2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 4 Fine Arts Section Ⅲ课件 外研版

SectionⅢGrammar—动词­ing形式和动词不定式作宾语及动词­ing形式作主语语法图解探究发现①Popartaimedtoshowordinarytwentieth­centurycitylife.②Instead,apictureshouldattempttoshowthe“life”ofitssubject.③Weplantobuymorepaintingsthisyear.④Icangettiredoflookingatpicturesallthetime.⑤Myparentsarefondofgoingtoartgalleries.⑥Sheislookingforwardtostartingartclassesathernewschool.⑦Paintingisdifficultforme.⑧Learningtopaintwelltakesalongtime.[我的发现](1)例句①②③中的动词后接作宾语。(2)例句④⑤⑥中的动词短语后跟作宾语。(3)例句⑦⑧中的动词­ing形式在句中作。动词不定式动词­ing形式主语一、动词­ing形式和动词不定式作宾语1．常用v.­ing作宾语的动词(短语)有：consider(考虑),dislike,enjoy,excuse,escape,practise,miss,mind,avoid,admit,risk,finish,imagine,keep,suggest,can'thelp,putoff,giveup,beworth,bebusy,begoodat,befondof,devoteto,feellike,lookforwardto,payattentionto,be/getusedto等。Imissbeingwithmyfamily.我很怀念与家人在一起(的日子)。Hehasgotusedtolivinginthecountryside.他已经习惯住在乡下了。[巧学助记]允许考虑二建议，忙于坚持多练习；承认喜欢多盼望，否认拖延可原谅；避免错过莫放弃，完成冒险没逃避。2．常用不定式作宾语的动词(短语)有：afford,aim,arrange,attempt,pretend,want,wish,threaten,hope,wish,expect,agree,learn,fail,decide,plan,promise,refuse,manage,offer,wouldlike/love等。Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。MyEnglishteacherpromisedtolendsomebookstome.我的英语老师答应借给我一些书。[巧学助记]三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝；设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。[名师点津]在动词feel,find,judge,make,think,believe,consider等后面，如果是不定式作宾语，而补语是形容词(有时是名词)，常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式后移。Hethoughtitagreatpitynottohaveinvitedher.没有邀请她，他觉得是一个很大的遗憾。3．可接“疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语的动词有：teach,decide,wonder,show,learn,consider,know等。Haveyoudecidedwheretospendyourholiday?你决定去哪儿度假了吗？即时演练11－1.单句语法填空①Mymotherrefused(go)therewithus.②Mymotherdislikes(see)youwithme.③Wemustkeep(practice)speakingEnglish.④Ican'thelp(laugh)everytimeIthinkofthat.⑤Shehappened(be)outwhenhecalled.⑥Ifeellike(come)withyou.⑦Iamtoobusytoday,soIcan'thelp(clean)theroom.⑧Ilookedforwardto(see)thatPatwasdriving.togoseeingpracticinglaughingtobecoming(to)cleanseeing1－2.完成句子⑨我们将推迟去埃及游览的日期直到那儿的局势稳定下来。Wewillforsightseeinguntilthesituationtherebecomesstable.⑩我盼望收到你的来信。Iamlookingforwardto.⑪我想知道你那道题的答案。Iexpected.putoffgoingtoEgypthearingfromyoutoknowtheanswertoyourquestion⑫在过去的几年里他花在帮助那些无家可归的人身上的时间被认为是非常有价值的。Thetimehehasdevotedinthepastyears______________________isnowconsidered.⑬住在我们隔壁的是一对外国夫妻，他们好像已经适应了中国的生活。Nextdoortooursliveaforeigncouple,whoseem________________________inChina.⑭他教我如何提高我的英语水平。Hetaughtme.tohelpingthehomelesstobeofgreatvaluetohavesettledintolifehowtoimprovemyEnglish4．有些动词如hate,like,prefer,intend,continue,love等后既跟v.­ing形式又跟动词不定式作宾语，意思几乎是一样的，没什么差别。Hecontinuedtoborrow/borrowingmoneyfromhisboss.他接二连三地向老板借钱。[名师点津](1)love,like,hate,prefer等之后，用不定式表示某一具体动作或情况(一般在其前加would或should)；用动名词表示一般性动作(如爱好或习惯)。Ilikeskating.我喜欢滑冰。Iliketoskatetoday.我今天想去滑冰。(2)begin,start词后，既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语。但下列三种情形下其后跟不定式：①主语是物而非人时；②begin,start本身是形式时；③之后的非谓语动词是心理状态或精神活动如see,understand,realize等时。Theybegantounderstandtheirpastmistakes.他们开始认识他们过去的错误。Maryisbeginningtodoherhomework.玛丽开始做作业。(3)need,demand,want,require等在表示“需要”时，用动名词的主动形式表被动，或用不定式的被动形式，但动名词形式更常见。Thewallneedstobepainted.＝Thewallneedspainting.墙壁需要粉刷了。5．有些动词既可跟v.­ing形式又可跟动词不定式，但意思截然不同。动词todosth.doingsth.remember记住要做……记得做过……forget忘记了要做……忘记了做过……try努力做……试着做……mean想要做……意味着……stop停下来去做……停止做……goon接着再做……(不同的事)继续做……(同一件事)regret遗憾做……后悔做了……can'thelp不能帮忙做……情不自禁做……Don'tforgettolockthedoor.别忘了锁门。Irememberpostingtheletters.我记得寄过信了。即时演练2单句语法填空①Theheadmasterstarted(wonder)whohaddoneit.②Iremembered(see)theAlpsforthefirsttime.③TothisdayIdonotregret(make)thatremark.④Wemusttry(come)hereasearlyaspossible.⑤Thewindowneeds(clean)．towonderseeingmakingtocomecleaning/tobecleaned二、动词­ing形式作主语1．在下面的句型中，it是形式主语，v.­ing形式作真正的主语。Itisuseless(nouse,nogood,fun,noharm,awasteoftime,agoodpleasure)＋doing...Itisnogoodeatingtoomuchsweetfood.吃太多的甜食没有好处。2．v.­ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。Sayingiseasierthandoing.说比做容易。3．不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smokingisforbiddenhere.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)Itisnotverygoodforyoutosmokesomuch.抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)(2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验；不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Drivingacarduringtherushhouristiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)Tobecomeascientistismydream.成为一名科学家是我的梦想。(目的)即时演练33－1.单句语法填空①(play)withfireisdangerous.②Learningnewwords(be)veryusefultome.③isawasteoftimediscussingsuchmatterswithhim.④Itmakesmehappy(listen)tomusic.⑤Itisnouse(cry)overspiltmilk.PlayingisIttolistencrying3－2.完成句子⑥到日本游玩是我今年的计划。_________________________ismyplanforthisyear.⑦听音乐使我快乐。___________________makesmehappy.⑧每天熬夜没有什么好处。__________________stayinguptoolateeveryday.⑨他到这儿来将大有帮助。__________________willbeagreathelp.⑩做早操对我们很有好处。__________________________doesusalotofgood.TogotoJapanforavisitListeningtomusicIt'soflittlegoodHiscominghereDoingmorningexercises单句语法填空1．(2019·天津高考改编)(learn)tothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltoday'schildrenwillneedforthefuture.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：学会批判性地思考是当今孩子为了未来(的发展)将需要的一项重要技能。分析句子结构可知，主句的谓语动词是is，is之前的部分作主语，此处应用动名词形式，表示一般性的陈述概念。Learning[链接高考]2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示“我迅速低下头避免和它直视，以便它不会感到受到挑战”。avoiddoingsth.“避免做某事”。avoid后面常接动名词作宾语。looking3．(2018·6月浙江高考)Istillremember(visit)afriendwho'dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshocked