2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 3 The Qin Tomb and the Terr

-1-Module3TheQinTombandtheTerracottaWarriorsTheGreatWallKnowntotheChineseasthe“LongWallofTenThousandLi”，theformidabledefensivestructuresbuilttowardoffinvasionoftheCelestialEmpirebybarbariansiscalledtheGreatWallortheWallofChinabyEuropeans.TheprincipleoftheseextraordinaryfortificationsgoesbacktotheChunqiuperiod(722­481BC)andtotheWarringStatesperiod(453­221BC)．Theconstructionofcertainwallscanbeexplainedbyfeudalconflicts,suchasthatbuiltbytheWeiin408BCtodefendtheirkingdomagainsttheQin.Itsvestiges(残留部分),conservedinthecentreofChina,antedateby(先于)manyyearsthewallsbuiltbytheKingdomsofQin,ZhaoandYanagainstthenorthernbarbariansaround300BC.Beginningin220BC,QinShihuang,thefounderoftheEmpireoftheTenThousandGenerations,undertooktorestoreandlinkuptheseparatesectionsoftheGreatWallwhichhadbeenbuiltinthe3rdcenturyBC,orperhapsevenearlier,andwhichstretchedfromtheregionoftheOrdostoManchuria.Towardsthewest,hehadextendedthefortifications(防御工事；加强),thefirstcohesivedefensesystemofwhichsignificantvestigesstillremaininthevalleyoftheHuangheallthewaytoLanzhoushortlybeforetheaccessionoftheHanDynasty(206BC)．DuringtheirreigntheGreatWallwasextendedevenfurther,andundertheemperorWudi(140­87BC)itspannedapproximately6,000kmbetweenDunhuanginthewestandtheBohaiSeaintheeast.ThedangerofincursionalongthenorthernChineseborderbythefederatedMongols,TurksandTunguzoftheEmpireoftheXiongnu,thefirstempireofthesteppes,madeadefensepolicymorenecessarythanever.AfterthedownfalloftheHanDynasty(AD220),theGreatWallentereditsmedievalphase.Constructionandmaintenanceworkswerehalted(停止)；Chinaatthattimeenjoyedsuchgreatmilitarypowerthattheneedforadefensepolicywasnolongerfelt.1．WhywastheGreatWallbuiltinancientdays?_________________________________________________________________-2-2．Whichkingdombuilttheearliestwall?Andwhenwasitbuilt?_________________________________________________________________3．InwhichdynastydidtheGreatWallreachitslongestspan?_________________________________________________________________【答案】1.TowardoffinvasionoftheCelestialEmpirebybarbarians.2．TheWeiin408BC.3．TheHanDynasty.SectionⅠReading[Introduction&ReadingandVocabulary(1)]Ⅰ.词义搭配1．archaeologyA．akindofheavyearththatbecomeshardwhenitisdry2．warriorB．aholeintheground3．clayC．stick,makefast,withglue4．unifyD．thestudyofculturesofthepast,andofperiodsofhistorybyexaminingtheremainsofbuildings5．pitE．carve,cut,oretchintoamaterialorsurface6．glueF．asoldierorexperiencedfighter7．inscribeG．make(parts)intoone(whole)【答案】1.D2.F3.A4.G5.B6.C7.EⅡ.用下列短语的适当形式填空describe...as...；thinkof；inorderto；soasto；rob...of...；workon；everytime；beproudof1．Didyouever________________discussingtheseproblemshearttoheartwithyourparents?2．Thestudentshavebeen________________theircompositionforhours.3．She________herchildhood____________atimeofwonderanddiscovery.4．Hekepthimselfbusyworking________________stopthinkingabouther.5．Hegoesthroughthewholeperformanceofcheckingtheoilandwater____________hedrivesthecar.6．Thethieves________thepassengers________alltheirmoneyandjewels.【答案】1.thinkof2.workingon3.described；as4．soasto5.everytime6.robbed；of-3-Ⅰ.阅读P30课文内容，完成下面表格WhythewriterisatthesiteThewriterisan1.________studentfromLondon,England,andheisinnorthwestChina'sShaanxiProvince,36kilometreseastofXi'an.He'sworkingononeofthemostfamousarchaeological2.________intheworld.EmperorQinShihuangandhistombMostChinesechildrenwillbeabletotellyouthatQinShihuangwastheemperorwhofirst3.________Chinaover2,000yearsago.WhenhebecamekingofthestateofQinattheageof13,heimmediatelyorderedworkersto4.________anundergroundtombforhim.thediscoveryofthewarriorsIt'sinterestingthewaythe5.______warriorswerediscovered.In1974somepeasantswerediggingawellwhenoneofthemduguptheheadofa6.________warrior.descriptionofwhatthewarriorslooklikeIt'ssostrangetoseethemstandingtherein7.________，alldressedandreadyforbattle.Theyweremadetolookasrealaspossibleandareastallasmostsoldierstoday.HowthesoldiersweremadeAllthesoldierswerebuiltusingthesame8.________.Thelegsweremadeofsolidclay.Theotherbodypartswereallmadeseparatelyandwere9.________inside.themenwhomadethewarriorsThenameofthemanwhomadeeachsoldieris10.________somewhereonthewarriors.【答案】1.archaeology2.sites3.unified4．construct5.terracotta6.clay7.columns8．methods9.hollow10.inscribedⅡ.阅读P39课文内容，判断正(T)误(F)1．Manyterracottawarriorsmadeofclaywerediscovered3,000yearsago.()2．AlltheChinesechildrenwillbeabletotellyouthatQinShihuangwastheemperorwhofirstunifiedChinaover2,000yearsago.()3．WhenQinShihuangbecamekingofthestateofQinattheageof13，heordered-4-workerstoconstructtheGreatWall.()4．Over7,400warriorsweremadeusingthesamemethods.()5．Thesoldiers'uniformsshowtheirpositioninthearmy.()【答案】1～5FFFTTⅢ.阅读P31课文内容，完成课文缩写1．________，mygreatestpleasureisbeingabletoentertheunderground2.________andseethesoldiers.It'ssostrangetoseethemstandingtherein3.________，alldressedandreadyfor4.________.Theyweremadetolookasrealaspossibleandareaseasytoimaginethattheyarearealarmy.The5.________carryweapons,andweardifferent6.________dependingontheir7.________inthearmy.Theuniformswerepaintedmanydifferent