2019年高中英语 Module 5 Ethnic Culture Section Ⅰ Introd

1Module5EthnicCultureTheBasha(巴沙族)TheBashagroupbelongstoabranchoftheMiaoethnicminorityinGuizhouProvinceandisreportedtobethelasttribeofgunman.Almosteverymanabovetheageof14carriesagunandaknife,whichtheyregardasasignofbraveryandhonor.Theyhavespoken—notwritten—language.TheybelievetheirlifehasbeenblessedbytheGodofTrees.Therearelessthan1,000peoplelivinginthetribenow,buttheircustoms,thankstothehighmountains,haveremainedwhattheywerethousandsofyearsago.TheDeng(僜族)Dengpeople,alsoknownasMishmipeople,arethesmallestethnicminoritylivinginTibetbypopulation.Theyoncelivedindeepmountains.Accordingtotheirtradition,womenarenotallowedtoeatpork,beefandchickenaftereightyearsold,otherwisetheywillbepunishedbythewholecommunity.Knivesplayanimportantroleintheirdailylife.Theycanbeusedforfarming,huntingandprotectingthemselvesincaseofdangers.TheMiao(苗族)Richinethnictraditionandgeographical(地理的)resources,GuizhouinsouthwestChinaiswellknownasanethnicmuseum.TheMiaopeople'svillageofZhongdong—whichmeans“middlecave”—isbuiltinahugenaturalcave.InotherpartsofChina,peopleliveinhouses,butZhongdongis,thelocalgovernmentbelieves,thelastplaceinthecountrywherepeopleliveinanaturalcavealltheyearround.ThevillagersareallethnicMiaopeople.TheHezhe(赫哲族)Asanancientandhard­workingethnicgroup,theHezheethnicminorityisasmallmemberinthe56ethnicgroupsinChina.TheymainlyliveontheborderbetweenChinaandRussia.TheHezhepeoplearetheonlyoneswholiveonfishinganddrivingasledge(雪橇)pulledbydogsinnorthernChina.ThefishingindustryisthemainsourceofincomeformostHezhes.Oldandyoung,maleandfemale,theyareallgoodatfishing.SectionⅠIntroduction&Reading—Pre­reading2[原文呈现][读文清障]SimonWakefield'sYunnanDiarySimonWakefieldtravelledroundYunnanafterleavinguniversity①.Belowareextracts②fromthediarythathekept③.April20thI'vebeeninYunnanfortwomonthsnowandI'mstillastonishedby④howvaried⑤thelandscapeis.Downinthesouth,inXishuangbanna,it'sverytropical⑥，buthereIaminLi­jiang,innorth­westYunnan.Lijiangishalfnewtownandhalfoldtown.Theoldtownisonthesideof⑦amountainandopposite⑧itisthe5,500metreYulongXueshanMountain,itspeakcoveredwithsnow⑨.TheskyisclearblueandIdon'tthinkI'veeverseenanythingelsesobeautifulinmylife.EarlythismorningIwalkeduptoabeautifulparkontheslopesof⑩themountain,andsatandwatchedasthetownslowlywokeup⑪totheday.Seenfromabove⑫，theoldtownisamaze⑬ofcanals,littlebridgesandtinycobbled⑭streets⑮thattouristsgetlostin⑯.Threeriversrunthrough⑰thecityandwhereveryougo⑱，youhearthesoundofrushingwater⑲.Carsarenotallowed⑳intheoldtown.Asyouwalkpast○21theancientwoodenandstonehouses○22，youfeelyouarewalkingbackintothepast○23.①leaveuniversity大学毕业②extractn．摘录③Belowareextracts...是全部倒装结构；thathekept是定语从句。④beastonishedby是被动语态。beastonishedat是系表结构。⑤varied/'veərId/adj.各种各样的；形形色色的(＝various)⑥tropicaladj.热带的⑦onthesideof在……的一侧⑧oppositeprep.在……的对面⑨itspeakcoveredwithsnow为独立主格结构，作状语。它的构成是：名词＋过去分词。⑩ontheslopesof在……的斜坡上⑪wakeup醒来⑫seenfromabove为过去分词短语作条件状语。⑬maze/meIz/n.迷宫；曲径⑭cobbled/'kɒbld/adj.铺鹅卵石的⑮thattouristsgetlostin是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词amaze。⑯getlostin在……里迷路，迷失于……中3⑰runthrough穿过⑱whereveryougo是wherever引导的让步状语从句。⑲rushingwater流水⑳beallowed(todo)被允许(做)○21pastprep.到另一侧○22Asyouwalkpast...是时间状语从句。○23thepast过去西蒙·韦克菲尔德的云南旅行日记[以上部分译文]西蒙·韦克菲尔德大学毕业后去了云南旅游。下面是摘录的他的几则日记。4月20日现在我来云南已经两个月了，这里多姿多彩的风景仍然令我惊讶不已。南部的西双版纳是典型的热带气候，但现在我在云南西北部的丽江。丽江一半是新城，一半是古城。古城依山而建，对面是海拔5500米的玉龙雪山，山顶白雪皑皑。这里的天空碧蓝如洗，我认为我一生从未见过如此的美景。今天清晨，我走进山坡上一个美丽的公园，坐看古城慢慢地从睡梦中醒来。从上面俯瞰，古城就是一座由沟渠、小桥和鹅卵石铺成的街巷构成的迷宫，游人极易迷失其中。三条小河穿过古城，不管游人走到哪里，都能听见潺潺的流水声。汽车禁止进入古城。当你走过一座座木石结构的老屋时，你会感觉自己恍如走进了过去。April23rdThisregioniswheretheNaxiethnic○24grouplive○25andI'vespentseveralafternoonssitting○26inacaféintheoldtownsquare,justwatchingpeople○27.Theircultureisfascinating○28.Forexample,itisthewomenwhorun○29Naxisociety○30，anduntilrecently,Naxiwomeninherited○31allproperty○32.Theysitinsmallcirclesinthesquare,withtheirbabiesontheirbacks,completelyuninterestedinthetourists○33！Theyhavethecustom○34ofplayingcardsoncardtablesinthemiddleofthestreet.TheNaxistillweartraditionalcostume○35—thewomenwearblueblousesandtrousers○36coveredbyablueorblackapron○37.ThisafternoonIwasluckyenoughto○38meetaNaximanfromtheoldtown.Hewasbetween80and90yearsold,butwasfullofenergy○39.HespokesomeEnglishandshowedmesometranslationsofNaxipoems.Itwasfascinatingtoreadthem!TheNaxilanguageistheonlyhieroglyphic○40languagestillinuse○41andisover1,000yearsold.TheNaxibelievethattheycamefromacreaturecalledTabu,whohelpedthemhatch○42frommagiceggs.Thisstoryisshowninpicturesinbooksputtogetherinthe10th4century○43，andtherearestillafewcopies○44oftheseancientbooksinLijiang.○24ethnic/'eθnIk/adj.种族的；民族的○25wheretheNaxi...是where引导的表语从句。○26spend...sitting花(时间)坐在，sitting前省略了in。○27watchingpeople是伴随状语。○28fascinatingadj.迷人的fascinatedadj.入迷；极感兴趣的；被迷住的○29run/rʌn/v.控制；管理○30itisthewomenwhorunNaxisociety是强调句型。○31inherit/In'herIt/v.继承○32property/'prɒpəti/n.[U]财产○33withtheirbabiesontheirbacks是“with＋名词＋介词短语”的with复合结构，它和后面的uninterestedin...均在句中作伴随状语。○34custom/'kʌstəm/n.风俗，习惯，传统○35costumen．[C，U](某地或某历史时期的)服装，装束○36coveredby...是过去分词短语作后置定语。○37apron/'eIprən/n.围裙○38beluckyenoughtodosth.足够幸运做某事○39fullof