2020版高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the star

主语从句[新知导引]理解下列加黑词的词性及含意1．(教材P25)Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.2．(教材P25)Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.3．(教材P26)Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.4．(教材P26)Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.5．(教材P26)Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.6．(教材P26)Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.[共性呈现]1．以上从句都是________。2．1句中的what在从句中作_____，3句中的what在从句中作_____，但5句中的what在从句中作_____。3．2、6句中的whether意为：_____。4．4句中it是__________，真正的_____是后面that引导的从句。主语从句表语主语宾语是否形式主语主语[知识详解]一、定义在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。Howtheearthcameintoexistenceremainsamysterytous.地球是如何形成的对我们来说仍然是一个谜。Itworriedthewomanthathersonwasalwaysplayingcomputergames.儿子一直在玩电脑游戏，这让这位女士很担心。二、引导主语从句的连接词引导主语从句的连接词有三类：从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。1．连接词that和whether/if(1)that引导的主语从句Thatmyparentsalwaystreatmeasalittlechildmakesmeveryunhappy.我的父母总是像对待小孩子那样对我让我很不开心。Thatthecollegewilltakeinmorenewstudentsthisyearistrue.今年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。(2)whether/if引导的主语从句Whetherhecanfinishhistaskontimeisofgreatimportance.他是否能按时完成他的任务非常重要。Whetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldisnotcertainnow.运动会是否将举行现在还不确定。[温馨提示](1)that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，无词义，只起连接作用。(2)whether在从句中不充当任何成分，起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略。[即时演练1]用适当的连接词填空(1)________shewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.(2)________wewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.(3)________shebecameafamousphysicistmadeherparentsveryhappy.(4)________wegotherebytrainorbyairmakesnodifference.ThatWhetherThatWhether2．连接代词引导主语从句连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。常见的连接代词有who,whose,whom,what,which,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever等。Whowillbringupthechildhasn'tbeendecidedyet.谁来抚养这个孩子还没有决定。Whichlifestyleisthemostbeneficialtoourhealthisstillunknown.还不知道哪种生活方式对我们的健康最有利。Whoeverlovestheirchildrenwillbelovedbytheirchildren.爱孩子的父母会被孩子爱。Whateveryoudoshoulddonoharmtoothers.无论你做什么都不应该伤害别人。[即时演练2]用适当的连接词填空(1)________movedmemostdeeplywasthedeeplovebetweentheboyandhisparents.(2)________partofthecountryhewilltraveltoneedsdiscussing.(3)________hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybody.(4)________wantstowintheelectionwillfacelotsofdifficulties.WhatWhichWhatWhoever3．连接副词引导主语从句连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。连接副词有when,where,why,how等。Howthebookwillbesolddependsonitsauthor.这本书如何销售取决于作者本人。Whereweshallhavethemeetingmakesnodifference.我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。[温馨提示]主语从句中连接词的选择技巧：(1)根据连接词在从句中所作的语法成分。(2)根据连接词在从句中的意义。[即时演练3]用适当的连接词填空(1)________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.(2)________thevaluablepaintingswerehiddenisstillamystery.(3)________theywillhavethesportsmeetingisstillaquestion,fortheyhavesomanythingstodo.(4)________hewasabsentfromthemeetingremainsamystery.HowWhereWhenWhy4．主语从句与形式主语it有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在含有主语从句的复合句中使用形式主语it,而将真正的主语从句移至句末。常见的用形式主语it的主语从句结构有：(1)Itbe＋名词词组＋主语从句．常用于这种句型的名词有apity,ashame,afact,anhonour,awonder,nowonder等。Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.她犯了这样一个错误，真是遗憾。(2)Itbe＋形容词＋主语从句．[2018·江苏卷]It'sstrangethatheshouldhavetakenthebookswithouttheowner'spermission.真奇怪，他居然没有得到主人的允许就把书拿走了。(3)Itbe＋过去分词＋主语从句．Itisbelievedthatatleast20buildingsweredamagedordestroyed.人们认为，至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉。(4)It＋不及物动词(happen，seem,appear,etc.)＋主语从句．IthappenedthatIhadbeenawaywhenhecalled.他打电话时，我碰巧不在家。(5)It＋及物动词＋宾语＋that从句．Itsurprisedmethatourparentswouldn'tliketoacceptnewthings.让我吃惊的是我们的父母不愿意接受新事物。[即时演练4]用适当的连接词填空(1)It'sknown________knowledgeistreasureandpracticeisthekeytosuccess.(2)Itremainstobeseen________theycantalkhimover.(3)It'sreported________threepeoplewerekilledintheaccidentandfivewerebadlyhurt.thatwhetherthatⅠ.用适当的连接词填空1．Itisobvioustothestudents________theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.2．________parentssayanddohasalife­longeffectontheirchildren.3．________TomwillwinthecomputercompetitionremainsasecrettillnextMonday.4．Itissuggested________themeetingshouldbeputoff.5．________we'llgocampingtomorrowornotdependsontheweather.thatWhatWhetherthatWhether6．________getstothehomefirststartscookingthesupper.7．________hegaveupthechanceofstudyingabroadisunknown.8．________mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.9．Accordingtotherules，________failstoreturnthebooksontimewillhavetheiraccountsfrozen.10．________Peterwonthefirstprizeinthefinalexaminationsurprisedallofus.WhoeverWhyWhatwhoeverThat11．________movedmemostinthisfilmwasthattheboygaveallhismoneytothehomeless.12．________hewillattendthemeetingornottomorrowdependsonhistimeschedule.13．Itisagreatpity________LiYong,afamoushostinCCTV,diedofcancerattheageoffifty.14．________hemanagedtofinishthetaskbyhimselfisstillamysterytome.15．________hewillcomebackfromCanadaisn'tknown,soIwillcallhimuptochecktheexacttime.WhatWhetherthatHowWhenⅡ.语法与写作1．使林先生兴奋的是读者给予他的新书很高的评价。_________________________wasthathisnewbookwashighlypraisedbyreaders.2．使张女士担心的事情是她的女儿没有回家。ItworriedMrs.Zhang_________________________________.3．我们得不到的看起来比我们拥有的好。_______________seemsbetterthanwhatwehave.4．这个计划是否会实施还不知道。Itisstillunknow