2020版高中英语 Unit 2 Working the land Section Ⅳ Learni

SectionⅣLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguageⅠ.核心单词根据词义写出正确的单词1．n.遗憾；懊悔vt.遗憾；惋惜2．n.害虫；害兽；害鸟3．n.土壤4．n.根；根源5．n.焦点；中心点vt.集中；聚焦6．vt.减少；减缩7．n.评论；议论vi.&vt.表达意见；作出评论8．vt.画底线标出；强调regretpestsoilrootfocusreducecommentunderlineⅡ.拓展词汇根据词义写出正确的单词，并牢记拓展词汇1．vt.使迷惑；使为难→confusingadj.令人迷惑的→confusedadj.感到迷惑的→confusionn．迷惑2．adj.化学的；关于化学的→chemistryn．化学→chemistn．化学家；药剂师3．n．生产；制造→producevt.生产；制造→producern．生产者；制片人4．n．发现；发觉→discovervt.发现；发觉；观察，观测5．n．总结；摘要；概要→summarizevt.总结；概述confusechemicalproductiondiscoverysummaryⅢ.阅读词汇写出下列单词的汉语意义1．organicadj.2．fertilizern.3．bacterian.(bacterium的复数形式)4．nutritionn.5．mineraln.6．skimvt.7．industrialadj.8．soybeann.有机的；器官的；组织的肥料；化肥细菌营养；滋养；食物矿物；矿石浏览工业的；产业的大豆Ⅳ.重点短语根据汉语意思补全短语1．需要2．逐渐增强；建立；开发3．导致；造成(后果)4．另外5．集中(注意力、精力等)于6．使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)inneedofbuildupleadtoinadditionfocusonkeep...freefrom/ofⅤ.重点句型1．句型公式：v.­ing作结果状语Cropssuchaspeasorsoybeansputimportantmineralsbackintothesoil，forcropssuchaswheatorcornthatneedrichandfertilesoil.像豌豆或大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于要求土壤肥沃的农作物，比如小麦或玉米。makingitready2．句型公式：完成进行时havebeendoingRecently,however,scientiststhatlong­termuseofthesefertilizerscancausedamagetothelandand,evenmoredangerous，topeople'shealth.然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土壤受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。havebeenfinding3．句型公式：too...to...“太……而不能……”Inaddition,fruit,vegetablesandotherfoodgrownwithchemicalfertilizersusuallygrowfullofmuchnutrition.toofasttobeReadthetext(P14)carefullyandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.Ⅰ.Readthetextandmatchthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para.1A．Problemscausedbychemicalfertilizers.Para.2B．Farmersandcustomersturntoorganicfarming.Para.3C．Long­termuseofchemicalfertilizerscancausedamagetothelandandpeople'shealth.Para.4D．Othermethodstokeepthesoilfertile.CABDⅡ.Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．Fromthepassage,wecanseeorganicfarmersarethosewho________.A．growcropswithchemicalfertilizersB．growcropswithnaturalfertilizersC．produceorganicfertilizersD．carefortheenvironment答案：B2．Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowthat________.A．it'snotgoodtoplantgrassbetweencropsB．peanutsusethesurfaceofsoilC．peasandsoybeansshouldbegrowntogetherwithcornandwheatD．vegetablesthatputdowndeeprootsareharmfultothesoil答案：B3．________sothatthesoilmaynotgetexhausted.A．FarmersgrowthesamecropsyearafteryearB．FarmersusenaturalfertilizersC．FarmerschangecropseverytwoorthreeyearsD．Farmersusechemicalfertilizers答案：C4．Howmanywaysdotheorganicfarmershavetokeeptheirsoilfertileandhealthy?A．3.B．4.C．5.D．6.答案：BCHEMICAL①ORORGANIC②FARMING?Overthepasthalfcentury,usingchemicalfertilizers③hasbecomeverycommoninfarming.【1】Manyfarmerswelcomedthemasagreatwaytostopcropdiseaseandincreaseproduction④.Recently,however,scientistshavebeenfinding【2】thatlong­termuseofthesefertilizerscancausedamagetothelandand,evenmoredangerous,topeople'shealth.【1】“overthepast＋时间段”常与现在完成时连用；v­ing短语usingchemicalfertilizers在此作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。【2】此处使用了现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，而且还会继续进行。Whataresomeoftheproblemscausedbychemicalfertilizers【3】？First,theydamagethelandbykillingthehelpfulbacteria⑤andpests⑥aswellastheharmfulones.Chemicalsalsostayinthegroundandundergroundwaterforalongtime.Thisaffectscropsand,therefore,animalsandhumans,sincechemicalsgetinsidethecropsandcannotjustbewashedoff⑦.Thesechemicalsinthefoodsupplybuildup⑧inpeople'sbodiesovertime.Manyofthesechemicalscanleadto⑨cancerorotherillnesses.Inaddition,fruit,vegetablesandotherfoodgrownwithchemicalfertilizersusuallygrowtoofasttobefullofmuchnutrition⑩.【4】Theymaylookbeautiful,butinsidethereisusuallymorewaterthanvitaminsandminerals⑪.【3】过去分词短语causedbychemicalfertilizers作后置定语，相当于定语从句that/whicharecausedbychemicalfertilizers。【4】本句中过去分词短语grownwithchemicalfertilizers作后置定语，相当于定语从句that/whicharegrownwithchemicalfertilizers;本句中还包含一个“too...to...”结构，表示“太……而不能……”。Withthesediscoveries⑫，somefarmersandmanycustomersarebeginningtoturntoorganicfarming.Organicfarmingissimplyfarmingwithoutusinganychemicals.Theyfocuson⑬keepingtheirsoil⑭richandfreeofdisease.Ahealthysoilreduces⑮diseaseandhelpscropsgrowstrongandhealthy.Organicfarmers,therefore,oftenpreferusingnaturalwastefromanimalsasfertilizer.Theyfeelthatthismakesthesoilintheirfieldsricherinmineralsandsomorefertile⑯.Thisalsokeepstheair,soil,waterandcropsfreefrom⑰chemicals.Organicfarmersalsousemanyothermethodstokeepthesoilfertile【5】.Theyoftenchangethekindofcropineachfieldeveryfewyears,forexample,growingcornorwheatandthenthenextyearpeasorsoybeans⑱【6】.Cropssuchaspeasorsoybeansputimportantmineralsbackintothesoil,makingitreadyforcropssuchaswheatorcornthatneedrichandfertilesoil【7】.Organicfarmersalsoplantcropstousedifferentlevelsofsoil,forexample,plantingpeanutsthatusetheground'ssurfacefollowedbyvegetablesthatputdowndeeproots⑲【8】.Someorganicfarmerspreferplantinggrassbetweencropstopreventwindorwaterfromcarryingawaythesoil,andthenleavingitinthegroundtobecomeanaturalfertilizer【9】forthenextyear'scrop.Thesemanydifferentorganicfarmingmethodshavethesamegoal:togrowgoodfoodandavoiddamagingtheenvironmentorpeople'shealth【10】．【5】动词不定式短语tokeepthesoilfertile作目的状语；其中keepthesoilfertile是“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构。【6】thenextyear与peasorsoybeans之间省略了growing。【7】现