence:•weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident:thatallmenarecreatedequal;thattheyareendowedbytheircreatorwithcertainunalienablerights;thatamongthesearelife,libertyandthepursuitofhappiness.