2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 3 Back to the past Section Ⅲ

1SectionⅢWordpower,Task&Project[学生用书P62][基础词汇]1．audiencen．观众，听众2．ceremonyn.仪式，典礼3．fortunateadj.幸运的4．marchvi.&n.前进，进发；游行[拓展词汇]5．expressionn．表达；表情，神色→expressvt.表达；表示6．powerfuladj.强有力的→powern．力量；能力；权力v.使有力量→powerlessadj.无力的；无权的7．educatevt.教育→educationn．教育；教育学→educationaladj.教育的；有教育意义的8．gloryn．辉煌；荣耀，光荣→gloriousadj.光荣的；辉煌的9．judgen．法官，审判员；裁判员→judgmentn．裁判；判断；判断力10．poisonn．毒药，毒物vt.毒害，下毒→poisonousadj.有毒的；恶意的1．on_board在船/飞机/车上2．declare_war_against/on向……宣战3．in_memory_of纪念4．no_doubt无疑，确实5．rise_up_against起义，反抗6．stand_in_one’s_path阻碍(某人)7．take_control_of控制，取得对……的控制8．grow_tired_of厌烦……9．come_down_with患(病)10．be_aware_of意识到Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．WhywasastatueofaGreeksoldierdiscoveredinnorthernXinjiang?2A．TheGreeksoldierdiedinnorthernXinjiang.B．ThestatuewasstolentoXinjiang.C．ItmaybetradedtoXinjianginanancienttime.D．ItwasmadeinXinjiang.2．Whydidn’tAlexandertheGreattakecontrolofthewholeworld?A．Hisarmywasdefeatedmostofthetime.B．Hehimselfgottiredofendlessbattles.C．Hisarmygottiredofendlessbattles.D．Hebecameillanddied.3．HowdidSocratesmakealiving?A．Bybeingacommonworker.B．Bybeingateacher.C．Bybeingascholar.D．Bybeingasoldier.4．WhatdidpeoplethinkofSocrates’teachingwaybyaskingquestions?A．Allthepeoplelikedhisteachingway.B．Onlyhisstudentslikedhisteachingway.C．Somepeopledidn’tlikehisteachingway.D．Youngpeoplelikedhisteachingway.答案：1－4.CCAC[学生用书P63]AncientGreekstatuefoundinXinjiangResearchersannounced①thediscovery②ofasmallstatue③innorthernXinjiang，China，recently.ThemetalstatueisofaGreeksoldier.Whenaskedhowastatuefromdistant④GreececouldhaveappearedinChina⑤，researchersexplainedthatnodoubt⑥thiswasaresultofAlexandertheGreat’sinfluence⑦.AlexandertheGreat(356－323BC)wasthesonofaGreekkingwhodefeated⑧manyGreekcitiesinbattle⑨.Attheageoftwenty，Alexanderhimselfbecamekingafterhisfatherdied⑩.However⑪，manycitiesroseupagainst⑫Alexander，soheledanarmytotake⑬themback⑭.Thoughhisarmyhadonly3，000troops⑮，hewoneverybattleandmanyenemysoldiersjoinedhim.,①announcev．宣布，宣告②discoveryn．发现discovervt.发现inventvt.发明3③statue['stætʃuː]n.雕塑，雕像④distantadj.遥远的⑤Whenasked...是时间状语从句Whentheywereasked...的省略形式；howastatuefrom...是asked的宾语从句。⑥nodoubt无疑，确实Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……⑦thatnodoubt...是explained的宾语从句。⑧defeatvt.击败，战胜⑨whodefeated...是定语从句，修饰king。○10king“国王”，独一无二的职位作宾语补足语、表语、同位语时，其前不加冠词；afterhisfatherdied是时间状语从句。⑪however在此处为副词，表示转折。⑫riseupagainst起义，反抗⑬leadsb.todosth.带领某人做某事⑭takeback取回，夺回⑮troop[truːp]n.士兵；军队，部队Thoughhisarmy...是让步状语从句。新疆发现古希腊塑像最近，研究人员宣布，在中国新疆北部地区发现了一尊小型塑像。这尊金属塑像是一名希腊士兵的造型。当被问及来自遥远希腊的塑像怎么会出现在中国时，研究人员解释说，这无疑是亚历山大大帝的影响所致。亚历山大大帝(公元前356年－公元前323年)是一位在战斗中击败了许多希腊城邦的希腊国王之子。20岁那年，父亲死后，亚历山大自己成了国王。然而，许多城邦趁势作乱，反对亚历山大，于是他便率领一支军队夺回了这些城邦。尽管他的军队仅有三千人，但是他赢得了所有战役，许多敌方士兵投靠了他。In334BC，hetookhisarmy，nowwith42，000men，intotheMiddleEastandthenEgypt,defeatingeveryarmythatstoodinhispath⑯.Thenheturnedhiseyeseast，andmarched⑰allthewaytoIndia，findingvictorywhereverhewent⑱.Itseemedthat⑲nothingcouldstophimfromtaking⑳controloftheentireworld.However，hisownarmygrewtiredofendlessbattlesandrefusedtogoanyfurther，sohehadtoturnback.Bytheageofthirty，hehadalreadyoccupiedmorelandthananyonebefore，anditseemedthatmoreglorywaswaitingaheadofhim.Yet，in323BC，hecamedown4withafeveranddied.Sincehehadnoson，hisgeneralsdividedhisvastkingdomamongthemselves.AlexandertheGreatspreadtheGreekculturefromEuropetoAfricaandAsia，influencingtheworldforcenturiestocome.ThestatueoftheGreeksoldierfoundinnorthernXinjiangprobablycametoChinainthe4thcenturyBCasaresultoftrade.LikemanyotherancientobjectsthatshowaGreekinfluence，itcannowbeseeninamuseuminUrumqi.⑯standinone’spath阻碍(某人)defeatingeveryarmy...作伴随状语。其中thatstoodinhispath是定语从句，修饰army。⑰march[mɑːtʃ]vi.&n．前进，进发；游行⑱findingvictorywherever...作伴随状语，whereverhewent是地点状语从句。⑲Itseemedthat...“似乎……”，that引导表语从句。⑳stop...(from)doing...阻止……做……○21takecontrolof控制○22growtiredof对……变得厌烦○23occupyvt.占领，占据○24glory['ɡlɔːrI]n.辉煌；荣耀，光荣○25ahead[ə'hed]adv.(时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先aheadof在……前面，先于○26comedownwith患(病)○27since引导的是原因状语从句。○28vast[vɑːst]adj.辽阔的；巨大的；大量的○29divide...among...在……中分配……○30influencingtheworld...作伴随状语，tocome是不定式作后置定语。○31asaresultof作为……的结果；由于○32thatshowaGreekinfluence是定语从句，修饰ancientobjects。公元前334年，他率领当时已达4万2千人的军队进入中东，接着是埃及，兵锋所至，所向披靡。然后，他又将目光转向东方，长驱直入印度，所到之处，攻无不克，战无不胜。似乎没有什么能够阻止他控制整个世界。然而，他自己的军队对无休止的战斗变得厌倦，拒绝再往前走，所以他不得不班师回朝。亚历山大30岁时便已占领了辽阔的疆域，前无古人，前面似乎还有更多的辉煌在等着他。然而，在公元前323年，他发烧生病去世了。由于他没5有儿子，他的将军们便瓜分了他庞大的王国。亚历山大大帝将希腊文化从欧洲传播到非洲和亚洲，在此后的数个世纪中影响了整个世界。在新疆北部发现的希腊士兵塑像也许是在公元前4世纪因贸易而来到中国的。像许多显示希腊影响力的其他古代文物一样，它现在在乌鲁木齐的一家博物馆展出。ThefatherofWesternphilosophy①Theword‘philosophy’means‘loveofwisdom’．Philosophycanbethoughtofas②awayoflooking③attheworldaroundus，orofansweringthegreatquestionsoflife，suchas④‘Whyarewehere？’and‘Whatistruth？’ThefatherofWesternphilosophywasSocrates(469－399BC)．SocrateswasfromAthens，inGreece.Whenhewasyoung，hewasabravesoldier.Later，hebecameateacher，buthetaughtforfree⑤andearnedhissalary⑥from⑦beingacommonworker.Asidefrom⑧this，weknowverylittleabouthim.Sinceheneverwroteabook⑨，wealsoknowverylittleabouthisphilosophy.Yet，Socrateshashadadeepinfluenceon⑩Westernthoughtandscience.①phil