2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 5 The power of nature Section

Unit5ThepowerofnatureSectionⅣGrammar&Writing动词ing形式作状语第一板块单元语法用所给动词的适当形式填写下面的句子并体会它们的共同特征。1．_______________(work)hardallday，Iwenttobedearly.2．_________________(collect)specialclothesfromtheobservatory，weputthemonbeforewewentanycloser.3．___________(look)carefullyattheground，Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.HavingworkedHavingcollectedLooking4．Sometimes___________(work)outdoors,sometimesinanoffice,sometimes___________(use)scientificequipmentandsometimes___________(meet)localpeopleandtourists,Iamneverbored.workingusingmeeting考点一动词­ing的基本形式分类主动形式被动形式否定形式一般式doingbeingdonenotdoingnotbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendonenothavingdonenothavingbeendone1.动词­ing的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行。Myfathersatthere，readinganewspaper.我父亲坐在那儿看报纸。(两个动作同时发生)2．动词­ing的完成式所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成了。Havingfinishedthehomework，hewenttoplaybasketball.完成功课后，他就去打篮球。(先完成功课，然后再打篮球)3．动词­ing的被动式表示该动作与句子主语之间是被动关系。Beingunemployed,hehasn'tgotmuchmoney.由于失业了，他没有多少钱。Havingbeenaskedtwice，hestoppedtohavearest.被要求两次，他才停下来休息。4．动词­ing的否定式一定要在­ing动词前加not：notdoing/notbeingdone或nothavingdone/nothavingbeendone。Notknowinghowtoworkoutthedifficultphysicsproblem,heaskedtheteacherforhelp.因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他求助了老师。Nothavingfinishedhishomework，theboywasnotallowedtowatchTVplay.由于没有做完作业，男孩不被允许看电视剧。考点二动词­ing作状语的基本用法1．表示时间。动词­ing在句中作时间状语，可对应转化为when，while，after等引导的时间状语从句。Whencrossingtheroad(＝Whenyoucrosstheroad)，youmustbecareful.过马路时你必须小心点。Havingfinishedhiswork(＝Afterhefinishedhiswork)，hewenttothetheater.干完活后他去看戏了。2．表示原因。动词­ing在句中作原因状语，可对应转化为as，since，because等引导的原因状语从句。Beingafriendofyours(＝AsIamafriendofyours)，Imusttellyouthetruth.作为你的朋友，我必须告诉你真相。(原因)Havinglivedinthecitymanyyears(＝SinceIhadlivedinthecitymanyyears)，Iknewitwell.因为在这个城市住了多年，所以我对它很了解。3．表示伴随或方式。动词­ing作伴随或方式状语，说明动作发生的背景或情况。它表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生。作伴随或方式的动词­ing短语相当于and连接的并列成分。Theywalkedhome，singinganddancing(＝andtheysanganddanced)．他们唱着，跳着走回了家。Shecameintotheroom，carryingalotofbooks(＝andcarriedalotofbooks)．她抱着许多书走进了房间。4．表示条件(一般位于句首)。动词­ing作条件状语，相当于if，once等引导的条件状语从句。Workinghard(＝Ifyouworkhard)，youwillsucceed.如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。Turningtotheleft(＝Ifyouturntotheleft)，youwillfindthepathleadingtotheschool.如果你向左转，你就会找到去学校的小路。5．表示让步。动词­ing作让步状语，相当于though，although等引导的让步状语从句。Knowingallthis(＝Althoughtheyknewallthis)，theymademepayforthedamage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。6．表示结果。动词­ing作结果状语表示必然的结果，它常常位于句末，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句。Hisfatherdied，leavinghimalotofmoney(＝andlefthimalotofmoney)．他的爸爸去世了，留给他很多钱。(结果)考点三动词­ing形式作状语的几个注意点1．动词­ing作状语时，在其前可加上when，while，once，aslongas/solongas，unless，before，after，since，until，though，although，asif/asthough，evenif/eventhough等，表示特殊的含义。Don'tbecarelesswhen/whilehavinganexam.考试时不要粗心。Thoughlivingmilesaway，heattendedthecourse.虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。2．独立主格结构：动词­ing形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致，否则要在动词­ing形式前加上其自身的逻辑主语构成独立主格结构。Weatherpermitting，thefootballmatchwillbeheldonFriday.天气允许的话，足球赛将在周五举行。Theprofessorbeingabsent，thelecturehadtobeputoff.教授缺席了，演讲不得不推迟。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Locatedinthecitycenter,theexhibitionhallenjoysveryconvenienttransport，___________(attract)manyvisitorseveryday.2．______________________(fail)toreachthemonthephone，wesentane­mailinstead.3．___________________(translate)intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.attractingHavingfailedHavingbeentranslated4．_________________________(receive)areply，hedecidedtowriteanotherlettertothepersonnelmanagerabouthisjobapplication.5．___________(arrive)atthefactory,theyimmediatelysettowork.6．(2019·广东广州期末)Thebellindicatingtheendoftheperiodrang，___________(interrupt)ourheateddiscussion.NothavingreceivedArrivinginterrupting7．(2019·江苏连云港期末)________________________(convince)themselvesthatlearningtoplaychesscandevelopthemind,manyparentsdecidedtosendtheirchildrentolearnchess.8．(2019·江苏四校期中联考)__________________(rid)himselfoftheaddictiontotheonlinegames,theboyhasdifficultycatchingupwithhisclassmates.HavingconvincedNothavingrid9．(2019·江苏泰州期中)TomlookedatJenny，tears___________(fill)hiseyes,andshoutedoutthewordskeptinhisheartforyears.10．(2019·北京朝阳区期中)__________________(work)inseveralcountries，theyoungmanseemstohavetheexperiencewe'relookingfor.fillingHavingworkedⅡ.单句改错1．Notknowhistelephonenumber,shehassomedifficultygettingintouchwithTom._____________________2．Felttired,Iclosedmyeyesandimaginedlyingonabeachinthesunshine.______________________3．Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfultocommunicationtoo.____________________________know→knowingFelt→Feelingspeak→speaking4．Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.______________________5．“Can'tyouread？”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall._____________________6．Itrainedheavily，causedseverefloodsinthearea.______________________made→makingpointed→pointingcaused→causingⅢ.语法与写作1．______________________________________________(得知你对中国历史很感兴趣)，Ifeelveryhappyandproudofyou.2．MyEnglishisjustOKandthetwomainproblemsinmystudyarethatIfeelitdifficulttolearnwordsbyheart，andthatIoftenfeelnervous______________________(当说英语的时候)．3．Thesedays，breakingtrafficrulesandlitteringarenotuncommon，____________________________(造成严重的伤害)tolife