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第五讲完形填空第一节完形填空篇之记叙文母题探究栏目导航题组集训限时训练仔细研读近几年高考完形填空我们不难发现,记叙文是出现频率最高的一类文体,多以记人和叙事为主。具体地说,它是借助叙述、描写等手段描述社会中的人物形象或记叙事件的发展过程,用以表现作者的态度和观点。记叙文多以人的思想和行为为中心,以时间或空间的变化为线索,按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述。【命题特点】1.首句完整,线索清楚。一般作者在第一句话就交代了人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点,然后再介绍事件的发生、发展,最后得出结果。2.叙述灵活,侧重语境。文章以叙述为主。较少加入作者的观点或评论。常会出现态度与观点的跳跃变换,或语气上的差异。这增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性,从而突出了对语境的依赖,辨析词语,作出选择。(2019·高考浙江卷)Therearelotsofwaystoraiseawarenessforacause.Usually,the__36__theideais,themoreitgetsnoticed.Andthat'spreciselywhyone__37___Frenchmanhascaughtourattention.BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope,surviving__38___ondiscarded(丢弃)food.Thethreemonth,1,900milejourneyfromParistoWarsawisDubanchet's__39___ofraisingawarenessoffoodwasteinEuropeandthroughouttheworld.Asyoucan__40___,thetripisnopieceofcake.Whilerestaurants__41___tonsoffoodeachyear,muchofitremainsinaccessiblebecauseof__42___garbagecontainers,healthregulations,orbusinesspolicies.Onlyaboutoneintenplaces__43___himfoodthatwouldotherwisebediscarded.Forlegal__44___,mostrestaurantshaveapolicyagainst__45___foodwaste.“Somepeoplehaveeven__46___theirjobsbygivingmefood,”Dubanchetsaid.What's__47___interestingistheattitudevariouscitieshavetowardDubanchet'scause.Berlinhasbeenthe__48___whilethemostdifficultwastheCzechtownofPilsen.There,hehadto__49___atsome50differentstoresorrestaurantsbeforefindingfood.The__50__isallthemoreseriouswhenyouconsiderthe__51___exerciserequiredtobikefromFrancetoPoland.“Ihavetogetfood__52___becauseafterallthebikingIamtiredandIneedthe__53__,”Dubanchetexplained.“Ismy__54___fullorempty?Thatisthemostimportantthing,notwhatIameating.”Heaimsto__55___hisjourneybymidJuly.Withanyluck,he'llturnafewmoreheadsintheprocess.36.A.clevererB.olderC.strangerD.simpler考查形容词辨析。通读全文可知,Dubanchet从巴黎骑行到波兰首都华沙,一路上只吃被丢弃的食物,他这么做的目的是让人们关注食物浪费这一现象,而想法越奇特就越能引起人们的关注。故选C。37.A.garbageeatingB.sportslovingC.foodwastingD.lawbreaking考查名词辨析。根据下文“surviving…ondiscarded(丢弃)food”可知,一路上吃的是被丢弃的食物,因此他吃的都属于垃圾。故选A。38.A.secretlyB.finallyC.entirelyD.probably考查副词辨析。根据下文可知,整个行程完全只吃被丢弃的食物。故选C。39.A.purposeB.wayC.opinionD.dream考查名词辨析。这是一种唤起人们对食物浪费现状进行关注的方式。故选B。40.A.observeB.imagineC.suggestD.remember考查动词辨析。整个旅行绝非易事是可以想象的。apieceofcake意为“小菜一碟,非常容易的事”。故选B。41.A.storeB.cookC.shopforD.throwaway考查动词辨析。虽然餐馆每年要倒掉数吨食物,但要想吃到这些丢弃的食物却并不容易。故选D。42.A.lockedB.damagedC.connectedD.abandoned考查动词辨析。根据上文可知这些被丢弃的食物被锁在了垃圾箱里。故选A。43.A.boughtB.offeredC.orderedD.sold考查动词辨析。根据上文的“muchofitremainsinaccessiblebecauseof42__garbagecontainers,healthregulations,orbusinesspolicies.”可知,只有大约十分之一的地方会给他提供即将丢弃的食物。故选B。44.A.reasonsB.rightsC.feesD.aids考查名词辨析。句意:由于法律上的原因,大部分餐馆都有规定,不允许把要丢弃的食物送给别人。故选A。45.A.beggingforB.givingawayC.hidingD.causing考查动词短语辨析。参考上题解析。giveaway分发。46.A.didB.keptC.acceptedD.risked考查动词辨析。根据上文可知,一些人是冒着丢掉工作的风险给Dubanchet食物的。故选D。47.A.hardlyB.usuallyC.particularlyD.merely考查副词辨析。特别有趣的是不同的城市对Dubanchet这种行为的态度各不相同。故选C。48.A.easiestB.nearestC.biggestD.richest考查形容词辨析。此空后面的while表示对比,因此根据“whilethemostdifficultwas…”可知此空填easiest。故选A。49.A.workB.shoutC.askD.jump考查动词辨析。在比尔森市他不得不问询了大约50家不同的商店或餐馆,才讨得食物。故选C。50.A.competitionB.conversationC.conflictD.challenge考查名词辨析。Dubanchet从巴黎骑行到波兰首都华沙,一路上只吃被丢弃的食物,这是一项艰巨的任务。故选D。51.A.adequateB.rewardingC.demandingD.suitable考查形容词辨析。根据下文“exerciserequiredtobikefromFrancetoPoland”可知,当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时,挑战就更加严峻了。故选C。52.A.againB.aloneC.laterD.fast考查副词辨析。根据下文“becauseafterallthebikingIamtiredandIneedthe…”可知,Dubanchet需要尽快获取食物来维持体力。故选D。53.A.spiritB.energyC.timeD.effort考查名词辨析。前面提到“afterallthebikingIamtired”,因此可知Dubanchet需要食物补充的能量。故选B。54.A.stomachB.handC.pocketD.basket考查名词辨析。根据下文“Thatisthemostimportantthing,notwhatIameating”可知,Dubanchet关心的只是肚子饿不饿的问题,至于吃什么不重要。故选A。55.A.arrangeB.restartC.reportD.finish考查动词辨析。Dubanchet决心在七月中旬结束这次旅程。故选D。[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了法国人Dubanchet为了唤起人们对食物浪费现象的关注,历时三个月,从巴黎骑行到波兰首都华沙,一路上只吃被丢弃的食物。[长难句分析]What'sparticularlyinterestingistheattitudevariouscitieshavetowardDubanchet'scause.(第四段第一句)句意:特别有趣的是不同的城市对Dubanchet这种行为的态度各不相同。[分析]本句是主从复合句。What'sparticularlyinteresting是由What引导的主语从句,作整个句子的主语;variouscitieshavetowardDubanchet'scause是省略了关系代词that的定语从句,修饰先行词attitude,关系代词that在定语从句中作have的宾语。1.重视首句,开篇明义。重视首句的指示作用,利用它为解题找到一个突破口,据此拓展思维,争取开局胜利。2.利用语境,揣摩心态。借助上下文乃至全文语境启示或限定,揣摩作者的心情,以及作者对各个角色、各个事件的态度。同时注意对关联用语的把握。3.瞻前顾后。从空格前面的相关语句中寻找解题依据的方法通常被称为“瞻前法”;所谓“顾后”,是参考空后的有关信息来解题。4.理清线索,把握方向。理清人物间的关系,把握人物各自所做的事情,从而把握细节,找准作者的记叙方向,正确理解文章。A(2019·高考江苏卷)Wildlifehasbeengreatlythreatenedinthemodernage.Therearespecies(物种)thatare__36__everyday.Thewhitenapedcraneisatypicalexample.Soscientistsaretryingtheirbestto__37__thespeciesfromgoingoutofexistence.ChrisandTimworkatazoo,helpingendangeredcraneswiththeir__38__.Emma,afemalecrane,hasbeenintheir__39__sinceshearrivedin2004.Bornataninternationalcranefoundation,Emmawas__40__byhumancaretakers.Thisledtoanunexpected__41__,thoughshehadawonderfultimethere.Emmahad__42__takenherselfasacraneandbecomedeeplyattachedtohumans.She__43__tolivewithmalecranes,andevenhada__44__forkillingsomeofthem,whichmadeit__45__forhertobecomeamother.__46__,thetwozookeepersdidn'twanttoseetheextinction(灭绝)ofthispreciousspecies.Withtheirpatienceandefforts,theysuccessfullydevelop
本文标题:(新课标)2020高考英语二轮总复习 第五讲 完形填空 5.1 完形填空篇之记叙文课件
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