2019-2020学年新教材高中英语 Unit 3 On the move Section Ⅲ Us

-1-SectionⅢUsinglanguage&Writing不定式作定语和状语动词不定式由“to＋动词原形”构成。这里的to是不定式标志，无意义，有时可省略。其否定形式为“not＋动词不定式”。不定式既有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能，又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。1．不定式的时态和语态主动语态被动语态意义一般时todotobedone表示动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后完成时tohavedonetohavebeendone表示动作发生在谓语动作之前进行时tobedoing表示谓语动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行◆Fatherwarnedmenottodriveafterdrinking.父亲警告我不要酒后开车。◆It’sagreathonourtobeinvitedtodothevoluntaryworkforthedisabled.被邀请为残疾人做志愿服务，我感到很荣幸。◆Ihappenedtohavereadyouradvertisementanddecidedtoapplyforthejob.我碰巧读了您的广告，决定申请这份工作。◆Thelittleboypretendedtobereadingthebookwhenhisteacherenteredtheclassroom.老师走进教室时小男孩假装正在读书。2．不定式作定语动词不定式作定语时，应置于被修饰的名词或代词后面。以下几种情况下常使用不定式作定语：(1)表示将来的动作时。根据需要，不定式可用主动或被动形式，但其含义有所不同。◆Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.我有很多家庭作业要做。(不定式todo的动作执行者是I)◆Thebuildingtobebuiltnextmonthwillbeamodernhospital.下个月要建的那座楼将是一个现代化的医院。(不定式tobebuilt的动作执行者是“别-2-人”，其后可以加上bysb.，因此只能用不定式的被动形式作后置定语)(2)放在序数词、形容词最高级，thelast,theonly,no,any,all等后或被这些词修饰的名词/代词后，且不定式与其逻辑主语为主谓关系。◆Heisthebestmantodothejob.他是做这项工作的最佳人选。(3)被修饰词是表示抽象意义的名词时，常用不定式作后置定语，且不定式常用主动形式。常见的此类名词有ability,chance,idea,right,evidence,attempt,plan,way,reason,opportunity,time等。◆Iwanttohaveachancetofurthermystudyabroad.我想得到一次去国外进修的机会。(1)在作定语的动词不定式中，不定式与被修饰的词有动宾关系，且句中有该不定式的逻辑主语时，该不定式通常用主动形式表被动意义。如果这个不定式是不及物动词，其后应加上适当的介词。◆Doyouhaveenoughpapertowriteon?你有足够的纸来写字吗？(2)如果被不定式修饰的名词为place,time,way等，不定式后面的介词习惯上可以省去。◆Hehasnoplacetolive(in)．他没有地方住。3．不定式作状语(1)不定式作原因状语多用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后。◆I’mverygladtobeinvitedtoattendthemeeting.我很高兴被邀请参加这个会议。(2)不定式作目的状语时可与soasto/inorderto替换，但soasto一般不可置于句首。◆ToknowsomethingaboutEnglishisonething;toknowEnglishisquiteanother.懂一点英语是一回事；掌握英语完全是另一回事。(3)不定式作结果状语常表示意想不到的结果，常用onlytodo。◆Iwenttoseehim,onlytolearnthathehadleftthecitythenightbefore.我去看他，不料听人家说他已经在前夜离开了这个城市。熟记固定结构be＋adj.＋todosth.◆AsfarasI’mconcerned,heisveryeasytogetalongwith.就我个人而言，-3-他很容易相处。Ⅰ单句语法填空1．Thesefactsareenoughto__prove(prove)thatsheisright.2．(2017·天津卷)Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrainto__catch(catch)．3．(2019·玉溪一中月考)Youloseweightforawhile,onlyto__gain(gain)backmoreweightwhenyoustopyourweightlossprogram.4．Asthefamoussayinggoes，“Itisnevertoolateto__learn(learn)．”5．IpaidavisittoJasonlastnight,onlyto__be__told(tell)hehadgonetoBeijingonbusiness.6．Howfoolishhewas！To__pay(pay)offthedebts，Tomsoldhishousesohisfamilymembersbecamehomeless.7．Susanwasthefirstpersoninourofficeto__think(think)oftheidea.8．Itwillbeagoodopportunity__to__exchange(exchange)experience.9．Iwanttogetsomebooksto__read(read)duringthesummerholiday.10．To__make(make)yourdreamcometrue，thefirstthingtodoismakeaplananddeterminetocarryitout.Ⅱ语法与写作1．她决定更加努力学习以赶上别人。Shedecidedtoworkharderto__catch__up__withtheothers.2．有这么多工作要做，我没有机会外出观光。Ihavenochanceto__go__sightseeingwithsomuchworktodo.3．忘掉悲伤的最好方法是将自己投入到工作中去。Thebestwayto__forget__your__sadnessistoburyyourselfinyourwork.4．帮助了那位无家可归的妇人，我感到非常高兴。Iwasverygladto__have__helpedthehomelesswoman.5．我们到了北京，结果发现去广州的航班由于天气状况被取消了。WearrivedinBeijing,only__to__findthattheflighttoGuangzhouhadbeencanceledbecauseofweatherconditions.体育故事-4-文体感知讲述自己的体育故事是将自己所经历过的、做过的、印象比较深刻的体育故事、情感等讲述出来。文章一般可以分成三部分。第一部分：简介自己的运动故事；第二部分：讲述具体事件；第三部分：展望自己和这项运动的未来或该项运动给你带来的启示等。增分佳句1．Myhobbyisplayingbasketball.2．IstartedtoplaybasketballwhenIwas12yearsold.3．Thisexerciseisquitebeneficialtome,becauseIamverystrongnow.4．Thisisnodoubtthatsportisgoodforourhealth.5．It’stimetotakeactiontostayawayfromtheTVandcomputerandtotakepartinsportactivities.写作要求英语课上，老师让学生讲述自己做某项运动的经历。要点如下：1．与你所讲述运动的渊源；2．做该项运动的经历或过程；3．该项运动给你带来了什么。审题谋篇项目结论体裁记叙文话题体育故事时态一般过去时为主人称第一人称为主词句推敲1．词汇①谚语proverb②改善，提高improve③逐渐地gradually④精力充沛的full__of__energy⑤太累了以至于不能继续_too__tired__to__continue2．句式①有句谚语这样说：“没人会在意健康的价值，直到失去了它。”普通表达：Thereisaproverbanditgoesthat“Nooneknowsthevalueofhealthuntilhelosesit.”-5-高级表达：As__the__proverb__goes,__“No__one__knows__the__value__of__health__until__he__loses__it.”(用as引导的非限制性定语从句改写)②我小时候身体不健康。自从我打乒乓球之后，身体状况得到了改善。普通表达：Iwasn’thealthywhenIwasyoung.ThatimprovedafterIplayedping­pong.高级表达：I__wasn’t__healthy__when__I__was__young.__However,__that__improved__after__I__played__ping­pong.(用however连接)妙笔成篇________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Astheproverbgoes,“Nooneknowsthevalueofhealthuntilhelosesit.”IunderstanditexactlybecauseIwasn’thealthywhenIwasyoung.However,thatimprovedafterIplayedping­pong.Atthestart,Iwastootiredtocontinue,butIwaspersuadednottogiveupbymyparents.Gradually,Irealizedthatitisofgreatbenefittomyhealth.Byplayingping­pongeverydayIcankeepmyselffullofenergyeveryday.Withoutit,IwillfeeltiredandIcan’tfinishmytasksefficiently.Ithinkithasbecomeandwillbeapartofmylife.Ⅰ单句语法填空1．Wemusthavethecourageto__fa