2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 4 Carnival Section Ⅰ Introd

TheannualCarnivalinBrazilisaunique①festival.Itisalsothemostimportantethniccelebration②.ItcomesbetweentheendofFebruaryandthebeginningofMarcheveryyear.Hundredsofthousandsoftouristsfromoverseaswereattractedtojointhefeastofrejoicing,whichinvolves③flamboyantcostumes,sexyBraziliangirlsandpassionateSambadance.The“KingMomo”dressedinwhite,tookthegoldkeyofthecityfromthemayorofRiodeJaneirotosignify④thebeginningofCarnival.Duringthefollowingfivedays,the“King”，whoplaysaleadingrolein⑤theCarnival,wouldthrowoutalldailyroutines,sothatpeoplecouldindulgethemselves.“KingMomo”isalsoknownas⑥“theKingofCarnival”.HeishandpickedbyRioresidents.Therewasoncearulethatrequiredthe“King”toweighnolessthan100kg.Today,thereisarulethatthe“King”shouldn'tbeheavierthan130kg.Themain“course”oftheCarnivalistheSambadance.TheCarnivalishighlightedwiththeSambacompetitions.Thewinnerisgivenonemilliondollars.Blockparadeshavebecomeanimpressive⑦featureofRio'sCarnival.Theynumber⑧morethan100andthegroupsincreaseeachyear.[多积词汇]①uniqueadj.独特的；独一无二的②celebrationn．庆祝③involvev．包含④signifyv．表明，显示⑤playaleadingrolein在……中扮演主要角色⑥beknownas作为……而出名⑦impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的⑧numberv．总计；共计SectionⅠIntroduction&Reading—Pre­reading[原文呈现]TheMagicoftheMaskThinkof①carnival②，andyouthinkofcrowds,costumes③，andconfusion④.Thesoundsandsightschangefromonecountryto⑤anotherbuttheexcitementisthesameeverywhere.“Carnival”comesfromtwoLatinwords,meaning“nomoremeat”⑥.InEurope,whereitbegan⑦，carnivalwasfollowedby⑧fortydayswithoutmeat,aspeoplepreparedfortheChristian⑨festivalofEaster⑩.PeoplesawCarnivalas⑪alastchancetohavefunattheendofthewinterseason.Havingfun⑫meanteating,drinking,anddressingup⑬.[读文清障]①Thinkof...andyouthinkof...为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构。②carnival/'kɑːnIvl/n.狂欢节③costume/'kɒstjuːm/n.服装；戏装；化装服④confusion/kən'fjuːʒn/n.杂乱；混乱⑤changefrom...to...从……到……变化⑥现在分词短语“meaning...”作定语，相当于“whichmeans...”。⑦whereitbegan为定语从句，修饰先行词Europe。⑧befollowedby被……跟随；紧跟着⑨Christian/'krIstʃən/adj.基督教的⑩aspeoplepreparedfortheChristian为时间状语从句。⑪see...as...把……看作……⑫havefun过得愉快，动名词短语havingfun作主语，meandoing表示“意味着做……”。⑬dressup装扮；打扮面具的魔力[第1～2段译文]想到狂欢节，你就会想到人群、各式各样的服装和热闹非凡的场面。这种场面在每个国家所听到的和看到的各不相同，但人们的兴奋程度在各地都是相同的。“狂欢节”这个词是由两个拉丁词演变而来的，意思是“禁肉食”。欧洲是狂欢节的发源地，在那里，狂欢节过后人们会有40天不吃肉，在这期间，人们为基督教的节日——复活节做准备。人们把狂欢节作为冬季结束前最后一次玩乐的机会。玩乐意味着吃、喝和乔装打扮。ThemostfamouscarnivalinEuropewasinVenice.Atthebeginning⑭，itlastedfor⑮justoneday.Peopleate,drank,andworemasks.Astimepassed⑯，however,thecarnivalperiodwasextended⑰，sothatitbeganjustafterChristmas⑱.Forweeksonend○19peoplewalkedroundthestreetswearingmasks,doingwhattheywantedwithoutbeingrecognised⑳.Ordinarypeoplecouldpretend○21toberichandimportant,whilefamouspeoplecouldhaveromanticadventuresinsecret○22.Manycrimeswentunpunished○23.○14atthebeginning从一开始，起初(＝atfirst)⑮last(for)持续⑯astimepassed随着时间的推移⑰extend/Ik'stend/vt.延长⑱sothatitbeganjustafterChristmas为结果状语从句。⑲onend(时间)连续地；竖立着⑳现在分词短语wearing...doing...作伴随状语。而doing后whattheywanted...为宾语从句。○21pretend/prI'tend/vi.假装pretendtodosth.假装做某事○22insecret秘密地(＝secretly)○23gounpunished没有得到惩罚[第3段译文]欧洲过去最著名的狂欢节是在威尼斯。最初，狂欢节只持续一天。人们吃呀、喝呀，并戴上面具。然而，随着时间的推移，庆祝狂欢节的时间被延长了，以至于圣诞节一过狂欢节就开始了。连续几个星期人们戴着面具走在街上，为所欲为而不会被认出来。普通人可以装成阔佬和要人，而名人也可以偷偷地体验浪漫奇遇。很多罪行逃脱了惩处。Thegovernmentrealisedthatwearingmaskshadbecomeaproblem○24.Theirusewaslimitedby○25laws,thefirstofwhichdatesbackto○26thefourteenthcentury○27.Menwerenotallowedtowear○28masksatnight;andtheywerenotallowedtodressupaswomen.Inlatertimesmorelawswerepassed.Peoplewhoworemasks○29couldnotcarryfirearms○30；andnoonecouldenterachurchwearingamask.Iftheybrokethelaws,theywereputintoprison○31forupto○32twoyears.Finally,whenVenicebecamepartoftheAustrianempire○33，attheendoftheeighteenthcentury,maskswerebanned○34completely,andcarnivalbecamejustamemory○35.Butinthelate1970s○36thetraditionwasrevived○37bystudents.Theybeganmakingmasksandorganisingparties,andthrewbitsof○38brightlycolouredpaper(calledcoriandoli○39)at○40tourists.Thetowncouncil○41realisedthatcarnivalwasgoodforbusiness,andthefestivalwasdevelopedfortourists.○24thatwearingmaskshadbecomeaproblem为宾语从句，其中动名词短语wearingmasks在从句中作主语。○25belimitedby受……限制○26datebackto追溯到(＝datefrom)以上两个短语没有进行时和被动语态。○27ofwhich...为非限制性定语从句，修饰laws。○28beallowedtodo被允许做……○29whoworemasks为定语从句，修饰people。○30firearm/'faIərˌɑːm/n.火器○31put...intoprison把……关进监狱○32upto达到(数量、程度等)○33empire/'empaIə/n.帝国○34banv．(banned;banned)禁止；取缔bansb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事○35memory/'memn.记忆inmemoryof为了纪念○36inthelate/early1970s在20世纪70年代后/早期○37revive/rI'vaIv/vt.复兴；再兴起；再流行○38bitsof小片的○39calledcoriandoli为过去分词作定语，修饰paper。○40throw...at...向……扔……○41council/'kaʊnsl/n.地方议会；政务委员会[第4～5段译文]政府意识到戴面具已成为一个问题。它们面具的使用受到法律的限制，最早的法律条文可追溯到14世纪。男子不准在夜间戴面具，并且不能假扮女性。之后，更多法律条文出台了。戴面具者不得携带火器，不得进入教堂。如果他们违反了法律，就要被判处长达两年的监禁。最后，在18世纪末，当威尼斯成为奥地利帝国的一部分时，面具被完全禁止了，狂欢节只成为一个记忆。但在20世纪70年代后期，狂欢节这个传统节日又被学生们恢复了。他们开始制作面具，并组织聚会，还向游客扔小块的彩色纸片叫“五彩纸片”。市镇议会意识到狂欢节对商业是有好处的，因此这个节日得以发展，以吸引更多的游客。Today,carnivalinVeniceiscelebratedforfivedaysinFebruary.PeoplearrivefromalloverEuropetoenjoythefun.Hotelsarefullybooked○42andthenarrowstreetsarecrowdedwith○43wonderfulcostumes.German,FrenchandEnglishseemtobethemainlanguages.Butthespiritof