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Module2TrafficJamSectionⅢIntegratingSkills&CulturalCorner练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]TheLondonCongestion①Charge②Beijingisn'ttheonlycitywithtrafficproblems.Youcangetstuckin③atrafficjamanywhereintheworld.Theworstproblemsoccur④incitieswhicharegrowingfast⑤,suchas⑥SaoPaoloinBrazilandLagosinNigeria.Butevencitiesindevelopedcountries⑦suchastheUSsuffer⑧.LosAngeles,whichwasbuiltwiththemotorcarinmind⑨,andisfamousfor⑩itssixlanehighways,isnowtheUSA'smostcongested⑪city.InEuropemostcapitalcitieswereplannedandbuiltbeforecars,andcitycentretrafficjamshavebeenpartof⑫dailylifeforalongtime.ThesituationincentralLondon,wheredriversspentfiftypercentoftheirtimeinqueues⑬,becamesobadthat⑭thelocalgovernmentdecidedtodosomethingaboutit.InFebruary2003theMayorofLondon,KenLivingstone,introduceda“congestioncharge”—ataxforcarsenteringthecentreofthecity⑮.Theideaissimple:everycarcomingintothecentre⑯hastopay£5aday.Driverscanpaythechargeatanyof10,000paypoints⑰inthecapitalbefore10pm.Asthecarscomeintothecentre⑱,videocamerasrecordtheirregistration⑲numbers,andthesearecheckedwithalistof⑳driverswhohavepaidthechargeforthatday.Peoplewhodonotpaythechargewillfaceafineof£80.MostLondonersarenothappywiththeidea.TheyagreethatLondonhasatrafficproblem,butthecongestionchargeisexpensive,andlimitstheirfreedom...Butdoesthecongestionchargework?Asurveycarriedoutattheendof2003suggestsitdoes.Afteronlysixmonths,trafficcomingintocentralLondonwasreducedbyabout30percent,andjourneytimesby15percent.Morepeopleusedpublictransporttogettowork,andbicyclesweresuddenlyverypopular.What'smore,centralLondonshopsdidnotlosebusinesseventhoughtherewerefewercars.Butthereareafewpeoplewhothinkthechargeshouldbemuchhigher,forexamplerichbusinessmenwhoworkinthecitycentreandcaneasilyaffordit.ThiswouldkeepevenmorecarsoutofcentralLondon,andtheroadswouldbenearlyempty.However,therearenoplanstoincreasethecharge.[再记住]②chargen.费用freeofcharge免费③get/bestuckin陷入……④occurvi.发生;出现itoccurstosb.(that)...某人想到……⑤whicharegrowingfast是which引导的定语从句,修饰cities。⑥suchas例如(表示列举)⑦developedcountries发达国家⑧suffervi.遭受sufferfrom遭受……⑨whichwasbuilt...是which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰LosAngeles。从句中含有with复合结构:with+themotorcar+介词短语inmind。inmind表示“考虑在内”。⑩befamousfor因……而闻名⑪congestedadj.拥挤的;堵塞的⑫partof……的一部分⑬inqueues排队wheredriversspentfiftypercentof...是where引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词centralLondon,where在从句中作地点状语。⑭so...that...如此……以至于……⑮现在分词短语enteringthecentreofthecity作定语,修饰cars。⑯现在分词短语comingintothecentre作定语,修饰everycar。⑰paypoints在此处指“收费点”。⑱Asthecarscomeintothecentre是时间状语从句。⑳alistof……的清单定语从句whohavepaidthechargeforthatday修饰drivers。facev.面对;面临befacedwith面对inthefaceof面对afineof……的罚款benothappywith对……感到不高兴/不幸福agreev.同意;意见一致agree后可接介词to,with,on或that从句,也可直接跟不定式作宾语。workv.发挥作用;有效果surveyn.调查carryout/do/performasurvey进行一项调查过去分词短语carriedoutattheendof2003作定语,相当于定语从句which/thatwascarriedoutattheendof2003,修饰asurvey。suggest此处指“暗示,表明”,后接宾语从句时,从句不用虚拟语气。suggest表“建议”,后接宾语从句时,从句谓语用shoulddo,表示虚拟语气,should可以省略。does在此处是替代词,代替上文中出现的works。bereducedby被降低了……;被减少了……by表示程度,后接数字、百分数等。bereducedto被减少到……timen.次数use...todo用……做beusedtodo被用来做beusedtodoing习惯于做usedtodo过去常常做what'smore此外;另外相当于inaddition。eventhough/if“即使,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。whothinkthechargeshouldbemuchhigher是who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词afewpeople。定语从句whoworkinthecitycentre修饰richbusinessmen。affordv.负担得起;买得起affordtodo做某事负担得起keep...outof...使……不进入……increasev.增加;提高increaseby增加了……increaseto增加到……[再翻译]伦敦的交通拥堵费北京不是唯一有交通阻塞问题的城市。在世界任何地方你都可能遭遇堵车。发展快的城市问题最严重,如巴西的圣保罗和尼日利亚的拉各斯。但甚至在一些像美国这样的发达国家的城市里也有这样的问题。洛杉矶,一座在建设时就考虑了机动车辆并以其六车道公路闻名的城市,现在却是美国交通最拥挤的城市。大多数欧洲的首都城市在小汽车大量涌现之前就已规划建设好了,因此市中心的堵车长久以来成为人们日常生活的一部分。伦敦市中心的交通状况变得如此糟糕,司机们要用50%的时间来排队,于是当地政府决定就此采取一些措施。2003年2月,伦敦市长肯·利文斯通宣布进入市中心的车要交“交通拥堵费”。想法很简单:每辆进入市中心的车一天要交5英镑的费用。司机们可以在晚上10点之前在首都的10000个收费点中的任何一个上缴该费用。进入市区的小汽车都会被摄像机拍下车牌号码,用以检查当天司机是否缴费。不缴费者将会面临80英镑的罚款。大多数伦敦人对此都不开心。他们认为伦敦存在交通问题,但是“交通拥堵费”太高,而且限制了他们的自由……但是“交通拥堵费”发挥作用了吗?2003年年底进行的一项调查结果显示效果很不错。仅仅只是6个月之后,进入伦敦市中心的车减少了约30%,旅程的次数减少了15%。更多的人乘公共交通工具上班,自行车突然间流行起来。更值得一提的是,虽然车少了,但伦敦市中心的商铺并没有减少营业额。但是,有些人认为收费应该更高,(因为)像那些在市中心工作的富有的商务人士能轻松支付此项费用。这(收费更高)会避免更多的车辆进入伦敦市中心,道路也几乎会是空的。但是,伦敦还没有提高该费用的计划。通语篇学理解重分析2语篇理解Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1.WhydidtheMayorofLondonintroducethe“congestioncharge”?A.Toincreasetheincomeofthegovernment.B.Tosolvetheproblemoftrafficjam.C.TomakeLondonthebestcity.D.Toservetherich.2.Ifpeopledonotpaythecharge,theywill________.A.beunhappyB.befinedfor£5adayC.havenofreedomD.befinedfor£803.What'sa“congestioncharge”?A.Ataxwhichisnotexpensive.B.Ataxfortaxesonly.C.Ataxforcarsenteringthecenterofthecity.D.Afineforthosewhodon'tobeythetrafficrules.4.Wecaninferfromthetextthat________.A.citiesindevelopedcountriessufferlesstrafficproblemsB.LondonwasplannedandbuiltbeforecarsC.driverscanpaythechargeatanytimeD.thecongestionchargewillbereducedsoon答案:1~4BDCB记单词记短语记句型3基础梳理记住新知识基础词汇1._____vt.吹响(乐器、号角等)2._____n.心情;心境重点词汇拓展词汇3.______vi.反应→reactionn.反应4._________n.解答;答案→solvev.解决;解答blowmoodreactsolution记住新知识重点词汇阅读词汇5.roadworkn.__________________6.hornn.____________7.congestionn.____________8.registrationn.____________(常作复数)道路施工喇叭;号角拥
本文标题:2020年高中英语 Module 2 Traffic Jam Section Ⅲ Integrati
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