2021高考英语一轮复习 阶梯一 第一讲 各司其职的8大句子成分课件 新人教版

第一讲各司其职的8大句子成分[技能提升]句子由各个组成部分构成，这些组成部分叫作句子成分。句子成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语和同位语等。佳句输入一、主语——句子的主体主语是句子的主体，用于说明谓语所表示的动作或状态的执行者，除倒装句外，一般位于句子的开头。主语通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当，一般用双横线“”标出。①[2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达]Youcanwatchtheminyoursparetime.(代词作主语)②[2019·北京卷书面表达]Transportationmatterssomuchwhiletraveling.(名词作主语)③[2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]Tobringasmallgiftisagoodidea.＝Itisagoodideatobringasmallgift.(动词不定式作主语)④[2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]Tostartwith,whatIintendtostressisthatweareabouttostartournextlessoninClassroom8oftheTeachingBuildingat10a．m.nextFriday.(从句作主语)⑤Formingagoodhabitinourdailylifeisofgreatbenefittous.(动名词短语作主语)佳句输出用双横线“”标出下列句子的主语。①[2019·江苏卷书面表达]What'smore,thetraditionalChinesedresscan'treflecttheuniquecultureofourschool.②[2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]I'mpleasedtoknowyourChinesefriendhasinvitedyoutodinner.③[2016·高考四川卷书面表达]Differentpeoplelikedifferentseasons;myfavouriteseasonisspring.④[江西卷书面表达]Togetalongwellwithothersisthesecondthingyoushouldlearn.⑤[2015·高考天津卷书面表达]WhatIamgoingtotellyouisaboutdonatingbooksfromourschooltoyourChineseclass.佳句输入①What'smore,thetraditionalChinesedresscan'treflecttheuniquecultureofourschool.②I'mpleasedtoknowyourChinesefriendhasinvitedyoutodinner.③Differentpeoplelikedifferentseasons;myfavouriteseasonisspring.④Togetalongwellwithothersisthesecondthingyoushouldlearn.⑤WhatIamgoingtotellyouisaboutdonatingbooksfromourschooltoyourChineseclass.二、谓语——主语的行为谓语用来描述主语的行为动作、状态或特征，一般用单横线“____”标出。(1)实义动词(短语)可以单独作谓语，有时态、人称和数的变化(2)系动词不能单独作谓语，系表结构才可以作谓语(3)助动词和情态动词也不能单独作谓语，“助动词/情态动词＋实义动词”可以作谓语①[2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]I_can_giveabriefintroductionofthesemasterpiecesfromtheperspectiveofanativespeakerofChina.(“情态动词＋实义动词”作谓语)②[2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达]IhavegoodnewstotellyouthatamusicfestivalwillbeheldinourschoolhallonJune5at2：00pm.(实义动词作谓语)③[2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]Iam_goodatEnglishandfamiliarwithChinesepaintings.(系表结构作谓语)佳句输出用单横线“____”标出下列句子的谓语。①Halfanhourlater,Imanagedtofindthecorrectanswer.②Whenhegotupat7：00a．m.,abigplanoccurredtohim.③Thewatchisnecessaryinourdailylife,butitsfunctionistoosimpleanddull.④Wemayhavedifferentopinionsinorganizingclassactivities.⑤[2018·高考浙江卷书面表达]What'smore,Ihavesomeexperienceinaccompanyingforeignfriends.①Halfanhourlater,Imanagedtofindthecorrectanswer.②Whenhegotupat7：00a．m.,abigplanoccurredtohim.③Thewatchis_necessaryinourdailylife,butitsfunctionis_too_simple_and_dull.④Wemay_havedifferentopinionsinorganizingclassactivities.⑤What'smore,Ihavesomeexperienceinaccompanyingforeignfriends.佳句输入三、宾语——动作的对象宾语是动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词的后面。可以用作宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词和从句等，一般用波浪线“”标出。①[2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]SoIamwritingthisletteraskingtobeavolunteer.(名词作宾语)②[2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达]I'mgladtotellyouthataChineseclassicalmusicconcertwillbeheldinthemusichallofourschoolonNovember8th.(从句作宾语)③[2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达]Don'tforgettopraiseyourfriendforthedeliciousfoodsheoffers.(不定式作宾语)佳句输出用波浪线“”标出下列句子的宾语。①[2016·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]I'vealreadywrittentheapplicationletterandpersonalresume.②Suddenlyhethoughtofseeingthebeautifulviewsofthecityagainbeforesettingout.③[2019·浙江卷书面表达]I'msorrytohearthatyouaregoingtoreturntoyourcountryverysoon.④[2017·浙江卷书面表达]Iplantogoforanouting，andIwouldliketoinviteyoutoparticipate.①I'vealreadywrittentheapplicationletterandpersonalresume.②Suddenlyhethoughtofseeingthebeautifulviewsofthecityagainbeforesettingout.③I'msorrytohearthatyouaregoingtoreturntoyourcountryverysoon.④Iplantogoforanouting，andIwouldliketoinviteyoutoparticipate.佳句输入四、表语——主语的特征表语与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语(系表结构)，用来说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。可以用作表语的有：名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、分词和从句等，一般用虚线“”标出。①[2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]MynameisLiHua.(名词作表语)②[2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]MyaimistoletChinagototheworldandlettheworldunderstandChina.(不定式作表语)③[2017·高考北京卷书面表达]That'swhyIthinkthetripalongtheYangtzewillbeabetterchoice.(从句作表语)④[2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达]Weareconfidentthatwecanwinthiscompetition.(形容词作表语)佳句输出用虚线“”标出下列句子的表语。①[2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达]ItisaChinesefolkartwithalonghistory.②[2017·高考浙江卷书面表达]AteightonthemorningofOctober1,wearetogatherattheschoolgate.③[2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达]Thethemeoftheshowisenvironmentalprotection.④Themostimportantthingistolearntocontrolyourtempersothatyoumaynotdoorsayanythingyou'llregret.①ItisaChinesefolkartwithalonghistory.②AteightonthemorningofOctober1,wearetogatherattheschoolgate.③Thethemeoftheshowisenvironmentalprotection.④Themostimportantthingistolearntocontrolyourtempersothatyoumaynotdoorsayanythingyou'llregret.佳句输入五、定语——名词的修饰语定语是用来描述名词的品质与特征的修饰语，它常和名词构成名词短语。单个词作定语时常放在被修饰词之前，而短语和从句作定语时往往放在被修饰词之后。可以用作定语的有：形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、分词和从句等，加黑标出。①[2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达]I'msureitisagoodchancetoperformyourfavoritemusic.(形容词作定语)②[2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达]TheexhibitionwillbeheldintheCityMuseumlocatedinthenorthofourcity.(分词作定语)③[2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]I'maChinesestudentwhoistakingasummercourseinLondonnow.(从句作定语)佳句输出用加黑标出下列句子的定语。①[2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]I'mdeeplyconvincedthatIcanbeadevotedvolunteer.②[2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达]I'mwritingtotellyousomethingabouttheupcomingvolleyballtournament,whichisscheduledtobeheldinthenewstadiumnextmonth.③[2019·北京卷书面表达]Asforclothes,sun­protectivecoatsandhatswouldbenecessary.④Allthebooksofferedbythestudentsarereportedtohavebeensenttothechildreninthecountrysidetheotherday.①I'mdeeplyconvincedthatIcanbeadevotedvolunte