广东省2019春中考英语二轮复习 第Ⅰ章 专题十一 非谓语动词（pdf）

专题十一　非谓语动词非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括动词不定式(todo)、动名词(doing)和分词(doing/done)。在句中不能单独作谓语，但仍然保留动词的某些特征。初中阶段重点掌握不定式的基本用法。中考考点解读广东省卷近5年中考统计情况(★单项填空●完形填空◆短文填空)2014★inordernottodo2015★advisenottodo2016★expecttodo2017★asktodo接不定式2018★sb.thinkitadj.todo接动名词20142015201620172018省略to的不定式20142015201620172018考点分析：从近5年的考查情况来看，非谓语动词是单项填空的必考题，每年均考查1题，近几年考查的都是动词不定式。2019年备考时仍要重点掌握动词不定式，但也要掌握动名词和省略to的不定式的用法。考点①动词不定式(一)1.动词不定式的形式与特点结构例子肯定形式“to＋do”(有的不带to)Heaskedmetoplayfootballwithhim.他让我和他一起踢足球。(带to)Isawaboygoacrosstheroadjustnow.我刚才看见有个男孩过了马路。(不带to)否定形式“nottodo”Theteachertoldmenottobelateagain.老师告诉我不要再迟到。2.用法：作宾语、作宾语补足语、目的状语和主语(1)不定式作宾语结构例子①动词＋todosth.Suddenlyitbegantorain.(torain作began的宾语)天突然开始下雨。Ihopetoseethefamousscientist.(tosee作hope的宾语)我希望看到这位著名的科学家。常见后接不定式作宾语的动词wanttodosth.想做某事promisetodosth.承诺做某事plantodosth.计划做某事liketodosth.喜欢做某事refusetodosth.拒绝做某事begin/starttodosth.开始做某事trytodosth.设法做某事expecttodosth.期望做某事wouldliketodosth.愿意做某事常见后接不定式作宾语的动词decidetodosth.决定做某事offertodosth.主动提出做某事learntodosth.学做某事hopetodosth.希望做某事affordtodosth.承担得起做某事help(to)dosth.帮忙做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事continuetodosth.继续做某事pretendtodosth.假装做某事结构例子②疑问词与不定式连用作宾语whentodo(什么时候做)，howtodo(怎样做)，whattodo(做什么)，wheretodo(在哪儿做)，whichtodo(做哪一个)。例如：Idon’tknowwhattobuyformymother.(whattobuy作know的宾语)我不知道给妈妈买什么。结构例子③用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语在后面IfinditdifficulttolearnChinesewell.我发现学好中文很难。(2)不定式作宾语补足语MyfatheraskedMarytobuysomeflowersback.我爸爸叫玛丽去买些花回来。(Mary在句中作宾语，tobuy补充说明Mary要做的事)Mr.Litoldusnottoplaycomputergamesinthenetbar.李老师告诉我们不要在网吧玩电脑游戏。(us在句中作宾语，nottoplay补充说明us不要做的事)类似用法的动词有：asksb.(not)todosth.叫某人(不要)做某事wishsb.(not)todosth.希望某人(不要)做某事tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事wouldlikesb.(not)todosth.想要某人(不要)做某事wantsb.(not)todosth.想某人(不要)做某事encouragesb.(not)todosth.鼓励某人(不要)做某事teachsb.(not)todosth.教某人(不要)做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事expectsb.(not)todosth.盼望某人(不要)做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事advisesb.(not)todosth.建议某人(不要)做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事(3)不定式作目的状语ShewenttoChinatolearnChinese.(tolearn作目的状语)她去中国学中文。(4)不定式作主语Todosportsisveryhealthy.＝Itisveryhealthytodosports.做运动很健康。()1.(2018广东)Afterlongyearsofwar,manypeopleinSyriaarehomeless.Ithinkitimportant______apeacefulworld.A.buildB.notbuildC.tobuildD.nottobuildC()2.(2017广东)Formorethanonce,ourheadteacherasksus_______thehabitofkeepingadiary.A.developB.developsC.developingD.todevelopD中考真题面对面()3.(2016广东)LeonardoDiCaprio,afamousAmericanactor,wasalwaysexpecting_______anOscarandfinallyhemadeit.A.towinB.willwinC.nottowinD.notwinningA()4.(2015广东)Weadviseparents_______theirchildrenathomealoneinordertokeepthemawayfromdanger.A.notleaveB.nottoleaveC.leaveD.toleaveB()5.(2014广东)Inorder______forthemeeting,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.A.nottobelateB.notbeinglateC.tobelateD.beinglateA()6.(2013广东)—Ididn’thearyoucomeinjustnow.—That’sgood.Wetried_______anynoise,foryouweresleeping.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.tomakeD.makingB()7.(2012广东)Ittookmetwoweeks________readingthenovelswrittenbyGuoJingming.A.finishB.tofinishC.finishesD.finishingB()8.(2011广东)TrytosingmoreEnglishsongs,andyouwillfinditinteresting_______aforeignlanguage.A.learningB.learnsC.learnD.tolearnD()9.(2010广东)—WecanuseQQtochatwitheachotherontheInternet.—Really?Willyoupleaseshowme_______it?A.howtouseB.whattouseC.howcanIuseD.whatcanIuseA()10.(2009广东)Tom’smotheraskedhim_______somewashingafterdinner.A.todoB.doesC.doD.didA()1.JackhaslivedinChinaforthreeyears,butheisstillunable_______Chinesefluently.A.speakB.tospeakC.speakingD.nottospeakB()2.Therewasabigfireinthebuilding.Fortunately,allthepeoplemanaged_______fromtheburningbuilding.A.toescapeB.escapingC.escapeD.toescapingA对点专练()3.Ryanpromised_______hisoldfriendduringhisholidayinHainan.It’shardforhimtohaveabreakthisyear.A.seeB.seeingC.sawD.toseeD()4.—Iwilltrymybest______mysonfrommakingthesamemistake.—Youshouldlethimgothroughit.Thenhe'llunderstand.A.tostopB.stopC.stoppingD.stoppedA()5.Lotsofparentsoftenwarntheirkids_______theroadwhenthetrafficlightsarered.Buttheydon’talwaystaketheirparents’wordstoheart.A.tocrossB.crossingC.notcrossingD.nottocrossD1.省to的不定式使役动词和感官动词，后带宾语，再接不定式作宾补时，若为主动语态，不定式要省to；若为被动语态，要补to。常考的有：考点②动词不定式(二)makesb.dosth.使某人做某事watchsb.do(doing)sth.注视某人(正在)做某事letsb.dosth.让某人做某事noticesb.do(doing)sth.注意某人(正在)做某事havesb.dosth.使某人做某事seesb.do(doing)sth.看见某人(正在)做某事hearsb.do(doing)sth.听见某人(正在)做某事例如：Ioftenseehimrunontheroad.(省略to)我经常看见他在马路上跑步。2.不带to的常用句型hadbetter(not)dosth.最好(不)做某事Youhadbetterstayhere.It’sraininghard.wouldratherdoAthandoB宁愿做A，也不愿做BIwouldratherstayathomethangoouttoplay.prefertodoAratherthandoB宁愿做A，也不愿做BHepreferstohaveclassratherthanhavearest.Whydon’tyoudosth.?为什么不做某事？Whydon’tyougoouttoseeafilmwithme?Whynotdosth.?为什么不做某事？Whynotvisitmesometimenextweek?Would/Couldyoupleasedosth.?请问你能做某事吗？Would/Couldyoupleasepassmeaglassofwater?()1.—Forthecomingvacation,whynot_______goingabroadandseeingtheoutsideworld?—Thatsoundsgreat.ButIdon’thavesomuchmoney.A.considerB.toconsiderC.consideringD.considersA对点专练C()3.LiTaoissuchalazyboythathealwaysletshismother______bagsforhim.Hemustgetridofthebadhabit.A.carryingB.tocarryC.carryD.carriedC()2.—Goinghikingwithagroupofp