2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 4 Fine Arts Western Chinese

SectionⅢGrammar——动名词和不定式作宾语&动名词作主语Module4FineArts—Western,ChineseandPopArts语境自主领悟先观察原句①Popart(fromtheword“popular”)wasanimportantmodernartmovementthataimedtoshowordinarytwentieth­centurycitylife.②I'mstudyingartatschool,andIenjoyitalot,althoughIcangettiredoflookingatpicturesallthetime.③Myparentsarefondofgoingtoartgalleriesandoftentakemewiththem,soI'vedevelopedaninterestinart.④Instead,apictureshouldtrytoshowthe“life”ofitssubject.⑤Paintingisdifficultforme.⑥Learningtopaintwelltakesalongtime.后自主感悟1.例句②③中的介词后接____________形式作宾语。2.例句①④中的动词后接_________作宾语。3.例句⑤⑥中的动词­ing形式在句中作__________。动词ing不定式主语语法精要点拨一、动名词和不定式作宾语1．只跟动名词作宾语的常见动词或短语：suggest,finish,practice,avoid,miss,enjoy,imagine,admit,consider(考虑),escape,risk,mind,stand(忍受)，allow,advise,forbid,permit,putoff,giveup,keepon,feellike,beusedtodoing,lookforwardto,protect/prevent...from等。Weshouldavoidmakingthesamemistakesintheexam.我们应该避免在考试中犯同样的错误。Wehavetopreventtheairfrombeingpolluted.我们必须阻止空气被污染。It'squitehottoday.Doyoufeellikegoingforaswim?今天很热。你愿意去游泳吗？(1)allow,advise,forbid,permit这些动词，如果后面有宾语，则要接动词不定式作宾语补足语。Thedoctoradvisedmetotakeafewdays'rest.医生建议我休息几天。(2)在下列句型中也要用动名词作宾语：beworthdoing...值得做……What/Howaboutdoing...?做……怎么样？havedifficulty/trouble/problems(in)doing...做……有困难2．只跟不定式作宾语的动词：afford,agree,decide,determine(决心),expect,aim,afford,hope,manage,refuse,want,wish,offer,promise,pretend等。Ican'taffordtogoonvacationthissummer.今年夏天我没钱去度假。Hedecidedtogoabroadforfurthereducation.他决定去国外深造。3．接不定式/动名词时意义差别不大的动词。(1)hate,like,love,prefer后，表示习惯性或经常性的行为，通常多用动名词作宾语；表示特定的、具体的或一次性的活动时则多用不定式作宾语。IlikewatchingTV,butIdon'tliketodothatthiseveningbecauseIamtoobusy.我喜欢看电视，但我不喜欢今晚看，因为我太忙。(2)begin,start,continue等后接不定式或动名词作宾语时意义差别不大。Tombegantolearn/learninghowtouseacomputer.汤姆开始学习如何使用电脑。4．接不定式或动名词作宾语且意义差别大的动词。remembertodo记住要做……rememberdoing记得做过……forgettodo忘记做……forgetdoing忘记做过……regrettodo遗憾做……regretdoing后悔做过……trytodo努力去做……trydoing试着做……meantodo打算、想要做……meandoing意味着……goontodo接着做(另一件事)goondoing继续做(同一件事)can'thelptodo不能帮忙做……can'thelpdoing禁不住做……TheteacherregrettedtotellTomhedidn'tpasstheexam,andTomregrettednotstudyinghard.老师遗憾地告诉汤姆他没通过考试，汤姆后悔没有努力学习。5．need,require,want表示“需要”时，后面接动名词，表示被动含义，相当于接不定式的被动形式(tobedone)。Theconditionofthiscarissoserious.Itreallyneedsrepairing/toberepairedbeforedrivingontheroadagain.这辆车的状况是如此糟糕，它再次上路前确实需要维修一下。[即时演练1]单句语法填空①Allthestaffinourcompanyareconsidering_____(go)tothecitycentreforthefashionshow.②—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh，yes.HowoftenIhaveregrettednot______(take)hisadvice!③Youcan'timaginewhatdifficultywehad_______(walk)homeinthesnowstorm.goingtakingwalking二、动名词作主语1．动名词作主语通常表示一般性、习惯性的动作，且谓语动词一般用单数。GoingtoHangzhoubytraintakesabout10hoursfromhere.从这儿乘火车到杭州大约要10个小时。2．动名词作主语，且主语较长时，为了平衡句子结构，通常用it作形式主语。常见句式：It'snouse/nogooddoingsth.做某事没有用处/好处It'sawasteoftimedoingsth.做某事是浪费时间的It'suseless/worthwhiledoingsth.做某事是没用的/值得的Itisawasteoftimetryingpersuadingsuchaperson.试图说服这样的一个人是浪费时间。Itisnogoodeatingtoomuchsweetfood.吃太多的甜食没有好处。[名师点津]动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。Tofinishtheworkinaweekisimpossible.一周内完成工作是不可能的。[即时演练2]单句语法填空①Itisnouse___________(complain)withouttakinganyaction.②_______(nod)theheadmeanssaying“yes”inChina.③Planningsofarahead_____(make)nosense－somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.complainingNoddingmakes语法应用落实Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theboystopped_______(pick)upapurseonthegroundandhandedittoapoliceman.2．It'sverynicetoday.Ifeellike______(take)awalkforsomefreshair.3．Heneverremembered_______(lock)thedoorwhenhewentout.topicktakingtolock4．Mygrandfatherisamillionaire，buthavingmoney____(do)notsolveallhisproblems.5．Inordertoavoid____________(catch)bythecomingpolicemen,thethiefquicklyjumpedoutofthewindow.6．Inmyopinion，______(have)ameetingtosettletheproblemisaproperway.7．I'llneed_______(know)yourdecisionbynextweek.doesbeingcaughthavingtoknow8．Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two­thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneed______________________(paint)．9．Sheremembered______(see)himplayfootballanhourago.10．Itisawasteoftime__________(discuss)suchmatterswithhim.tobepainted/paintingseeingdiscussingⅡ.单句改错1．Asforme,readagoodbookisjustliketalkingwithalearnedperson.____________2．I'msorryIcan'thelppreparingthedinner—Ihaveanimportantmeeting.____________________3．Weagreehelptheoldpeopledosomehouseworkonweekends.________read→readingpreparing→topreparehelp前加to4．Thedaywehadbeenlookingforwardtocomingatlast.___________5．Iappreciateyourhelpedmeoutofthetrouble.______________6．Hewantedteachmeaboutanimals,insectsandtrees.__________coming→camehelped→helpingwanted后加to7．Ienjoyedsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview.___________8．LaterIbecameusedtotalkwithpeoplefromvariouscultures.____________9．Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrowareoftenacceptable.______10．Thetreesneedwatered.________________sit→sittingtalk→talkingare→iswatered→watering