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-1-SectionⅢGrammar——非限制性定语从句语境自主领悟先观察原句1.XieLei,whois21yearsold,hascometoouruniversitytostudyforabusinessqualification.2.Livingwithhostfamilies,inwhichtheremaybeothercollegestudents,givesherthechancetolearnmoreaboutthenewculture.3.Sheishalfwaythroughthepreparationyear,whichmostforeignstudentscompletebeforeapplyingforadegreecourse.4.“Youhavetogetusedtoawholenewwayoflife,whichcantakeupallyourconcentrationinthebeginning,”explainedXieLei,whohadlivedallherlifeinthesamecityinChina.后自主感悟1.所有例句中的黑体部分都是非限制性定语从句,其标志为从句与主句之间用逗号隔开。位置可以置于主句之中(如例句1、2),也可以置于主句之后(如例句3、4)。2.例句1中先行词为XieLei,指人,在从句中作主语,故用who引导。3.例句2中先行词为hostfamilies,指物,在从句中作介词in的宾语,故用inwhich引导。4.例句3中先行词为thepreparationyear,指物,在从句中作动词complete的宾语,故用which引导。5.例句4中which指代整个主句的内容;who指代先行词XieLei。一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句意义起限定作用,指特定的人或物,从句不可省略,否则原句句意不完整仅作补充或说明,若去掉从句,主句意思完整结构要求紧跟先行词,从句与先行词之间不加逗号用逗号与先行词或主句隔开功能修饰先行词修饰先行词或整个主句引导所有的关系代词及副词关系代词或关系副词,但是关系代-2-词词that及关系副词why除外省略情况关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省去非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省去译法翻译成先行词的定语,“……的”通常翻译成主句的并列句Wevisitedtheschoolwherewestudiedtwoyearsago.(限制性定语从句,起限定作用)我们参观了两年前在那儿上学的学校。Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,liesinthecentreofthecity.那套房子位于市中心,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性定语从句,不表明有多少套房子)Thehousewhich/thatweboughtlastmonthliesinthecentreofthecity.我们上个月买的那套房子位于市中心。(限制性定语从句,暗含“可能有若干套房子”之意)[即时训练1]用适当的关系词填空①Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.②Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,which,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.二、使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题1.非限制性定语从句不用that引导。Iamfondofthenovel,whichyouboughtforme.我喜欢那本小说,就是你给我买的那本。2.非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用forwhich代替why。Ihavetoldhimthereason,forwhichImissedtheearlybus.我没能赶上早班车,我已经告诉了他原因。3.非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是整个主句的内容,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。Heisshallow,whichisknowntousallinourcompany.(先行词为主句的内容)他很肤浅,我们公司的人都知道。[即时训练2]用适当的关系词填空①WangFangpassedherexam,whichsurprisedmeagreatdeal.②Thereason,forwhichhewasabsentfromthemeeting,wasn'tgiven.三、as,which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别关系词aswhich指代指代整个主句所表达的内容既可指代整个主句所表达的内容,又可-3-指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前、之中或之后引导的从句不能位于主句之前意义常用来表示说话人对于某事的态度、解释或评论等,含有“正如……”的意思一般表示某事的状况或结果,含有“这,那”的意思Asweknow,lighttravelsfasterthansound.=Light,asweknow,travelsfasterthansound.=Lighttravelsfasterthansound,asweknow.正如我们所知,光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快。Smokingisharmfultoone'shealth,asisknowntoall.吸烟有害健康,这一点是众所周知的。Myparentsoftentreatmeasababy,whichIcan'tbear.父母常常把我当小孩看待,这是我难以忍受的。[名师点津]as常用在一些固定结构中。asissaidabove如上所述asisknowntoall众所周知ashasbeensaidbefore如前所说asisoftenthecase情况常常如此ashasbeenpointedout正如已经指出的那样asoftenhappens这种情况常常发生asisalreadymentionedabove就跟上边所提到的那样asyoucansee就跟你看到的那样[即时训练3]用适当的关系词填空①Thereisnosimpleanswer,asisoftenthecaseinscience.②Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,whichisquiteunexpected.四、“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句该结构中,关系代词指人时用whom,指物时用which,不可以用that;关系代词在从句中作定语时用whose。fromwhere也可以引导定语从句。Hecametoafarm,onwhichhefinallysettled.他来到一个农场,最终在那里定居。Hehastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors.他有两个儿子,都是医生。-4-Thefamily,atwhosehouseIstayed,arefriendsofmyfather's.那家人是我父亲的朋友,我在他们家住过。Westoodatthetopofthehill,fromwherewecanseethewholetown.我们站在山顶上,从那里可以看到整个城镇。[名师点津]介词的选择(1)根据与从句中的动词、形容词或名词所构成的固定短语来确定。(2)根据与先行词的搭配来确定。(3)根据整个句意来确定。[即时训练4]用适当的关系词填空①Withthefastdevelopmentofagriculture,thepeople,inwhosevillageshetaught10yearsago,havelivedahappylife.②Thepolicearrived,afterwhichthesituationbecamecalmer.③Soonaftergettingoffhishorse,thecaptainappearedatthesecondstoreywindows,fromwherehecouldseenothingbuttrees.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Asisknowntoeverybody,themoonissmallerthantheearth.2.Ididn'tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade,whenIwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.3.Hewaseagertogotothehospitaltoseehisstepmother,whomhelovedandrespectedashisownmother.4.Hehaspassedthecollegeentranceexamination,whichmakeshisparentsquitehappy.5.Theglasses,withoutwhichhewaslikeablindman,werebroken.6.MoYan,mostofwhosenovelshavebeenadaptedforfilms,isnowaworldfamouswriter.7.ThelivingstandardofthepeopleinChina,asisshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepastdecades.8.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachofwhichusesitdifferently.9.Youwillhavetowaitforonemoreweek,whenthemanagerwillbebackfromhistrip.-5-10.Wewalkeddownthevillagestreet,wherepeoplewerehavingamarketday.Ⅱ.用非限制性定语从句完成句子1.众所周知,月亮每月绕地球转一周。Asisknowntoall/everybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(as)2.昨天她买了些布,她打算用这些布做一件裙子。Sheboughtsomeclothyesterday,withwhichshewasgoingtomakeadress.(with)3.他们住在一个高楼里,在楼的前面矗立着一棵大树。Theylivedinatallbuilding,infrontofwhichstoodabigtree.(stand)4.让我们为我们的约会定个日期,届时我们将谈论这件事。Let'sfixthedateforourappointment,whenwewilldiscussthematter.(discuss)5.这群人共有60人,其中一半的人是工人。Thereare60peopleinthegroup,halfofwhomareworkers.(whom)
本文标题:(新课标)2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 5 Travelling abroad Sect
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