2020年中考英语总复习 基础语法 专题十三 宾语从句和定语从句试题

专题十三宾语从句和定语从句学前自测（发现考点）()1.—Couldyoutellme___forBeijing?—At8:30tomorrowmorning.A.whenwillyouleaveB.whenyouwillleaveC.whenwouldyouleaveD.whenyouleft()2.Thousandsofpeoplehavetoleavethevillage____theylovedeeplybecauseofthepollution.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where()3.—Doyouknowtheman___iswearingglasses?—Oh,ofcourse.HeismyEnglishteacher.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose()4.Theoldmancameintotheroomwithalittleboy___wascarryingabigbag.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose()5.Eileenwillneverforgetthisbeautifulpark___shemethishusband20yearsago.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.whose()6.PasstheYangChengTongtotheboy____isstandingatthedoorback,please.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose()7.Thoseforeignchildren____cametoourschoollastweekgetusedtothefoodinChinanow.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./()8.—DidyouseeAnnaafterclass?—Isawherleavetheclassroom,butIdidn'tnotice____afterthat.A.whendidshegoB.wheredidshegoC.whenshewentD.whereshewent()9.—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I'mlookingforthebook___youlentmeyesterday.A.whoseB.whoC.thatD.what()10.Doyouknowtheman___istalkingtoAlice?A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose常考考点知识清单（研习考点）考点一宾语从句1.宾语从句的引导词主要有从属连词、连接代词、连接副词三类。2.引导词的使用(1)陈述句变宾语从句:that(口语和非正式文体中可以省略)。Hethinksthathewillbefamoussomeday.他认为他总有一天会出名的。(2)一般疑问句变宾语从句:if/whether引导。Shewondersif/whetheritistrue.她想知道这是不是真的。(3)特殊疑问句变宾语从句:连接代词和连接副词。FatheraskedmewhereIhadputmybook.爸爸问我把书放在哪里了。(4)选择疑问句变宾语从句:whether…or…。HeaskedmewhetherIwouldwatchTVorreadastorybook.他问我是看电视还是看书。(5)祈使句变宾语从句:todo(不定式结构)。Theteachertoldusnottoplayinthestreet.老师要我们不要在街上玩。3.时态的呼应(1)主句用一般现在时,从句可用任何一种时态。Ithinkhehasfinishedhishomework.我认为他已经完成家庭作业了。(2)主句用一般过去时,从句一定要用与过去相关的时态。Iaskedhimwhetherhehadfinishedhishomework.我问他是不是已经完成家庭作业了。(3)从句部分是客观真理,不管主句是什么时态,从句都用一般现在时。TheteachertoldthestudentsthattheearthturnsaroundtheSun.老师告诉学生们地球围绕着太阳转。4.从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句的语序都要用陈述句的语序,即:连接词+主语+谓语+其他。Canyoutellmewho(m)wehavetosee?你能告诉我我们必须见谁吗?考点二定语从句1.关系代词引导的定语从句(1)who指人,在从句中作主语。YesterdayImetthegirlwhostudiesinBeijing.昨天我遇到了一位女孩,她在北京学习。(2)whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。若前面有介词,则whom不可省略,此时不可用who或者that。MrsWuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.吴女士就是你们在车上谈论的那个人。(3)which指物,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语,作宾语时可省略。若前面有介词,则which不可省略,此时不可用that。(4)that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。在宾语从句中作主语或者宾语,作宾语时可省略。Whoistheboy(that/whom)Isawthismorning?我今天上午看到的那个男孩是谁?(5)whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语。Heknowsthegirlwhosefatherisadoctor.他认识那个女孩,她爸爸是一名医生。Iliveinahousewhosewindowsfacethesouth.我住在一个窗户朝南的房子里。注意:含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如:lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。Thisisthemoviewhich/thatIamlookingfor.这就是我正找着看的那部电影。2.关系副词引导的定语从句(1)when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.我们相聚的时候终于来了。(2)where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.十年前我住的那座房子已经拆了。(3)why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhelookssadtoday.我不知道他今天不开心的原因。3.只用that引导定语从句的场合(1)当先行词是anything,everything,nothing,something,few,all,none,little,some等代词时,或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时。HaveyouwrittendowneverythingthatMrLinhassaid?你把林先生说的话都记下了吗?Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.能做的都做了。注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who。(2)当先行词被序数词修饰时。Thefirsttimethattheytoldmeislastnight.他们第一次告诉我是昨天晚上。(3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.这是我看过的最好的电影。(4)当形容词被thevery,theonly,thesame,thelast修饰时。ThatistheverydressthatIwanttobuy.那就是我非常想买的那件裙子。注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who。(2)当先行词被序数词修饰时。Thefirsttimethattheytoldmeislastnight.他们第一次告诉我是昨天晚上。(3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.这是我看过的最好的电影。(4)当形容词被thevery,theonly,thesame,thelast修饰时。ThatistheverydressthatIwanttobuy.那就是我非常想买的那件裙子。注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who。WangLinistheonlystudentinourschoolwhowillattendthecompetition.王林就是我们学校唯一将要参加比赛的学生。(5)当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。Whoisthemanthatissittingthere?坐在那儿的那位男士是谁?Whichisthecoatthatfitsmemost?哪一件是我最合身的外套?(6)当先行词既有人,也有动物或者物体时。Canyourememberthewriterandhisbooksthatwehavereported?你记得我们报道过的那位作家和他的著作吗?巩固训练（夯实基础）一、单项选择()1.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme____?—Itwillleaveat8:00a.m.A.howwillyougoShanghaiB.howyouwillgotoShanghaiC.whenwillthebusleaveforShanghaiD.whenthebuswillleaveforShanghai()2.IlikeTVshows____canmakemerelaxed,justlikeWhereAreWeGoing,Dad?.A.whatB.thatC.whereD.who()3.—Lily,doyouknowhowmanycolours____inarainbow?—Seven.A.thereareB.arethereC.theyareD.arethey()4.—Football,____isverypopularintheworld,islovedmostlybyboys.—That'strue.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.when()5.ThisSpringFestival,Iwenttothevillage___Iusedtoliveinfortwentyyearsandspentoneweektherewithmyrelatives.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.why()6.—Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood?—Weareallinterestedin____.A.howeggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.howeggfriesD.howdoeseggfry()7.—WhatdidMarysayjustnow?—Sheasked____.A.whenwewouldgotothecinemaB.whenwewillgotothecinemaC.whenwillwegotothecinemaD.whenwouldwegotothecinema()8.—Thereason____thesportsmeetingwasputoffisstillunknown.—Maybethereissomethingemergent.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.when()9.—Canyouimagine____?—Yes.Thefuturelifewillbegreat.A.whatwillthelifebelikeinthefutureB.whatthelifewillbelikeinthefutureC.whatwouldthelifebelikeinthefutureD.whatthelifewouldbelikeinthefuture()10.—Jackaskedmetomeethisfriendattheairport,butIdon'tknow____.—Youcanaskhim.A.wherehewillarriveB.whyhewillarriveC.howhewillarri