2020年中考英语总复习 基础语法 专题七 动词的种类试题

专题七动词的种类学前自测（发现考点）()1.Lucyandherfriendwill____attheairportinhalfanhour.TheyaregoingtoTaiwan.A.playB.comeC.leaveD.meet()2.—MayIplaycomputergamesnow,Mum?—No,you____.Youhaven'tfinishedyourhomeworkyet.A.don'tB.needn'tC.can'tD.maynot()3.—Shallwetakeabustothelibrary?—It’snotfar.Ithinkwe___takeabus.Let’swalkthere.A.mustn'tB.couldn'tC.can'tD.needn't()4.—Howmuchdidthisdictionary___you,Sally?—Igotitfor90yuan.A.useB.costC.takeD.spend()5.Itisveryhothere.Whynot____yourcoat?A.totakeoffB.putoffC.takeoffD.puton()6.Thehotelisnotfar,soyou____takeabus.A.maynotB.needn'tC.can'tD.mustn't()7.Thepriceofvegetables___soquicklythesedays.A.risesB.affordC.improvesD.raise()8.Mycomputerdoesn’twork.There____besomethingwrongwithit,butI'mnotsure.A.couldB.mustC.mayD.need()9.Hello!I'mverygladtoseeyou.When____you____here?A.are;arrivingB.did;arriveC.have;arrivedD.will;arrive()10.—Ann,areyouhurryingout?—I____gonoworI'llbelateforthemeeting.A.mustB.canC.needn'tD.don'thaveto常考考点知识清单（研习考点）考点一行为动词/实义动词行为动词/实义动词可分为及物动词和不及物动词,可接宾语的是及物动词,不可以接宾语的是不及物动词。动词种类接宾语的情况例词例句及物动词接单宾语clean/read/write/raise/wantHeisreadingabook.他正在看书。接双宾语give/buy/show/pass/cookCanyoupassmetheball?你能把球传给我吗?及物动词接复合宾语see/watch/make/think/findShefoundthebackdoorforcedopen.她发现后门被撬开了。不及物动词不接宾语go/arrive/listen/riseTheSunrisesintheeast.太阳从东边升起。考点二连系动词它本身有一定词义,但不能单独作谓语。连系动词可以分为三类:1.单纯表示一个特征或状态用得最多的是be(是、在),另外还有feel(觉得、摸上去),look(看起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),seem(似乎是),appear(显得、看来好像)等。Theflowerslookbeautiful.这些花看上去很漂亮。Sheisaverygoodstudent.她是个非常好的学生。Thecakesmellsstrange.这蛋糕有怪味。2.表示变成某种状态这样的动词有become(变成),come(成为),fall(变得),get(变得),grow(渐渐变得),run(变为),go(变成),prove(证明),make(变为)。Itgetsdarkeranddarker.天越来越黑了。Hebecameadoctorthreeyearsago.他3年前当上了医生。Thegirl'sfaceturnedred.那女孩的脸变红了。3.表示保持某种状态这样的动词有continue(依旧是),keep(保持),lie(处于……状态),remain(仍是),stand(处于……状态),stay(继续处于……状态)等。Keepquiet,please.请安静。Thewindowstayedopenallthenight.窗子整夜开着。Theweathercontinuedfineforseveraldays.一连几天天气都很好。考点三助动词1.be作为助动词构成(1)进行时态:IamlearningEnglish.我在学英语。(2)被动语态:Thisbookwaspublishedlastyear.这本书是去年出版的。(3)接不定式:Whereareyoutomeet?你们打算在哪里碰头?2.have作为助动词构成(1)完成时态:Whathashappened?发生了什么事?(2)完成进行时态:Whathaveyoubeendoing?你一直在干什么?3.助动词do(1)构成疑问句:DoyouknowFrench?你懂法语吗?(2)构成否定句:Ididn'tgototheparty.我没参加那个聚会。(3)表示之前所说的动作,避免重复:Idon'tknowEnglish.Neitherdoeshe.我不懂英语,他也不懂。(4)用在动词前加强语气:Dobecareful.千万小心。4.助动词shall,will,should,would助动词shall,will,should,would接动词原形构成将来时态:Weshalloftencometoseeyou.我们将常来看你。Iwilltrymybesttohelpyou.我会尽我所能地帮助你。考点四情态动词情态动词在英语中考中占有很大的比重,多以单选题的形式出现,而且出现频率极高,所以有必要把它单独列出来重点讲解一下。情态动词没有人称和数的变化,它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语,后接动词原形,最常用的情态动词有:can(could),may(might),must,need,shall(should),will(would)。1.can,could的用法(1)表示具有某种能力,意为“能;会”(could表过去的能力)。IcansingthesonginEnglish.我能用英语唱这首歌。Shecouldswimwhenshewasfouryearsold.她四岁的时候就会游泳。(2)表示许可、允许,意为“可以”。Youcan'tplaycomputergamesonweekdays.在工作日里你不能玩电脑游戏。(3)表示请求某人做某事,意为“能;能够”(用could使语气更委婉,但回答时要还原成can/can't)。—Can/Couldyoutellmewherethebankis?你能告诉我银行在哪里吗?—Yes,Ican.是的,我能。注意:can't还可表示否定推测,意为“不可能”。Itcan'tbetrue.它不可能是真的。2.may,might的用法(1)表示许可、允许,意为“可以”,常与第一人称连用,用might表示可能性较小,might不表示过去时态,只是语气上比may更委婉。MayIaskyouaquestionnow?现在我可以问你一个问题吗?(2)表示没有把握的猜测,意为“可能”,用于肯定句和否定句,不能用于疑问句。Hemaybeathomenow.现在他可能在家里。Shemaynotbetheretoday.今天她或许不在那里。3.must的用法(1)表示义务或强制,意思是“必须”。Wemustobeytheschoolrules.我们必须遵守学校的规则。(2)表示肯定推测,意思是“一定”,语气较肯定,较有把握。Hemustbeateacher.他一定是位老师。4.need的用法need既可以作情态动词,也可作实义动词。need作实义动词时,后跟名词、代词、不定式或动名词作宾语。need作情态动词时后跟动词原形,一般用于疑问句和否定句。Youneedn'tcleantheroomnow.=Youdon'tneedtocleantheroomnow.现在你不必打扫房间。Needhepractiseplayingtheviolinnow?=Doesheneedtopractiseplayingtheviolinnow?现在他需要练习小提琴吗?5.shall,should的用法(1)shall用于疑问句,表示征求对方意见,此时常用第一人称。ShallwesinganEnglishsong?我们唱首英文歌曲好吗?(2)should意为“应该”,用于各种人称,表示根据常理认为是对的事或应该去做的事。Weshouldbepolitetoourteachers.我们应该对我们的老师有礼貌。6.will,would的用法(1)will表示主语的决心或意愿。Iwilldomybesttohelpyou.我将尽力帮助你。(2)Wouldyouplease…?意思是“请你……好吗?”表示客气的请求;Wouldyoulike(todo)sth.意为“想要(做某事)某物”;Wouldyouminddoingsth.?意为“你介意做某事吗?”Wouldyoupleasecleantheblackboard?请你擦黑板好吗?Wouldyoulike(toeat)somenoodles?你愿意吃些面条吗?WouldyoumindturningontheTV?你介意打开电视吗?7.常用含情态动词的疑问句的两种回答比较Canyou…?MayI…?MustI…?NeedI…?肯定回答Yes,Ican.Yes,please./Sure./Certainly./Ofcourse.Yes,youmust.Yes,youmust.否定回答No,Ican’t.No,youmustn't/can't.No,youneedn't.No,youneedn't.巩固训练（夯实基础）一、单项选择()1.—Idon'tknowhowto____myclassmates.—First,youshouldbemorefriendly.A.catchupwithB.takepartinC.getonwellwithD.makealiving()2.—Kate____eatalotofmeat.—Yes,butsheeatingvegetablesnow.A.usedto;usedtoB.isusedto;usedtoC.usedto;isusedtoD.isusedto;isusedto()3.—Whosehandbagisthis?—It____beLiPing's.Isawhertakeherownawayjustnow.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.won’t()4.—It____meanhourtofinishmyhomework.—Well,it'snottoolong.A.spentB.costC.tookD.paid()5.—Shallwegotherebybus?—No,we____.Wecangothereonfoot.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.can’t()6.Thoughtheycan___Englishverywell,theypreferto____witheachotherinChinese.A.say;speakB.speak;sayC.say;tellD.speak;talk()7.—Inautumn,theleaves___yellowand____thetrees.—Yes,andIlikethefallingleaves.A.turn;falloffB.make;falldownC.turn;falldownD.make;falloff()8.—Wouldyoumindmy_____he