2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 4 Body language Section Ⅳ Lea

SectionⅣLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage[读文清障][原文呈现]SHOWINGOURFEELINGSBodylanguageisoneofthemostpowerfulmeansofcommunication,oftenevenmorepowerfulthanspokenlanguage.Peoplearoundtheworldshowallkindsoffeelings,wishesandattitudesthattheymightneverspeakaloud①.①that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的三个先行词(feelings,wishes,attitudes)。[读文清障][原文呈现]Itispossibleto“read”othersaroundus,②eveniftheydonotintendforustocatch③theirunspoken④communication.Ofcourse,bodylanguagecanbemisread⑤，butmanygesturesandactionsareuniversal.②evenif引导让步状语从句。③intendforsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事④unspoken/ʌn'spəʊkən/adj.未说出口的；非口语的⑤misread/ˌmIs'riːd/vt.(misread/mIs'red/,misread)读错；误解[读文清障][原文呈现]Themostuniversalfacial⑥expressionis,ofcourse,thesmile—itsfunction⑦is⑧toshowhappinessandputpeopleatease⑨.Itdoesnotalwaysmeanthatwearetruly⑩happy,however.⑥facial/'feIʃl/adj.面部的⑦function/'fʌŋkʃn/n.作用；功能；职能vi.起作用；运转⑧动词不定式短语toshowhappinessandput...作表语。⑨atease舒适；快活；自由自在ease/iːz/n.安逸；舒适vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)putsb.atease使某人自由自在；使某人安心⑩truly/'truːlI/adv.真实地；真诚地；真正地[读文清障][原文呈现]Smilesaroundtheworldcanbefalse⑪，⑫hidingotherfeelingslikeanger⑬，fearorworry.Thereareunhappysmiles,suchaswhensomeone“losesface⑭”andsmilestohideit.However,thegeneralpurposeofsmilingistoshowgoodfeelings.⑪false/fɔːls/adj.错误的；假的(反义词true)⑫现在分词短语hiding...orworry作结果状语。⑬anger/'æŋɡə/n.怒气；怒火inanger生气地，愤怒地⑭loseface丢脸saveface保全面子表达我们的情感[第1～2段译文]身体语言是最强有力的交际手段之一，甚至经常比口头语言更有力量。世界各地的人们表达各种各样的情感、愿望和态度，而这些他们可能从来不会大声说出来。“读懂”我们周围的人(的心思)是有可能的，即使他们并不想让我们理解他们没有说出来的信息。当然，身体语言可能会被误读，但是很多手势和动作都具有普遍性。最普遍使用的面部表情当然是微笑，它的作用是表示快乐和安人心境。然而微笑并不总是意味着我们是真的快乐。世界上的微笑可能是假的，用来掩饰其他情绪，比如生气、害怕或担忧。还有不愉快的微笑，比如当某人“丢了面子”时就会用微笑来掩饰。但是，微笑的一般目的就是表达好的情绪。[读文清障][原文呈现]Fromthetimewearebabies,weshowunhappinessorangerbyfrowning⑮.Inmostplacesaroundtheworld,⑯frowningandturningone'sbackto⑰someoneshowsanger.Makingafist⑱andshakingitalmostalwaysmeansthatsomeoneisangryandthreateninganotherperson.⑮frown/'fraʊn/vi.皱眉；蹙额⑯frowningandturning...与makingafistandshakingit都是动名词短语在句中作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。⑰turnone'sbackto背对⑱fist/fIst/n.拳头[读文清障][原文呈现]Therearemanywaysaroundtheworldtoshowagreement,butnoddingtheheadupanddown⑲isusedforagreementalmostworldwide.Mostpeoplealsounderstandthatshakingtheheadfromsidetosidemeansdisagreementorrefusal.⑲动名词短语noddingtheheadupanddown在句中作主语。[读文清障][原文呈现]Howaboutshowingthat⑳Iambored?○21Lookingawayfrom○22peopleoryawning○23will,inmostcases○24，makemeappeartobeuninterested.However,ifIturntowardandlookatsomeoneorsomething,peoplefromalmosteveryculturewillthinkthatIaminterested.IfIrollmyeyesandturnmyheadaway,Imostlikely○25donotbelievewhatIamhearingordonotlikeit.⑳Howabout(doing)sth.？(做)某事怎么样？该句式表示征询意见，或用于提出建议。相当于“Whatabout(doing)sth.？”。○21动名词短语lookingawayfrompeople作主语。○22lookawayfrom把目光从……移开，不看○23yawn/jɔːn/vi.打呵欠○24inmostcases在大多数情况下，此处作状语。○25likely在此句中用作副词，修饰其后的动词。[第3～5段译文]从我们还是孩子的时候起，我们就通过皱眉来表示不高兴或者愤怒。在世界上大多数地方，皱眉和背对着某人都表示发怒。握紧拳头并朝着别人晃动几乎总是意味着愤怒并且威胁别人。,世界上有很多方式用来表示同意，但是几乎全世界都用上下点头来表示同意。大多数人也知道左右摇头表示不同意或拒绝。如何来表示我很厌烦呢？在多数情况下，把目光从人们身上移开或者打个呵欠，会使我看上去对此人或此事不感兴趣。但是，如果我转身面向某人或者某物，几乎来自每一个文化背景的人都会认为我对此人或此事感兴趣。如果我转动眼球，把头扭向一边，很可能是我不相信或是不喜欢所听到的话。[读文清障][原文呈现]Beingrespectful○26topeopleissubjective○27，basedoneachculture○28，butingeneralitisprobablynotagoodideatogiveahug○29toabossorteacher.Inalmosteveryculture,itisnotusuallygoodtostandtooclosetosomeoneofahigherrank○30.StandingatalittledistancewithopenhandswillshowthatIamwillingtolisten.○26respectful/rI'spektfl/adj.恭敬的berespectfultosb.对某人尊重/恭敬○27subjective/səb'dʒektIv/adj.主观的○28过去分词短语basedoneachculture作状语。○29hug/hʌɡ/vi.&vt.拥抱n.拥抱○30rank/ræŋk/n.等级；军衔[读文清障][原文呈现]Withsomanyculturaldifferencesbetweenpeople○31，itisgreattohavesomesimilarities○32inbodylanguage.Wecanoftenbewrongabouteachother○33，soitisanamazingthingthatweunderstandeachotheraswellaswedo！○31with复合结构，在句中作让步状语，其构成为：with＋名词＋介词短语。○32similarityn．相似之处○33bewrongaboutsb.＝bemistakenaboutsb.＝misunderstandsb.误解某人[第6～7段译文]根据每一种文化，对人们表示尊重都是带有主观性的。但是一般来说，拥抱你的老板或老师很可能是不妥当的。在几乎每一种文化里，站得离级别更高的人太近通常都不太好。站得有一定的距离，把手微微张开，会表示我愿意倾听。人们之间的文化差异非常多，但好在身体语言有一些相似之处。尽管我们常常会彼此误解，但我们仍能做到彼此理解，这真是件令人惊奇的事！Ⅰ.Matchthemainideawitheachpart.1．Part1(Para.1)A．Examplesofsomeuniversalbodylanguage.2．Part2(Paras.2～6)B．Bodylanguageissometimesmoreimportantthanspokenlanguage.3．Part3(Para.7)C．Therearedifferencesinbodylanguage,andit'simportantforustoknowthem.答案：1～3BACⅡ.Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswers.1．WhichofthefollowingaboutbodylanguageisTRUE?A．Itismoreimportantthanspokenlanguage.B．Itisasimportantasspokenlanguage.C．Neitherspokenlanguagenorbodylanguageisimportant.D．Itislessimportantthanspokenlanguage.2．Whymayapersonsmileifhelosesface?A．Toshowhisanger.B．Tohidehisembarrassment.C．Tothreatenothers.D．Tolaughatothers.3．Ifyouarenotinterestedinothers'talking,youmay________.A．lookawayfromhimoryawnB．turntowardandlookatsomethingC．fixyourattentiononthespeakerD．standatalittledistancewithopenhands4．SupposeyouareateacherinAmerica,you'lltellyourstudentsto________whenothersaretalking.A．avoidlookingatothersdirectlyB．lookdirectlyatothersC．glanceatothersD．lookdownatothers5．Wecaninferfromthetextthat________.A．wecancommunicatesuccessfullywithothersu