（新课标）2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 3 Under the sea Section

1SectionⅢGrammar——动词­ing的被动语态语境自主领悟先观察原句1.IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn'tlikebeingkeptwaiting，soeventhoughIdidn'thavetherightclotheson，Iracedafterhim.2.Aswedrewcloser，Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.3.Beingbadlywounded，thewhalesoondied.4.FromJames'sface，Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyus.5....whenweapproachedhim，IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldinthewaterbyOldTom.后自主感悟1.所有例句中的黑体部分都是动词­ing的被动形式，其构成是being＋done。2.例句1中的黑体部分作动词like的宾语。3.例句2、5中的黑体部分作动词see的宾语补足语。4.例句3中的黑体部分作原因状语。5.例句4中的黑体部分作介词of的宾语。动词­ing形式所表示的动作是一个被动动作时，要用动词­ing的被动形式。包括其一般形式和完成形式。一、动词­ing被动形式的构成形式用法一般式Beingdone被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生完成式Havingbeendone被动的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前Thebuildingbeingbuiltwillbeourschoollibrary.正在建造的那座大楼将是我们学校的图书馆。Havingbeeninvited，Mr.Liwenttheretogiveaspeechthoughhewasbusy.2李先生受邀去那儿作演讲，尽管很忙，但他还是去了。[即时训练1]单句语法填空①Havingbeenwarned(warn)abouttyphoon，thefishermensailedforthenearestharbor.②Thequestionbeingdiscussed(discuss)nowhassomethingtodowithnature.二、动词­ing被动形式的用法动词­ing的被动式在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、补足语、状语。Sheinsistedonbeinggiventhehardestwork.(作宾语)她坚持被派给最艰苦的工作。You'llfindthetopicbeingdiscussedeverywhere.(作宾语补足语)你会听到到处都在讨论这个话题。BeingselectedChairmanofthestudents'unionmadehimfeelproud.(作主语)被选为学生会主席，他很自豪。Notbeingallowedtogooutmakeshimveryangry.(作主语)他不被允许出去，这让他很生气。[名师点津]在动词­ing被动式前加否定副词not便可构成其否定形式。Whatmadehisparentshappywashisbeingadmittedtoafamousuniversity.(作表语)让他父母高兴的是他被一所名牌大学录取了。Themuseumbeingrepairedwillbereopenedtovisitorsnextyear.(作定语)正在维修的博物馆将从明年开始接待客人。[名师点津]beingdone，tobedone与done作定语的区别tobedone作定语一般表示未来动作；done表示被动完成的动作；beingdone表示被动的、正在进行的动作。Theproblemtobediscussed(＝whichwillbediscussed)atthemeetingisveryimportant.会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。Theproblemdiscussed(＝whichwasdiscussed)atthemeetingisveryimportant.会上讨论过的问题非常重要。Theproblembeingdiscussed(＝whichisbeingdiscussed)atthemeetingisveryimportant.会上正在讨论的问题非常重要。3[即时训练2]单句语法填空①Istillrememberbeingtaken(take)totheGreatWallandwhatIsawthere.②Havingbeentold(tell)manytimes，hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.③Iheardthissongbeingsung(sing)inEnglishthen.三、几种特殊用法1．在deserve，need，require，want等词之后，总是用动词­ing的主动形式表达被动意义，相当于“tobe＋过去分词”。Theblackboardneedscleaning.＝Theblackboardneedstobecleaned.黑板需要擦干净。Thebrokenwindowwantsrepairing.＝Thebrokenwindowwantstoberepaired.那个破窗户需要修理。2．beworth后也常跟动词­ing的主动形式表达被动意义。Thebookisworthreadingagain.＝Thebookisworthyofbeingreadagain.＝Thebookisworthytobereadagain.这本书值得再读一遍。3．动词­ing被动式的复合结构当动词­ing被动式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动词­ing形式之前加上物主代词或名词所有格(整个复合结构不作主语时，可用人称代词宾格代替物主代词，名词普通格代替名词所有格)。Iamverypleasedatyou/yourhavingbeenhonoredwithamedal.很高兴你能获得一枚奖牌。Thedecisionhavingbeenmade，thenextproblemwashowtomakeagoodplan.决定已经做出，下一个问题就是如何制订一个好的计划了。[即时训练3]单句语法填空①Theroadiscoveredwithsomefallentreesandtheyrequireremoving/toberemoved(remove)immediately.②Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft，themostrecentonehavingbeenlaunched(launch)attheendoflastyear.③Ifathingisworthyofbeingdone(do)，itisworthdoing(do)well.单句语法填空1．Asweapproachedthevillage，wesawnewhousesbeingbuilt(build)．2．Iappreciatedhavingbeengiven(give)thechancetostudyabroadtwoyears4ago.3．Henarrowlyescapedbeingrun(run)over.4．Theflowerssmelling(smell)sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.5．Nothavingbeentold(tell)whentheplaystarted，hecamelatetothetheatreandmissedthefirstscene.6．Afraidofbeingattacked(attack)bysharks，peopledarenotgoswimminginthesea.7．Beingadmitted(admit)toherdreamuniversitywasagreatthrillforAnne.8．Beinghunted(hunt)bythefiercetiger，thedeerhadnowheretohideitself.9．Havingbeenused(use)foronlyhalfayear，thecomputerlooksalmostnew.10．Beingexposed(expose)tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.