2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of th

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsSectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读通语篇学理解重分析2语篇理解Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．Thepassagemainlytalksabout.A．whatthemoonisB．myvisittothemoonC．thedifferencesbetweentheearthandthemoonD．LiYanping,myfriend,whoisanastronaut答案：B2．Whenweweregoingup,wefelt.A．wewerepressedagainstourseatsB．wewerelighterthanwewereontheearthC．asifwewereflyingD．therocketwasshakingstrongly答案：A3．Whycan'tthespaceshipfallbacktotheearth?A．Becausethemoon'sgravitypullsitup.B．Becauseitistoofarawayfromtheearth.C．Becausetheearthhasnogravity.D．Becausethespaceshipisnotveryheavy.答案：B4．WhenIwasonthemoonIfeltIwasthanontheearth.A．slowerB．heavierC．clevererD．lighter答案：D记单词记短语记句型3基础梳理记住新知识重点词汇基础词汇1.________n.气候2.______n．&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力3.______vi.&vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n.漂浮物4._______vi.&vt.碰撞；坠落5._________n.卫星；人造卫星6.________n.万有引力；重力7._________n.宇宙飞船climatepullfloatcrashsatellitegravityspaceship记住新知识重点词汇拓展词汇8._______adj.温和的；文雅的→gentlyadv.温和地9._________n．物理学家→physicsn．物理学→physicaladj.物理的；物理学的；体力的gentlephysicist重点短语1．___________结果2．_________挡住(光线)3．_________感到高兴；感到振奋4．__________既然5．_____________熟悉；掌握；理解6．_________(战争、火灾、疾病等的)突发；爆发7．_____________密切注意；当心；提防asaresultblockoutcheerupnowthatgetthehangofbreakoutwatchoutfor重点句型1.原级比较的特殊句型：as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋asWhenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitwill_____________________________(不像地球的引力那么大).2.倍数表达法之一：倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarried____________(两倍远)ontheearthandfellover.notbeasstrongapullastheearth'stwiceasfaras重点句型3.形容词作伴随状语，补充说明主语所处的状态Wewatched,_________(惊奇的)asfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth'sgravityincreased.amazed联想微空间1.“推，拉”家族①pulln．&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力②drawvt.&vi.拖；拉③dragvt.&n.拖；拉；拽④pushv．&n.推；推动(力)联想微空间2．后缀“­ist”名词荟萃①biologist生物学家②tourist旅游者；游客③physicist物理学家④scientist科学家⑤psychologist心理学家联想微空间3．“动词＋out”短语荟萃①blockout挡住(光线)②putout扑灭③breakout突发；爆发④runout用完⑤findout查出；弄明白⑥dieout灭绝⑦look/watchout当心；提防⑧letout泄露；发出(声音)研词汇析句型练拓展4要点透析1．crashvi.&vt.碰撞；坠落n.(汽车的)撞车事故；(飞机的)失事；撞击声(教材P29)Otherscientistsbelievethatacometcrashedintotheearthlongagoandcausedthedisappearance.其他科学家认为很久以前一颗彗星与地球相撞导致了(恐龙)灭绝。［归纳拓展］crashinto/onto...撞到……里/上withacrash轰隆一声［基础训练］——单句语法填空①Hewitnessedaserioustraincrashtoday.Twotrainscrashed_____eachotherandletoutaloudcrash.②Thetreefell______agreatcrashallofasudden.intowith2．pulln．&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力(教材P30)Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackintoourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepulloftheearth'sgravity.随着火箭升入太空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被推回到座位上。［归纳拓展］pulloff脱(衣、帽等)pullthrough康复；完成；使渡过难关pullin(火车)进站；(船)靠岸；驶向路边停靠pullup停车；停住pulldown拆毁［基础训练］——单句语法填空/单句改错①Ididn'tnoticethetrainhadalreadypulled___.②Thedriverpulled____atthegateofourschool.③Shepullthelittleboygentlytowardsherwhenthefirebrokeout.___________inuppull→pulled3．cheer(sb.)up感到高兴；感到振奋(教材P31)Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。［归纳拓展］(1)cheersb.on(赛跑比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油(2)cheerfuladj.快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的cheeringn.欢呼；喝彩adj.令人振奋的；令人高兴的cheersint.(用于祝酒)干杯；再见；谢谢［基础训练］——单句语法填空/单句改错①The_________(cheer)newsmadetheboy_______(cheer)，whichmadehisparentscheer___too.②Theygatheredroundtheswimmingpoolandcheeredher__.③Thisisjustforyou.Cheer!______________［能力提升］——完成句子④当我感到忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事哄我高兴。WhenI'mfeelingsad,mymothertellsmefunnystories_____________.cheeringcheerfuluponCheer→Cheerstocheermeup［温馨提示］cheerup既可以用作及物动词短语，也可用作不及物动词短语。4．nowthat既然(教材P31)“Ohdear，”Icried，“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”“天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路的确需要练一练了。”［归纳拓展］nowthat引导原因状语从句，口语中that可省略［能力提升］——完成句子①既然大家都到齐了，我们就开始开会吧。__________________________，let'sbeginourmeeting.②既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母了。_________________________，youshouldnotrelyonyourparents.Now(that)everyoneishereNow(that)youhavegrownup［温馨提示］(1)引导原因状语从句的连词还有：since,because,as,considering(that),inthat等。(2)引导原因状语的短语：dueto,thanksto,becauseof,asaresultof,owingto,onaccountof等。5．breakout突发；爆发(教材P31)Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth'sgravityincreased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。［归纳拓展］breakawayfrom脱离/挣脱……breakdown出故障；坏掉；失败；(健康等)垮掉breakin插话；破门而入breakinto破门而入breakup打碎；结束［基础训练］——单句语法填空①Afterafirebroke______inthelab,alotofequipmentwasdestroyed.②Hebroke_____thePalaceMuseumandstolemanyfamouspaintings.③Ourplanshavebroken_________,sowehavetostartfromtheverybeginning.outintodown6．watchout(for)密切注意；当心；提防［归纳拓展］watchover照看；看守keepawatch(for...)守望(……)；注视(……)［基础训练］——单句语法填空①Watchout_____thehaze；itmaydogreatharmtous.②Thepolicearekeeping___watchforhismovement.③Sheiswatching______hersickchild.foraover1．Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearth's.当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们，但是月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。句中asstrongapullastheearth's属于“as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as”结构，意为“像……一样的……”。［归纳拓展］as...as结构形式：1as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as2as＋adj./adv.＋as3asmuch＋不可数名词＋as4asmany＋可数名词复数＋as［能力提升］——完成句子①她和她妈妈一样是位好老师。Sheis___________________hermother.②你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。You'vemade________________