2019-2020学年高中英语 阶段综合测评2（含解析）新人教版选修9

1阶段综合测评(二)(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)ARobertBallardwasbornin1942.Fromanearlyage,helovedthesea.BallardgrewupinSouthernCalifornia.Hespenthisfreetimeatthebeachnearhishome.Heenjoyedfishingandswimming.Heevenlearnedtodive.WhenBallardwasn'tattheocean,helovedreadingaboutit.Atage10,hereadTwentyThousandLeaguesUndertheSea,abookwhichdescribestheunderseaadventuresofCaptainNemo.BallarddecidedhewantedtobelikeCaptainNemowhenhegrewup.Hisparentshelpedhimfollowhisdream.Ballardwasahardworkingstudent.Hespentmanyyearslearningallhecouldabouttheocean.Bytheageof28,hewasanexpert.In1970，hetookajobasascientistatWoodsHoleOceanographicInstituteinMassachusetts.TherehestudiedunderwatermountainsoftheAtlanticOcean.Hecameupwithwaystopredictvolcanoesundertheoceans.Workingwithotherscientists,Ballardalsofoundpreviouslyunknownseaanimals.Theseanimalslivedfarbelowtheocean'ssurface，wherescientistshadbelievednoanimalscouldlive.Bythe1980s，Ballard'sinterestschanged.Hedevelopedunmannedvehiclestoexploretheoceanbottom.Hisfirstfind，thewell­knownshipTitanic，madeBallardfamous.Hewasnothappywithjustonebigfind，however.Helookedforandfoundotherwell­knownships.OnewastheGermanbattleshipBismarck.AnotherwastheUSS.Yorktown，anaircraftcarrier(航空母舰)thatsankduringWorldWarⅡ.TodayRobertBallardisstillanunderwaterexplorer.Healsoheadsanorganizationthatencouragesstudentstolearnaboutscience.Ballardhopesthatsomeofthestudentswillfollowinhisfootsteps.Afterall,theworld'shugeoceansaremostlyunknown.Whoknowswhatremainstobediscoveredunderthesea?【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要叙述了RobertBallard成为水下探险家的经过。1．WhatwasBallard'sdreamwhenhewasyoung?A．Tobeascienceteacher.B．Tobeafamouswriter.2C．Tobeananimalexpert.D．Tobeanunderwaterexplorer.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“BallarddecidedhewantedtobelikeCaptainNemowhenhegrewup.”并结合第二段第二句可知，他的梦想是成为水下探险家。【答案】D2．WhenBallardworkedatWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitute,he．A．exploredtheunderseaworldbyshipB．thoughtofideastopredictunderwatervolcanoesC．foundsomeunknownseaanimalsaloneD．setupanorganizationtoteachstudentsscience【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第六句“Hecameupwithwaystopredictvolcanoesundertheoceans.”可知，他想出了预测水下火山爆发的方法。【答案】B3．WhichisthecorrectorderoftheeventsmentionedinthetextaboutBallard?a．HefoundtheGermanbattleshipBismarck.b．HereadabookaboutCaptainNemo.c．HefoundthefamousshipTitanic.d．Hebecameanexpertinscience.A．b－c－d－aB．d－b－c－aC．b－d－c－aD．d－c－a－b【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，他10岁时读了有关Nemo船长的书，根据第三段内容可知，他1970年时成为一名科学家；根据第四段内容可知，到20世纪80年代，他发现了泰坦尼克号，之后发现了德国俾斯麦号战舰。【答案】C4．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．BallardwasgreatlyinfluencedbyTwentyThousandLeaguesUndertheSea.B．Ballarddidn'tlikefishingandswimminginhischildhood.C．Ballard'sparentsfeltdisappointedathisunderseaadventures.D．Humanbeingshaveexploredmorethanhalfofthesea.【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，RobertBallard读了《海底两万里》这本书使他明确了他的理想，并为之努力，最终获得了成功。因此这本书影响了他的一生。【答案】AB3Coralreefs(珊瑚礁)arenotjustbeautifultolookat,butalsoveryuseful.Theyshelternearly25%ofoceanlifeandprovidefoodforbillionsofpeople.However,likemanyotherspecies,thisamazingecosystem(生态系统)isindangerofdyingout!Therearetwomainreasonsforthedestruction—therisingcarbondioxidelevelscausedbyglobalwarmingaswellashumaninfluenceslikebottomoperation.Whilenotmuchcanbedoneabouttheformer,thelosscausedbythelattercanbereduced.Bottomoperationinvolvesdroppingnetstotheoceanbedandthendraggingthemupwhenfilledwithfish.Thisactiondamagedtheoceanfloor,causingthecoralbranchestoseparatefromthereefs.Whilethatisverydiscouraging,thegoodnewsisthatifthesebranchesarefoundquickly,theycanbesaved.Atpresent,thatworkisbeingperformedbyvolunteerdivers.Butthemethodhasonlylimitedsuccessbecausetheycannotstaylongunderwater,norreachdepthsofover200meterswheresomeofthedeep­seacoralgrows.However,thisisnotthecaseforCoralbots－therobotsthatcanconstantlyseekoutbrokenbranches.Ateamof‘coralbots’，eachindividuallyworkingtosimpleruleswillpiecetogetherdamagedbitsofcoral,allowingthemtoregrow.Theyareprogrammedtobeabletodistinguishbetweenotherthingsandthecoral.Therobotsworktogetheringroups,similartobees.Ifonecoralbotisdamagedthentheotherswillstillbeabletocompletethetask.DrLea­AnneHenrysaid,“Theprojectofusingcoralbotsoffersusthepossibilitytorestore(修复)thefunctionofreefs.Itisinthefinalstageoftesting.Onceready,theresearchershopetobuildhundredsofthemandusethemeffectivelyinthewatersoffScotlandandthenhopefullyintheoceansacrosstheworld.”【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。美丽的珊瑚礁不仅在维系海洋生态平衡方面起着十分重要的作用，它与我们的日常生活也息息相关。对于面临灭绝的珊瑚礁我们能做点什么呢？5．Whichofthefollowingisacauseofthedangerthatcoralreefsarefacing?A．Theappearanceofnewcreatures.B．Theseriouslypollutedseawater.C．Theactivitiesofvolunteerdivers.D．Humanactivitieslikebottomoperation.【解析】事实细节题。根据第二段首句中的“...aswellashumaninfluenceslikebottomoperation.”可知答案为D。【答案】D46．Comparedwithvolunteerdivers,coralbots.A．canstaylongerunderwaterB．mustworkasbeesdoC．candistinguishwhatiscoralD．canneverbedamaged【解析】推理判断题。由第三段可知，目前修复受损珊瑚礁的工作由潜水志愿者完成。但他们因为不能长时间待在水下而使工作效果大打折扣。再结合第四段首句可知机器人在水下停留的时间会长些。故答案为A。【答案】A7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Coralbots.B．Brokenbranches.C．Workingbees.D．Bitsofcoral.【解析】词义猜测题。由上文可知，修复受损珊瑚礁的机器人目前还处于调试阶段。结合语境可以推断，一旦调试完毕，研究