（京津鲁琼专用）2020版高考英语二轮复习 专题一 阅读理解 第二部分 第一讲 理解文中具体信息——

-1-专题一阅读理解细节理解题——直接细节题(建议用时：25分钟)A(2019·河北石家庄二中高三模拟考试)BornintheStateofNewYorkonMay14th,1984,MarkZuckerbergwasaninstantsuccess.Inhishighschoolyears,hewasconsideredoneoftopstudentsintheclass,beforemovingintothearts,sciences,andliterature,againpickinguphighmarksandreceivingacademicpraise.ItearnedhimadmissiontoHarvardUniversity.Asarebelliousyetrelativelyquietstudent,hecreatedawebsitecalledFacemashintheuniversity—aninstantlycontroversialwebsitethatencouragedstudentstorateeachotherbasedonappearance.Thesitewascontroversialforseveralreasons.Thefirstwasitsillegaluseofphotographs,whichtheuniversityandstudentstookissuewith.Thesecondwasitscontroversialnature—noteverystudentlikesbeingrankedbasedontheirappearance.Thethirdwasitshugeresourceuse—whileitwashostedonHarvardservers,itwasthemostpopularpageintheuniversity’sentirenetwork.Zuckerbergwassoonforcedtoshutthesitedown,butitspopularityandcontroversyhadmadehimconsideritsfuturepotential.HesoonturnedthesimplesiteintoapersonaloneforHarvardstudents,encouragingthemtonetworkwiththeirpeersatthecollege.Itwasthen,togetherwithhistwofriends,thattheylaunched“TheFacebook”，whichimmediatelyspreadtoothercollegesandgrewintoapublicservicethatanyonecouldaccessintheUnitedStates,whethertonetworkwithfriendsandfamily,ortoplaygames.Thecompanyhasbeencriticizedfrequently,nevertheless,Zuckerberghasremainedtruetohisinitialvision—tocreateawebsitethattheentireworldcanusetocommunicateopenlyandeasilywithoneanotherandtokeeptheuserexperiencecleanandpure.Theendresultisoneoftheworld’sbiggestonlinebusinesses.Althoughitstruevalueisdebatable,it’ssafetosaythatFacebook,anditscreatorMarkZuckerberg,aretwoofthetwenty­firstcentury’smostinfluential,controversial,andpotentiallypowerfulfigures.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Facebook网站的创始人Zuckerberg-2-创建网站的过程以及他努力克服所遇困难的故事。1．WhatcanweknowaboutMarkZuckerbergwhenhewasastudent?A．Hewasoftenpraisedbyteachersforthewebsitehecreated.B．Hehadgoodacademicperformance.C．HealonecreatedawebsitecalledFacebook.D．Heencouragedstudentstosetupbusinesslikehim.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Inhishighschoolyears,hewasconsideredoneoftopstudentsintheclass,beforemovingintothearts,sciences,andliterature,againpickinguphighmarksandreceivingacademicpraise.”可知，MarkZuckerberg在学生时期就有良好的学业表现。故B项正确。2.WhydidZuckerbergshutthesitedown?A．Becausehiswebsitewasnotpopular.B．Becausehewasdoubtedforthewayheusedphotographs.C．Becauseheneededtimetoreconsiderhischoice.D．BecausehestoleresourceonHarvardserver.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Thefirstwasitsillegaluseofphotographs,whichtheuniversityandstudentstookissuewith.”可知，他关闭该网站的第一个因素就是照片的非法使用。故B项正确。3．WhichwordscanbestdescribeZuckerberg?A．Easy­goingandsmart.B．Quietandshy.C．Talentedandoutgoing.D．Rebelliousandcreative.D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Asarebelliousyetrelativelyquietstudent,hecreatedawebsitecalledFacemashintheuniversity”可知，Zuckerberg是一个叛逆的学生，并且在学生时期就创建了网站。由此可推知，Zuckerberg是叛逆的和有创造性的。故D项正确。4．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．MarkZuckerbergandHisFacebookB．TheFoundationofFacebookC．ATalentfromHarvardUniversityD．TheDevelopmentofFacebookA解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Zuckerberg在创建网站的过程中遇到的困难以及他努力克服所遇困难的过程，A项适合作本文的标题。故A项正确。-3-[长难句分析]Itwasthen,togetherwithhistwofriends,thattheylaunched“TheFacebook”，whichimmediatelyspreadtoothercollegesandgrewintoapublicservicethatanyonecouldaccessintheUnitedStates,whethertonetworkwithfriendsandfamily,ortoplaygames.(第四段第三句)分析：本句是一个主从复合句。Itwas...that构成强调句；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“TheFacebook”；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词apublicservice。译文：就在那时，他和两个朋友一起推出了“TheFacebook”。Facebook迅速传播到其他大学并发展成为一项公共服务。在美国，任何人都可以使用这一服务，无论是用来与朋友和家人联系，还是玩游戏。B(2019·河南六市高三第一次联考)Whileweatherforecasterscanmakefairlyaccuratepredictions,there’salwaystheriskthatyou’llbecaughtoutwhiledrivingintherain.ButthedaysofhavingtoquicklycloseyoursunroofcouldsoonbeathingofthepastthankstoJaguarLandRover’slatesttechnology.Thefirmisdevelopingcarsthatcanadaptautomaticallybyclosingwindowsandroofsorstartingtheheateriftheydetectbadweatherisontheway.Theweatherforecastingsystemusesasetofairpressure,humidity(湿度)andlightsensors(传感器)tohelpitsvehiclespredictchangesinconditionsandadapttothem.Carsequippedwiththesystemcouldmakeslightchangestotheairconditioningifitfindstheweatherisgettingwarmerduringajourneyorincreasethecabintemperatureifitwillgetcolder.Theforecastmayindicatethereisapossibilityofoneormoreweatherconditions,suchasrain,withinaperiodoftime,suchasfiveminutes.Thevehiclemaythenadapttothelocalweatherconditions.Inparticular,itmaycloseoneormorewindows,orclosearoofofthevehicleinresponsetoaforecastofrain.Similarlywindowscouldbedarkenedusingelectrochromic(电致变色的)glasstoimprovevisibilityifbrightsunshineisforecast.Althoughit’sunclearwhetherthistechnologywillmakeitswaytoaproductionvehicleanytimesoon,suchasystemwouldbeadvantageousonautonomousvehicles.Sincethere’snohumandriverpresent,thesystemwillallowthevehicletomakeitcomfortableforitspassengers,basedoncurrentweatherconditions.Itcanalsomakethevehiclesaferifitknowsrainorsnowiscoming.-4-【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了捷豹路虎最新的技术——天气预报系统。该系统使用了一整套气压、湿度和光线传感器，帮助车辆预测大气状况的变化并加以适应。5．HowwillJaguarLandRover’slatesttechnologybenefitdrive