考研英语写作高分策略

考研英语写作高分策略康建刚引言Tom,tenyearsold,wasfailingmaths.Hisparentstriedeverythingtogethimtodowellinschool,butinvain.FinallytheyenrolledhiminaCatholicschool.Fromthefirstday,Tomspenteverynightporingoverhisbooks.Whenhisfirstreportcardarrivedhome,hehadreceivedanAinmathematics.“Son,”thefatherasked,“whatmadethedifference?Thenuns?Thetextbooks?”“I’dnevertakenmathsseriouslybefore,”Tomadmitted,“butwhenIwalkedinandsawthatguynailedtotheplussign,Iknewthisplacemeantbusiness.”——FromReader’sDigest三大纪律，八项注意纪律一：“死去活来”一、爱考研英语作文PygmalionEffectRosenthal,R.&Jacobson,L.(1968,1992)IloveEnglish.IloveNETEM(NationalEntranceTestofEnglishforMA/MSCandidates).二、写作提高三“步”曲死背→改写→活用Practicemakesperfect.纪律二：表达内容有钱能做很多事情。Havemoneycandomanythings.Havingmoneycandomanythings.Wecandomanythingswithmoney/ifwearerich.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatwecandomanythingswithmoney.纪律三：英语vs.汉语共性——程工，1999,《语言共性论》，上海外语教育出版社。特性——正迁移：Iloveyou.——负迁移：Thereare50studentsplaycomputergames.王红（2002）在抽样的30篇作文里，所发现的学生的错误有284个和母语干扰有关，占全部398个错误的2/3以上。一、英语：形合；汉语：意合英语：形合（“借助形态和形式词来表示词间、小句间和句子间的关系”，周志培，2003，p.34)汉语：意合（“不借助形态和形式词，靠词语与句子本身意义上的连贯与逻辑顺序而实现的连接”，周志培，2003，p.34）形态词internationalization↑internationalize↑internationalist,internationalism←international→internationality,internationally↑internationale←nation→nation-hood,nation-state,nation-wide↓nationally,nationality←national→nationalize,nationalization,nationalism↓nationalist↓nationalistic↓nationalistically形式词情有可原罪不可赦罪不可赦情有可原二、英语：繁复；汉语：简单Socialscienceisthatbranchofintellectualenquirywhichseekstostudyhumansandtheirendeavorsinthesamereasoned，orderly，systematic，anddispassionedmannerthatnaturalscientistsuseforthestudyofnaturalphenomena.社会科学是知识探索的一个分支，它力图像自然科学家研究自然现象那样，用理性的、有序的、系统的和冷静的方式研究人类及其行为。比较：Thepicturehasasnake.Thepicturehasacat.Thecatandsnakearecrying.Theyaregoingtobeeatenbypeople.Asisvividlydepictedinthecartoon,boththecatandthesnakeareonthetable,withtearsintheireyes,waitingtobeeatenbyhumans.三、英语：形聚神聚；汉语：形散神聚睡时，灯是不敢点的，她怕楼上的灯光招惹是非，也希冀眼前干净些，完全一片黑。（叶圣陶《夜》）Whenshewenttobedshedarednotlightthelampforfearthelightupstairswouldattractattentionandcausetrouble,besides,shepreferredtoseenothing,tobeinsheerdarkness.（周志培，2003，p.174）2003年作文Directions:Studythefollowingsetofdrawingscarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushoulddescribethesetofdrawings,interpretitsmeaning,andpointoutitsimplicationsinourlife.Youshouldwriteabout200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.（20points）20分例文ItgoeswithoutsayingthatthedrawingsaimatrevealingacommonandseriousprobleminChina:howtoeducateandcultivatetheyoung.Let’stakeacloserlookatthedrawings.Inanidealcondition,theflowerblooms.Butwhenmovedoutofthegreenhouse,itperishesundertherainandstorm.Itisobviousthatthefloweringreenhousecan’twithstandwindandrains.NowadaystheyounggenerationinChina,liketheflowerinthegreenhouse,liveunderthefullprotectionfromtheirparents.Parentswanttoshowalltheirlovetotheirchildren.Theygivetheirchildrenallthebestthingstheycanaffordanddonotlettheirchildrendoanythingathome.Self-centerednessandarbitrarinesshavebecomeatraitoftheyounggeneration.Onceleavingtheirparents,manyyoungpeoplecannotmakealivingoftheirown.Theygetlostwhensteppingintothecomplexrealityandcannotfaceanyhardshipsanddifficulties.Childreneducationhasbecomeoneofthemostpopulartopicsdiscussednotonlybyeducationexperts,butalsobypeopleinallwalksoflife.Thefailureofchildreneducationdoesmoreharmtothedevelopmentofoursocietyandourcivilizationthantochildrenthemselves.Thus,it’shightimethatparents,educatorsandthegovernmentmadeconcertedeffortstoputanendtothissituation.注意一：选词要精Ithink?Ibelieve/argue/hold/insist/maintain…AsfarasIamconcerned/Whenitcomestome/Inmyopinion/Inmyview…Itgoeswithoutsayingthat/Thereisnodenyingthefactthat…王立非，张岩，2007，p.110中国学生英语本族语者ThinkMakeMakeSeeGetUseMailTakeLearnFeelHyland,2006,p.61PhrasesinaHKLearnerCorpusFrequencyofphrasesper50,000wordsL2studenttextsL1studenttextsPublishedarticlesInthiscase0916Ithasalsobeen085Itcanbeseenthat084Anexampleofthisis083Thisisnottosaythat072L2studenttextsL1studenttextsPublishedarticlesFirstofall17015Ontheotherhand2393130Aswe/youknow11823Inmyopinion110120Allinall5920精选词汇madcowdiseaseBSEbovinospongiformencephalopathy（牛海绵状脑病）注意二：句型多变一、定语从句（限定性和非限定性）Asisshown/demonstrated/illustrated/depicted/described…inthecartoon/picture…,Therearemanyreasonswhypeoplemakeinsincerecommitments,but...Thefoodsupplywillnotincreasenearlyenoughtomatchthis,whichmeansthatweareheadingintoacrisisinthematterofproducingandmarketingfood.二、主语从句Whatyouhavedoneforuswillbeinourmemoryforever.Itiscommonknowledgethathonestyisthebestpolicy.Itisknowntoallthat…Itisgenerallybelievedthat…Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat…日积月累Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledged,thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.—PrideandPrejudice三、宾语从句Theybelievethatthecentralgovernment’sdecisiontodevelopthewesternpartofthecountryandthesuccessofBeijing’sbidtohostthe2008Olympicswillopenupfurtheropportunitiesforthecountry’sdevelopment.Experiencefromforeigncountriessuggeststhatnoaircraftmanufact