（新高考）2020版高考英语二轮复习 第一编 一阅读理解 题型四 主旨大意题课件 新人教版

题型四主旨大意题试题探秘语篇出处：原创语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：学校生活IwasninewhenIarrivedattheChildren'sHomeinNashua,NewHampshire,in1965.Ifailedthirdgradethatyear,barelymadeitthroughasecondtime,andhadmerelypassedthroughfourthgradebythetimeIreachedPaulineJambard'sfifth­gradeclassatCharlotteAvenueElementarySchool.IbelievedIwasn't“smart”andpopularliketheotherkids,andIhopedIcouldmakeitthroughfifthgrade.MsJambardtookaninstantlikingtome.Ofallthesubjectsinschool,readingwasmyfavorite.Shewouldtellme,“Terry,youkeepreading.Ifyoucanunderstandwhatyou'rereading,you'llbesmarterthanmostkids.”AfterIreadallthebooksinourprogram,Istartedreadingtheclassroom'ssetofEncyclopaediaBritannica.Icouldn'tfindenoughtoread,andIstartedtoreallylikeschool.ThatDecember,thechildren'shomethrewaChristmaspartyforfamilyandcommunitymembers.MybrotherandIhadnofamilytoinvite.IstillrememberlookingupandseeingMsJambardwalkthroughthefrontdoorsofthechildren'shomeandIrealizedthatshewasthereonbehalfofmyparent.ThatmademefeelitwasthebestChristmasofmylife.Wehavestayedintouch,andIcallPaulineatleastonceayear.Becauseoftheconfidencesheinstilled(灌输)inme,Iwentontohaveasuccessfulcareerinengineering题1：题干关键词为“thewriter'sformerschooling”，根据文中细节“failedthirdgrade”“barelymadeitthroughasecondtime”“hadmerelypassedthroughfourthgrade”“Iwasn't‘smart’andpopularliketheotherandlawengagement.Idon'tknowifPaulinerealizeshowmuchshehelpedme,butI'llneverforgetherkindnessandfaithinme.Itreatherasmyfamilymember.1.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethewriter'sformerschooling？A.Hewasfondofreading.B.Hepassedalltheexamseasily.C.Hewassmarterthanmostkids.D.Hewaspopularamongstudents.2.HowdidPaulineJambardhelpthewriterimprovestudies?A.Takegoodcareofthewriter.B.Helphimwithallthesubjects.C.Guidehimtoreallylikeschool.D.Advisehimtodomorereading.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto？A.Thewriter'smakingitthroughfifthgrade.B.Thewriter'slookingupandseeingMsJambard.C.MsJambard'sattendingthepartyashisparent.D.Theschool'sthrowingaChristmaspartyforthem.4.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage？A.OneofMyRespectedTeachersB.PaulineJambardBecameMyFamilyC.MyFavoriteTeacheratPrimarySchoolD.TheTeacherTaughtMeKindnessandFaithkids”以及“Ofallthesubjectsinschool,readingwasmyfavorite.”可知选A。题2：题干关键词为“How...improvestudies”，由文中细节“Terry,youkeepreading.Ifyoucanunderstandwhatyou'rereading,you'llbesmarterthanmostkids.”可知老师建议作者多读书。选D。题3：从本段可知，学校举办晚会，作者没有家庭成员可以邀请，而MsJambard代表他的家长出席晚会，这使作者认为这是他一生中最棒的圣诞节。选C。题4：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是作者在小学时的经历。由于成绩不好，每次都勉强升级，作者认为自己不聪明。遇到五年级的老师以后，老师鼓励他多读书，并且老师代表他的家长参加了圣诞聚会；老师给作者灌输的自信铸就了作者日后的事业成功，所以作者把老师看作自己的家人。选B。技法点拨考法1标题归纳题——“精准定位”法典例片段(2019·安徽押题卷)IfyouhadtoguesswhichdirectionApplewouldbeheadedin2019,whatmightyousay?Thecompany'siPhonebusinesshasbeenstricken.......Butwhat'smorelikelytohappenisthis:iPhoneswillgetevenmoreexpensive..........Forthefuture,Applewillcontinuetoputmoreemphasisonthosecategories.Andlookingevenfurtherout,itisalmostcertainthatApplewillenternewsectors.Applehasmadesomemistakesinitspoliciesinrecentyears.Butthecompanyisnotdownandout.Farfromit:Byfocusingonhigh­end,high­profittech,plusservices,allwhilekeepinganeyeonthefuture,Applewilllikelykeepitsdominantpositionformanyyearstocome.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A.iPhonesWillBeMoreExpensiveB.TheAdvantagesApplesWillHaveC.iPhonesWillWorkHarderD.AppleIsFacingDifficulty第一步主旨大意：议论文。苹果手机销售出现低谷，但作者认为苹果手机的价格会越来越高。第二步原因分析：通过专注于高端、高利润的技术和服务，同时着眼于未来，苹果很可能在未来的许多年里保持其主导地位。第三步对比选项：“手机的价格会越来越高”与选项A中的信息一致，故选A。考法2段落大意题——“首尾兼顾”法典例片段(2019·山东泰安模考)Cafesareeverywherethesedays,offeringasmanyvarietiesofcoffeeastherearewaystohaveitserved.Andthisleadstoarangeofprices,fromcheapgrab­and­gocoffee,totheultra­expensiveartisanalcoffee(匠人咖啡).However,anincreasingnumberofWesternconsumersarehappytopayalittlemorefortheircupinordertoensurethatitcomesfromanethically(道德地)producedandsustainablesource....WhatdoesParagraph1focuson？A.Thevarietiesofcoffee.B.Therangeofcoffeeprices.C.Thepopularityofartisanalcoffee.D.Thereasonforcustomerstopaymoreforcoffee.第一步段首信息：咖啡馆琳琅满目，咖啡种类繁多，价格不一。第二步段尾定位：越来越多的西方消费者宁愿多付钱确保生产的道德性和可持续发展性。第三步对比分析：A、B、C三项都是顾客愿意出高价购买的原因。D项具有概括性，故选D。考法3文章大意题——“主题归纳”法典例片段(2019·山东临沂模考)Abouttenmenineveryhundredsufferfromcolorblindnessinsomeway....Therearedifferentformsofcolorblindness...Colorblindnessinhumanbeingsisastrangethingtoexplain....Someinsectshavefavoritecolors....Inasimilarwayhumanbeingsalsohavefavoritecolors.Yetwearelucky.Withtheaidoftheconesinoureyeswecanseemanybeautifulcolorsbyday,andwiththeaidoftherodswecanseeshapesatnight.Onedaywemayevenlearnmoreabouttheinvisiblecolorsaroundus.Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A.Coloranditssurprisingeffects.B.Womenbeingluckierthanmen.C.Dangercausedbycolorblindness.D.Someinformationoncolorblindness.第一步首段主旨：10%的男人有不同程度的色盲。第二步段落大意：主要介绍关于色盲的信息：色盲有不同形式；色盲这种现象很难解释清楚；昆虫与人类都有喜欢的颜色，人在晚上可以看到形状。第三步对比选项：文中信息“colorblindness”与选项D中的信息一致，故选D。好题即练(2019·山东潍坊模考)语篇类型：说明文主题语境：植物Plantscannotrunorhide,sotheyneedotherstrategiestoavoidbeingeaten.Somecurluptheirleaves;othersproducechemicalstomakethemselvestastebadiftheysenseanimalsdrooling(垂涎)onthem,chewingthemuporlayingeggsonth