山西省汾阳中学2018-2019学年高二英语下学期期中试题（无答案）

汾阳中学2018-2019第二学期高二年级期中考试英语试题答题时间：100分钟，满分：150分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFromsmartphonestoelectriccars,youmayalreadybeamazedbythetechnologythatsurroundsyourdailylife.Ifyou’reamazedbecauseitfeelslikeyou’realreadylivinginasci-fimovie,justwaituntilyouhearthefollowingamazingtech.VirtualrealityIt’spredictedthatvirtualrealitywillhaveitsfirstbillion-dollaryearin2018.It’snotsurprising;thinkaboutallthenewvirtualrealitytechthat’scomingoutthesedays—OculusRift,SamsungGearVR,andevenGoogleCardboard.Whatmakesvirtualrealityreallyamazingisthewaysit’scurrentlybeingused.We’veallseenhowFacebookisstartingtousethe360videotocreatemoreimmersive（沉浸式虚拟现实的）videocontent,butstart-upRukkusistakingthatonestepfurther.Itisusingvirtualrealitytoallowpeopletogetavirtualexperienceoftheirexactseatbeforebuyingtheirticket.Genetic（基因的）testingIn2007itcost1milliondollarstohaveyourDNAsequenced（测定序列）.In2009,thatnumberdroppedto$48,000.Today,itcostslessthan$1,000tohaveyourDNAsequencedthankstothefastdevelopmentofthistech.WhyshouldpeoplehavetheirDNAsequenced?Imagineamedicaltestthatallowsyoutotakealookatyourfutureandseepossiblehealthrisks.Thisgivesyoutheabilitytofightoffanyissuesbeforetheyeverhappen.Also,ittellsyouifyouareacarrierofanydiseasesthatyoucouldpassontoyourchildren.Drones（无人驾驶飞机）Onthesurface,itcouldlooklikedronesarejustanotherfashion.Whatcanyoureallydowiththembesidesfilmorrace?Asofrightnow,that’sallyoucando.However,thefutureofdroneshasmuchmoreinstore.BigorganizationslikeAmazonareplanningtousedronesforshippingpurposes.Imaginebuyingsomethingonlineandhavingitdeliveredinamatterofhours,ratherthandays.1.Intheauthor’sopinion,whatmakes/makevirtualrealityactuallysurprising?A.Itsbillion-dollarincomein2018.B.Itsnewvirtualrealitytech.C.GearVRandCardboard.D.Thewaysit’sbeingused.2.WhatdoesRukkusallowpeopletodo?A.Playsportsgamesvirtuallyathome.B.Rejectmoreimmersivevideocontent.C.Receiveticketstogameswithoutleavinghome.D.Experienceseatvirtuallybeforebuyingticket.3.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbymentioningthecostsofDNAsequencing?A.DNAsequencingisreallyimportant.B.It’scostlytohaveourDNAsequenced.C.Genetictestingtechhasdevelopedfast.D.Everyoneshouldn’thavetheirDNAsequenced.4.Intheauthor’sopinion,inthefuturedronesmaybewidelyusedto.A.delivergoodsB.makemoviesC.competeinracesD.transportpassengerBThehumpbackwhale（座头鲸），whichcanreachalengthof50feet,isknownforitslongtravelsbetweenwarmwaterinthewinterandcoldwaterduringthesummer.“Humpbacksmakethelongestmigration（迁移）ofanymammal,”saysmammalresearchbiologistJohnCalambokidis,whohasstudiedthewhalessince1986.WhilesomehumpbackwhaleshavebeenknowntomigratefromtheAntarcticPeninsulaallthewaytothewatersoffCostaRica,theyarenotexactlyknownfortheirabilitytoswimfast.“Thespeedthatalotofthesewhalesthatmakelongmigrationstravelatisoftennotthatimpressive,”Calambokidissays.“Inotherwords,theycanbejustasslowasthreetofivemilesanhour.Buttheimpressivepartisthattheyaredoingthat24hoursaday.Thatmeanstheycanbecovering100milesinaday.Theycancovertheseratherlongdistances…inamonthortwo.”AccordingtoCalambokidis,thereissomescientificdebateaboutwhyhumpbackwhalesmigratesofar.Itmightbebecausetheyneedwarmerwaterstoreduceenergylossduringthewinter.There’salsothepossibilitythathumpbackwhalesmigrateasastrategytokeepawayfromkillerwhales.Calambokidissaysthathumpbackwhalesareabletodefendthemselvesagainstkillerwhaleattacksmoreeasilyiftheyareinshallow,warmwatersratherthandeepercold-wateroceanregions.Duringtheirthree-weektotwo-monthmigrations,humpbackwhalesseldomeat.Theyliveoffbodyfatontheirjourney.Howthehumpbackwhalesknowwheretotravelduringtheirmigrationsstillhasnotbeenknown.“Iamnotsureanyonehasaclearanswertothis,”Calambokidissays.5.Thehumpbackwhalescanmigratesofarbecause.A.theyswimveryfastB.theyneverstopinthejourneyC.theytravelfornearlyhalfayearD.theytrytokeepawayfromkillerwhales6.Beforethemigrationthehumpbackwhaleshaveto.A.eatmuchtostorefatB.growaslongas50feetC.practiceswimmingskillsD.teachtheyounghowtotravel7.WhattodoweknowaboutCalambokidis?A.Hehasstudiedthewhalesforalongtime.B.Hefollowedthehumpbackwhalesinhisresearch.C.Hethinkshumpbackwhalesaresafeincoldwaters.D.Hefoundhumpbackwhalesswimfasterinwarmwaters.CObviously,mostpeoplewhotrytoloseweightgenerallyfocusallormostoftheirattentiononthefoodtheyeat.Butwhatabouttheirbehavior?Aretherehabitstheycouldbebreakingthatwouldalsohelpthemloseweight?AccordingtotheOhioStateUniversityExtension,whichsummarizedthefindings,theresearcherslearnedpeoplewhoroutinelyatebreakfasts,lunches,anddinnerstendedtohavemoresuccesslosingweightthanpeoplewhoseeatingscheduleswereirregular.Asabonus,theywerealsomorelikelytoeatalargerquantityoffruitsandvegetables.Oneactivitythatbroughtadisastertopeoplewhowantedtoloseweightwaswatchingtelevision,particularlyiftheyatewhilewatchingTV—especiallyiftheyatewhilewatchingTVafter7p.m.Peoplewhodidthesethings,includingsimplywatchingalotoftelevision,tendedtohaveahigherbodymassindex(BMI),aswellasahigherintakeoffatandsugars.Thosewhoateoutalotalsotendedtotakeinmore