2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 3 Foreign Food Section Ⅲ Gr

SectionⅢGrammar—复习定语和定语从句语法图解探究发现①Ithoughtthisvastwaveoffoodwasthetotalnumberofdishestobeserved.②Everyoneelsejusttastedabitofeachdishandthenputtheirchopsticksdown,continuingtochat.③IstillrememberwhatIate:atunafishandcheesesandwich.④Doyouknowthegirlsingingoverthere?⑤Heisalwaysthefirstpersontoleavetheoffice.⑥OneeveninghewasentertainingtherulerofasmallislandinthePacific.⑦However,thereareotherkindsoffoodsthathavetakenlongerformetoaccept.⑧ButonethingIdoadmireisthepolitemannerinwhichBritishpeopleeat,evenifitisjustapotato.⑨Asweallknow,VladimirPutinwaselectedPresidentofRussiaafourthtime.⑩Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.[我的发现](1)①～⑥句中，黑体部分在句中均作定语，且句中作前置定语，作后置定语。(2)由②句可知，形容词修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词。(3)⑦～⑩句中，黑体部分均为从句。(4)⑨⑩句中，黑体部分为。①③②④⑤⑥后面定语非限制性定语从句一、定语1．定义定语是用来修饰名词或代词的词。可用作定语的词有：形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、从句以及非谓语动词等。(1)名词作定语修饰另一名词时，一般用单数形式；man和woman作定语时，可以用单数和复数两种形式，但必须随所修饰的名词的数而定。Hebrokeacoffeecup.他打碎了一个咖啡杯。Hesaidthattwowomenteacherswouldcometoourvillagenextweek.他说两个女老师下周要来我们村。(2)用作定语的代词为形容词性物主代词、of所有格和不定代词所有格。Herproposalisworthconsidering.她的建议值得考虑。Mybusinessisnoneofyourbusiness.我的事与你无关。(3)基数词和序数词都可用作定语。WebelongtotheThirdWorld.我们属于第三世界。2．位置定语的位置有两种：前置定语和后置定语。(1)形容词作定语时要置于其修饰的名词前，但表语形容词作后置定语；形容词修饰不定代词时也要后置。Allthepeoplepresentwerefortheplan.在场的所有人都同意这项计划。Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.我的手表出毛病了。(2)有些时间和地点副词(如：above,here,there等)作后置定语。Putthebookontheshelfabove.把这本书放在上面的架子上。(3)介词短语、非谓语动词和从句通常作后置定语。Thatistheteachingplanforyoutodiscuss.那就是供你们讨论的那份教学计划。Thereisnothingthatworrieshim.没有什么事使他烦恼。3．多个作定语的形容词的顺序当多个形容词作定语时，其大概位置关系如下：大小(形状、年龄)＋颜色＋来源＋材料＋用途＋被修饰的词apairofblackSpanishleatherboots一双黑色的西班牙皮靴somebeautifullittleredflowers一些美丽的小红花thefirstbeautifullittlewhiteChinesewoodenbridge第一座美丽的中国小白木桥即时演练1画出下列句子中的定语①You'rearealfoolifyoubelieveit.答案：You'reafoolifyoubelieveit.②TheyplayedanimportantfootballmatchagainstLiverpoollastSunday.答案：TheyplayedanmatchagainstLiverpoollastSunday.③Myhairneedscutting.答案：hairneedscutting.④There'sonlyonewaytosolveit.答案：There'sonlyway.realimportantfootballMyonetosolveit⑤Thetworoomsupstairsaremysisters'bedrooms.答案：Theroomsarebedrooms.⑥Hewaswalkingintheparkwithawalkingstickinhishand.答案：Hewaswalkingintheparkwithastickin___hand.⑦Lookatthebrokenglasses.答案：Lookattheglasses.⑧Themanwhocausedtheaccidentescaped.答案：Themanescaped.twoupstairsmysisters'walkinghisbrokenwhocausedtheaccident二、定语从句定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。1．定语从句中关系词的用法Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天看见的那个人。Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.请递给我那本绿皮的书。Thepackagewhich/thatyouarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包裹快散了。Canyoustillrememberthateveningwhenwemetforthefirsttime?你还记得我们第一次见面的那个晚上吗？CanyoushowmethehousewhereShakespearelived?你能带我看看莎士比亚曾住过的那座房子吗？Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhedidn'ttellittohisfather.我不明白为什么他没有把这件事告诉他父亲。[名师点津](1)表示“方式”的名词way后的定语从句中如果关系词在从句中作方式状语，关系词用that或inwhich，也可省略关系词。Idon'tliketheway(that/inwhich)hetalkstome.我不喜欢他和我说话的方式。(2)as引导限制性定语从句，指代人或物，在从句中作宾语或主语，通常用于下列结构：thesame...as意为“同……一样的”，such...as意为“像……这/那样的”；引导非限制性定语从句，指代整句话，常译为“正如……”；从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。Wedothesameworkasthey(do)．我们和他们干同样的活。SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。2．“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句(1)关系代词作介词的宾语，当介词置于定语从句句首时，关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)。Thepencilwithwhichhewaswritingsuddenlybroke.他正在用来写字的铅笔突然断了。Lookatthephoto.ThisisMrGreen,infrontofwhomsitthreestudents.看这张照片。这是格林先生，在他的前面坐着三个学生。Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?你还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？(2)“不定代词或数词＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句可转化为“of＋which/whom＋不定代词或数词”引导的定语从句。其中不定代词为：some,any,none,both,all,many,afew,few,alittle,little,either,neither,one,most,part等。Thereare40studentsinourclass,mostofwhom(＝ofwhommost)likeEnglish.我们班有40名学生，他们中的大多数喜欢英语。(3)“whose＋名词”引导定语从句时，可转化为“the＋名词＋of＋which/whom”或“of＋which/whom＋the＋名词”。介词of表示所有关系。Iliveinaroomwhosewindowsareallbroken.＝Iliveinaroomthewindowsofwhich(＝ofwhichthewindows)areallbroken.我住在一个窗户都坏了的房间里。(4)“某些介词＋关系副词”也可引导定语从句。HegraduatedfromBeijingUniversityin1988,sincewhenhehasimprovedhimselfinallaspects.他1988年毕业于北京大学。从那时起他在各方面都提高了。即时演练2(1)单句语法填空①Doyoustillrememberthefarmwevisitedthreemonthsago?②—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?—Yes,justtheoneIusedtoworkfortwentyyears.③Jimpassedthedrivingtest,surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.④Isthisthereasonheexplainedatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?which/thatwherewhichthat⑤Theorganizationwasfoundedbythetwoboys,parentsarebothinvestors.⑥MrBrownisamanyoucanturntoforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.⑦Thenumberofsmokers,isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.⑧TherearetwothingswhichyoushouldpayattentionwhilelearningEnglish.⑨Thehouse,whichtheroofwasblownoffbythewind,istheoldestoneinthisvillage.whosewhom/who/thatastoof⑩Doyouknowtheladywhomourmanageristalkingintheoffice?⑪Heexplainedthereasonwhichhehaddonethethingfortheold.⑫Idon'tlikethewaywhichhetreatshisparents.withforin(2)单句改错⑬Readinghasalotofadvantages,oneofthemisthatithelpsyoudevelopreadingskills.⑭First,theplacewherewe'vedecidedtovisit—theForestParkisnotfarawayfromthecity.______them→whichwhere→which/that或去掉where⑮FromthisexperienceIhavelearntthatquestioningcanserveasabridgehelpsustoseekthetruth.⑯Myhouseis