2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 3 Understanding each other Se

1SectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—LanguagePointsensurevt.担保，保证，确保(教材P34)Roostersaresupposedtodrivebadspiritsawayfromtheweddingceremony,andhensarethoughttoensuregoodluckforthemarriage.公鸡被认为能够把坏运气从婚礼上赶走，而母鸡则被认为能确保给婚姻带来好运。ensuredoingsth.确保做某事ensurethat...确保……ensuresth.tosb.保证给予某人某物ensure(sb.)against/fromsth.保护(某人)免受危害，使(某人)安全①Toensurethechild’squickrecovery,thedoctorgavehimaninjection.为了确保孩子尽快康复，大夫给他打了针。②Theremustbesafetydevicestoensureworkersagainstaccidents.一定要有保护工人避免工伤事故的安全装置。③Pleaseensure__thatalllightsareturnedoff.请务必将所有的灯都关掉。④Yourexperienceinteachingwillensure__you__a__post．你的教学经历肯定能使你谋求到一个职位。congratulatevt.祝贺，庆贺，恭喜(教材P34)Duringtheceremony,thehenlaidanegg,andeveryonecongratulatedthenewcouplebecauseitwasconsideredverylucky.在婚礼期间，那只母鸡下了一只蛋，所有的人都向这对新人祝贺，因为这被认为是非常幸运的。2(1)congratulatesb.on(doing)sth.就(做)某事向某人表示祝贺congratulateoneselfon庆幸；为……感到自豪(2)congratulationsn.祝贺，道喜congratulations(tosb.)onsth.就某事(向某人)祝贺①Hecongratulatedhimselfonhissuccess.他为自己的成功感到自豪。②Let’scongratulateheronhaving__won(win)theprize.让我们为她获奖表示祝贺。③Congratulations(congratulate)onyoursuccess!祝贺你获得了成功！[巧学活用]——一句多译我们都向我们的同事祝贺他在事业上的成功。(1)Weall__congratulated__our__colleague__on__his__successinhiscareer.(congratulate)(2)Wealloffered__our__congratulations__to__our__colleague__on__his__successinhiscareer.(congratulation)permitvt.&vi.允许，许可n．[C]许可证，执照(教材P34)Anotherdifferenceisthatwhileweservefood,softdrinks,teaandcoffee,alcoholisnotpermittedattheweddingreception—infact,alcoholisaltogetherprohibitedinBrunei.另外一个区别是我们虽然供应食物、软饮料、茶和咖啡，但是在婚宴上不许饮酒——事实上，在文莱白酒是完全被禁止的。(1)permitdoingsth.允许做某事permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事timepermitting如果时间允许的话3(2)permissionn.[U]准许，许可，批准①Studentslivinginbuildingsthathavekitchensareonlypermittedtocookinthekitchen.生活在带有厨房的大楼里的学生只允许在厨房做饭。②Theownersdon’tpermitparking(park)carsinfrontoftheshops.主人不允许在其商店门口停车。③Hesaidthatifhehadapermithecouldgetajob.他说如果他有执照就能找到工作。[巧学活用]——一句多译时间允许的话，我希望有更多的业余时间与朋友在一起以至于我们有更好的关系。(1)If__time__permits,__Iexpecttohavemoresparetimetospendwithmyfriendssothatwecanhaveabetterrelationship.(状语从句)(2)Time__permitting,__Iexpecttohavemoresparetimetospendwithmyfriendssothatwecanhaveabetterrelationship.(用独立主格结构改写)prohibitvt.(尤指以法令)禁止(教材P34)Anotherdifferenceisthatwhileweservefood,softdrinks,teaandcoffee,alcoholisnotpermittedattheweddingreception—infact,alcoholisaltogetherprohibitedinBrunei.另外一个区别是我们虽然供应食物、软饮料、茶和咖啡，但是在婚宴上不许饮酒——事实上，在文莱白酒是完全被禁止的。(1)prohibitdoingsth.禁止做某事prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.阻止/禁止某人做某事prohibitsb.’sdoingsth.禁止某人做某事(2)prohibitionn.[U](以法律)禁止[C]禁令，禁律(3)prohibitiveadj.限制性的①Smokingisprohibitedinallareasofthebuildinginthiscity.在这个城市里，大楼所有区域都禁止吸烟。②Itwasmyfamilyfinancesthatprohibitedmefromgoingtocollegeatthetime.4当时是我的家庭经济状况不允许我上大学。③Heknewnothingofthereasonfortheprohibition(prohibit)．他不知道这次禁令的理由。adjustvt.&vi.调整；调节；适应，习惯(教材P35)It’squitefunnywatchingthenewforeignteacherstryingtoadjusttodoingthat.看新来的外教努力适应那样做很有趣。(1)adjust(oneself)to...(使自己)适应于……adjustto(doing)sth.适应(做)某事(2)adjustmentn.调整；调节；适应makeanadjustment做出调整(3)adjustableadj.可调整的；可调节的①Tobeexact,otherpeoplecanextendourintelligenceandhelpusunderstandandadjustouremotions.确切地说，我们周围的人可以提高我们的智力，帮助我们理解并调整我们的情绪。②Headjustedhislifesothathecouldadjusthimselftothenewenvironment.他调整了自己的生活以便能适应新环境。③Shefoundithardtoadjusttoworking(work)atnight.她发现自己很难适应夜间工作。④Thechairsarefullyadjustable(adjust)tofitanysize.这些椅子可以根据大小随意调整。[巧学活用]——一句多译在高中时迈克的妈妈为他做了几乎所有的事情。这让他难以适应大学第一年的生活。(1)Mike’smotherdidalmosteverythingforhimwhenhewasinhighschool，which__made__it__difficult__for__him__to__adjust__to__the__first­year__college__life．(定语从句)(2)Mike’smotherdidalmosteverythingforhimwhenhewasinhighschool，making__it__difficult__for__him__to__adjust__to__the__first­year__college__life5．(现在分词作结果状语)havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困难(教材P35)Manyforeignershavetroublegettingaccustomedtoit.许多外国人很难适应这种做法。(1)和havetrouble(in)doing/withsth.相近的短语还有：havedifficulty/problems(in)doing/withsth.(2)takegreattroubletodosth.不辞辛苦做某事introuble处在困难/麻烦中(表状态)get(sb.)into/outoftrouble使(某人)陷入/摆脱困境(表动作)①Hesaidhehadnotroubleinfindingahousewhoserentwaslow.他说他很容易找到租金便宜的房子。②Didyouhaveanydifficulty(in)passing(pass)theexam？你通过这次考试遇到困难了没有？③Ihopeyouwon’thavetroublewiththework.我希望你做这项工作不会有困难。④Youcan’timaginewhatdifficultywehadwalking(walk)homeinthesnowstorm.你无法想象我们在暴风雪中步行回家时有多么困难。⑤Ifyoudothat,youmightgetherintotrouble.如果你那样做，你就会使她陷入困境。[巧学活用]——一句多译不论什么时候学习遇到困难，请找我们帮忙。(1)Pleaseturntousforhelpwheneveryouhave__trouble__with__your__study/in__studying．(trouble)(2)Pleaseturntousforhelpwheneveryouhave__problems__with__your__study/in__studying．(problem)(3)Pleaseturntousforhelpwheneveryouhave__difficulty__with__your__study/in__studying．(difficulty)6havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.中的difficulty和trouble都不可数，difficulty/trouble前可用some,any,no,great,much,little等修饰。getaccustomedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事(教材P35)Manyforeignershavetroublegettingaccustomedtoit.许多外国人很难适应这种做法。(1)accustomedadj.经常的；惯常的；习惯了的be/become/growaccustomedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事(2)accustomvt.使……习惯于accustomoneself/sb./sth.to(doing)sth.使……习惯于(做)①(朗文辞典)Ittookawhileformetoaccustommyselftoallthenewrulesandregulat