2020版高考英语二轮复习 专题一 语法运用 第三节 重难增分一 谓语动词课件

专题一语法运用第三节核心考点讲练通重难增分一谓语动词动词的时态、语态是考查谓语动词时的必考点，考生在答题时如果分析不到位或相关知识欠缺，则容易出现错误。解答时一定要注意句中的时间状语、并列谓语动词、隐含的语境及要表达的主动或被动含义，从而找到解题的突破口，同时要考虑动词过去式和完成式适当形式的变化。往年高考真题在语态考查时，主要集中在一般现在时和一般过去时上。语法填空中的谓语动词[高考这样考]1．(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene____________(declare)shehadnoplanstoretirefromher36yearoldbusiness.2．(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Onthelastdayofourweeklongstay，we____________(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，listeningtomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.3．(2019·高考浙江卷)Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform，nobody____________(have)toworryaboutfashion(时尚)．4．(2019·高考北京卷)Onthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade，Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.I____________(voice)mybiggestconcerntomymother,“HowwillImakefriends？”5.(2018·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Since2011,thecountry____________(grow)morecornthanrice.[题目这么解]1．如何判定填谓语形式：一个句子无论是主句还是从句，必须要有谓语。若句中没有谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但空处所需词与之是并列关系，空处就用谓语动词。2．填什么样的谓语形式：(1)做“时态”题看“时间”，做“语态”题看“主语”。谓语动词要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致。时态主要根据时间标志词(如题5)、有无并列关系、主从句时态呼应(如题1)及上下文语境(如题3，题4)来把握；语态主要看主语是动作的执行者还是承受者(如题2)；(2)要注意时态或语态变化时动词的拼写形式，需不需要双写，要不要大写首字母等；(3)特殊句型中时态需要特别关注。自我诊断：1.declared2.wereinvited3.has/willhave4.voiced5.hasgrown[类题对点练]1．(2019·湖南浏阳六校联考)ThetraditionalChinesemarriageusuallyinvolves(involve)somenecessaryprocedures，suchasmatchmaking，engagements，meetingthebride，andthreebows.2．(2019·山西太原期中)Sofar，thegovernmenthas_offered(offer)taxreductionforbookstorestoencouragethedevelopmentofphysicalbookstores.3．China'sFivehundredmeterApertureSphericairadioTelescopewill_remain(remain)thegloballeaderforthenext10to20years.4．AccordingtoTheOxfordGuidetoContemporaryWorldLiterature，JinYong'snovelsare_considered(consider)tobeofveryhighquality.5．Shouldnapsactuallybe_taken(take)duringtheday?短文改错中的谓语动词[高考这样考]1．(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)OnewasthatIwasamazedatthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchbetterafterseeingadoctor.AndtheotheristhatIwantedtohelppeopleinneed.____________2．(2019·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Nowmydreamistoopenacafe.Thoughitmayappearsimple，itrequiredalotofideasandefforts.____________3．(2018·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttothecountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.Ifindabigchangethere.____________4．(2018·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Theywouldsaytomethatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIunwillingtoplaythegameswiththemsometimes.____________[题目这么解]1．明确常错类型：动词时态的不统一与语态错误混用；主谓一致错误；情态动词后的动词形式错误；2．具体判定方式：(1)上下文时态是否一致，主从时态是否呼应(如题1，题2，题3)；(2)并列谓语形式是否一致；(3)过去式与过去分词形式是否正确；(4)主谓、动宾关系要分明；(5)be动词的缺失或多余(如题4)；自我诊断：1.is→was2.required→requires3.find→found4.unwilling前加was[类题对点练]1．(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor'sorders,butonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.答案：Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor'sorders,butonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoeswentblank.2．(2019·福建泉港、南安联考)Consequently，insteadofgivingusimmediateanswers，heisalwaysencouragedustothinkbyourselveswheneverheputsforwardquestions.答案：Consequently，insteadofgivingusimmediateanswers，heisalwaysencouragedencouragingustothinkbyourselveswheneverheputsforwardquestions.3．(2019·安徽江淮十校二次联考)Sheencouragesustothinkindependentlyandhavediscussionsamongourselveswhenwefacedwithproblems.答案：Sheencouragesustothinkindependentlyandhavediscussionsamongourselveswhenwe∧arefacedwithproblems.4．IamrememberthefirsttimemyparentsandItalkedaboutmydreamofbecomingawriter.答案：IamrememberthefirsttimemyparentsandItalkedaboutmydreamofbecomingawriter.谓语动词的核心知识提炼一、时间状语标志词1．看到always,everytime,nowandthen,often，seldom,sometimes，usually等表示频率的时间状语，要想到用一般现在时；2．看到yesterday，lastweek,twodaysago,theotherday,in1998,justnow,onceuponatime等时间状语，要想到用一般过去时；3．看到tomorrow,nextyear,inaweek等时间状语，要想到用一般将来时；4．看到thenextday/morning,thenext/followingweek/month/year等时间状语，要想到用过去将来时；5．看到allthetime,now,at4o'clock,atthismoment,atpresent等时间状语，要想到用现在进行时；6．看到atthattime，atthistimeyesterday,atfiveyesterday,thewholemorning等时间状语，要想到用过去进行时；7．看到atthistimetomorrow,from1：30to4：30tomorrow等时间状语，要想到用将来进行时；8．看到since,recently,lately,already,in/for/duringthelast/pastfewyears,sofar,uptonow,duringthepast/last＋时间段等时间状语，要想到用现在完成时；Progresshasbeenverygoodsofarandwearesurethattheworkwillbefinishedontime.到目前为止，工作进展得很顺利，我们确信一定会按时完工。9．看到bythattime,bytheendof＋过去时间，before2000，bythetime＋一般过去时的从句等时间状语，要想到用过去完成时；10．看到bythetime＋一般现在时的从句，bytheendof＋表将来时间的名词，by＋表将来时间的名词等时间状语，要想到用将来完成时。二、并列关系标志词并列连词and,but,aswellas,or,orelse,both...and...,neither...nor...,either...or...,notonly...but(also)．..,ratherthan等以及从属连词than可连接两个平行的结构。平行的另外一个结构与所选谓语动词的先后关系，决定着所选动词的时态。Whenfacingtheeither­orsituation,Ismiledanddecidedtotrustmyheart.当面对非此即彼的情况时，我笑了笑并决定相信自己的心声。三、记准常考的固定句式1．看到nosooner...than...或hardly...when...，要想到主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。Hardlyhadthespeakerfinishedhisspeechwhentheaudiencekeptaskinghimquestions.演讲者一结束他的讲话，观众就不停地向他提问。2．看到并列连词when，要想到was/weredoingsth.when...；beabouttodosth.when...等句式。Oneday,Iwasabouttodosomeshoppingwhenhetelephonedme.一天，我正要去购物，这时他给我打电话了。3．看到It/This/Thatis＋the＋序数词＋time＋that从句，要想到从句用现在完成时。Thisisthethirdtimethatyouhavebeenlatethismonth.这是本月你第三次迟到。4．看到It/This/Thatwas＋the＋序数词＋time＋that从句，要想到从句用过去完成时。ThatwasthefirsttimethatIhadgoneabroad