2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela Section Ⅲ Gr

SectionⅢGrammar—定语从句(Ⅱ)语法图解探究发现1．ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.2．Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.3．Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.4．TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometresaway.5．However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.6．ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.7．...untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.8．...wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.[我的发现](1)关系副词在定语从句中作时间状语(句1、5、6)；关系副词在定语从句中作地点状语(句4、7)。(2)在“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句中，用于指代物(句3、8)；用于指代人(句2)。whenwherewhichwhom一、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词的指代及功能关系副词先行词功能when表示时间的名词时间状语where表示地点的名词地点状语whyreason原因状语1.关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。Thereareoccasionswhenonemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。2．关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。ThisistheschoolwhereIgraduated.这就是我毕业的学校。3．关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语。ThereasonwhyIdon'ttrusthimisthatheoftentellslies.我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。[点津]表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。Isthisthereason(that)heexplainedforhisrudenessatthemeeting?这是他在会议上解释的无礼的原因吗？即时演练1选词填空：when/where/why①TheVoiceofChinahassetupastagesomepeoplecanachievetheirdreams.②AprilFool'sDayisatraditionalfestivalpeopleplayharmlessjokesonothers.③Canyouexplainthereasonyoudon'thelphim?wherewhenwhy二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句1．若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。TradingleathershoesisthebusinesstowhichtheGreensaredevoted.皮鞋生意是格林一家所致力于的事业。IwishtothankProfessorSmith,withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.我希望感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助，我永远不会走这么远。2．该结构中介词的选用(1)一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：①先行词的搭配Thisisthecamerawithwhichheoftentakesphotos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配Isthisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice?这就是你高价买的汽车吗？③句子的意思Thisisthepilotwithwhommyfatherhasworkedfortenyears.这就是和我爸爸一起工作了十年的那位飞行员。(2)表示“整体和部分关系”，介词常用of。常见结构：在some,any,few,little,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each等代词或数词的前、后可以用ofwhich/whom。Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostofwhomarefamilymembers.约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，他们当中绝大部分是家庭成员。(3)有时“介词＋where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。Hisheadsoonappearedoutofthewindow,fromwherehesawnothingbuttrees.他的头很快从窗口探了出来，从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。(fromwhere相当于fromoutofthewindow，而不是fromthewindow)即时演练22－1.在下面的句子中填入适当的介词①ThegirlwhomyoutalkedjustnowisourEnglishteacher.②Thisisthehousewhichwelivedlastyear.③ThebosswhosecompanyMr.Kingworkedhadheardabouttheaccident.to/withinin2－2.用适当的介词对比填空④ThisisthebookwhichIspent10yuan.⑤ThisisthebookwhichIpaid10yuan.⑥IstillrememberthedaywhichIfirstcametothisschool.⑦DoyouremembertheyearwhichyoufirstvisitedBeijing?onforonin[链接高考]单句语法填空1．(2019·天津高考改编)Theirchildisatthestageshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.2．(2019·江苏高考改编)Wehaveenteredintoanagedreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.3．(2018·江苏高考改编)Self­drivingisanareaChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.wherewhenwhere4．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid­1980s,IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.5．(2015·北京高考改编)OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch,youcanhearsomelovelymusic.whenwhere[演练提能]Ⅰ.句型转换1．Thehousehasbeenpulleddown.Helivedinthehouse10yearsago.→Thehousehelived10yearsagohasbeenpulleddown.2．Thereisatableinthehouse.Therearesomeapplesonit.→Thereisatableinthehousetherearesomeapples.3．Wesettleddowninasmallvillage.Infrontofthevillageranawindingriver.→Wesettleddowninasmallvillageranawindingriver.where(inwhich)onwhichinfrontofwhich4．Shehasthreesons.Allofhersonsareabroadnow.→Shehasthreesonsandareabroadnow.5．Therearesixtystudentsinourclass.Thirtyofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.→Therearesixtystudentsinourclass,aregirls.6．Theschoolliesintheeastofthetown.Heoncestudiedintheschool.→Theschoolheoncestudiedliesintheeastofthetown.7．Doyourememberthedays？Onthosedaysweplayedtogether.→Doyourememberthedaysweplayedtogether?allofthemthirtyofwhomwherewhen8．We'llgotohearthefamoussinger.Wehaveoftentalkedaboutthefamoussinger.→We'llgotohearthefamoussingerwehaveoftentalked.9．Themanismyfriend.Youtalkedwiththeman.→Themanyoutalkedismyfriend.10．Theplaneisverycomfortable.WeflewtoShanghaiintheplane.→TheplaneweflewtoShanghaiisverycomfortable.aboutwhomwithwhominwhichⅡ.完成句子1．Listeningandspeakingareveryimportantforalanguagelearning,.听和说对于一门语言学习非常重要，通过此种方式你一定会取得很大进步。2．Ourclassalsohasproblemsofitsown,.我们班也有自身具有的问题，其中最明显的是学生的懒惰。3．Duringholidayseasons,Iwillliveinthecountryside,.在假期，我会住在乡下，那里空气新鲜而且人们友好。bywhichyouaresuretomakegreatprogressofwhichthemostobviousoneisthestudents'lazinesswheretheairisfreshandpeoplearefriendly4．Ithinkthereasonmaybethehighpressureofstudy.我认为你总是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。5．Thedayfromabroadisthehappiestdayintheboy'slife.父亲从国外回来的那一天是这个男孩一生中最幸福的一天。6．Lastweek,twopeoplecametolookatthehouse,it.上周，有两个人来看了这间房子，两人都想把它买下来。whyyouarealwaysangrywhen/onwhichhisfatherreturnedbothofwhomwantedtobuy7．Idon'tknowthereasonthewell­paidjob.我不知道为什么他拒绝了这份高收入的工作。8．Theyhavecometoanimporta