2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 3 Adventure in Literature a

-1-SectionⅡGrammar——非谓语动词作宾语/宾补课前自主预习[例句·体验]1．Ithinkitnecessarytoreportthethingtotheteacher.我认为有必要把这件事向老师汇报。2．Hedoesn'twanthertoattendthemeeting.他不想让她参加这次会议。3．Haveyoufinishedwritingyourcomposition?你写完作文了吗？4．Doyouhearsomeonecallingforhelp?你听到有人在呼救吗？5．Ican'tmakemyselfunderstood.我无法让别人理解我的话。课堂合作探究[语法·讲座]非谓语动词有三种形式：v.­ing形式，v.­ed形式和动词不定式。非谓语动词的句法功能-2-下面讲述非谓语动词用作宾语和宾语补足语的情况：一、作宾语1．不定式作宾语(1)后面直接接动词不定式作宾语的动词有许多，如mean(打算),want,decide,intend,fail,wish,expect,pretend,choose等。①Imeantogothereatonce.我打算立刻去那儿。(2)不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾补之后，而用it作形式宾语。句型为：主语＋find/feel/think/believe/consider,etc.＋it＋adj./n.＋todosth.②Ifinditinterestingtoworkwithhim.我发现同他一起工作很有趣。名师点津动词不定式还可用作介词宾语，但只限于介词except和but(除了)。常用句型有：Thereisnothingtodobutdo...除了做……之外无事可做。donothingbutdo...只有做……havenochoicebuttodo...除了做……之外别无选择当but前的谓语动词为do,did,does时，but后接不带to的不定式。canbutdosth.只得做某事cannothelp/choosebutdo...除做……之外别无选择③Icannotchoosebuttellthetruth.除了说出真相，我别无选择。④Becausethelastbushadgone,Icouldbutgohomeonfoot.因为最后一班公共汽车已经开走了，我只好步行回家。-3-2．动名词作宾语(1)在remember,forget,regret,mean,stop,try后接动名词和不定式作宾语时，意义有很大区别：remembertodosth.记着去做某事doingsth.记着做过某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事doingsth.忘记做过某事regrettodosth.对现在要做的事表示抱歉doingsth.对做过的事表示后悔meantodosth.打算做某事doingsth.意味着做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做某事doingsth.停止做某事(2)在allow,permit,advise,forbid等动词后可直接接动名词作宾语；但若后面有名词或代词作宾语，再接动词作宾语补足语时，要用带to的不定式。即allow/permit/advise/forbiddoingsth.sb.todosth.⑤Wedon'tallowsmokinghere.我们不允许在这里吸烟。⑥Wedon'tallowthemtosmokehere.我们不允许他们在这儿吸烟。(3)动词need,want,require作“需要”讲时，后接动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式，表达相同的意义。⑦Thetreesneed/want/requirewatering.tobewatered.这些树需要浇水了。(4)用动名词作宾语的常用动词及动词短语admit承认advise建议allow允许appreciate感谢avoid避免cannothelp禁不住can'tstand禁不住consider考虑delay推迟deny否认enjoy喜欢escape逃脱-4-finish完成giveup放弃imagine想象keep保持quit停止keepon持续mind介意miss错过putoff推迟permit允许practise练习resist抵抗risk冒险suggest建议二、作宾语补足语1．不定式作宾语补足语。(1)跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词有advise,allow,beg,tell,ask,order,persuade,cause,force,forbid,invite,request,want,warn等。①Doyouwantmetohelpyou?你需要我帮忙吗？(2)有些动词，如make,let,have,see,watch,hear,notice等用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to。②Ioftenhearhimsingthissong.我经常听到他唱这首歌。(主动)③Heisoftenheardtosingthissong.(人们)经常听到他唱这首歌。(被动)助记省略to的不定式作宾语补足语吾(五)看三室(使)二厅(听)一感觉。五看：see，watch，lookat，notice，observe三使：let，make，have二听：hear，listento一感觉：feel2．分词作宾语补足语(1)have,get和leave后都可接现在分词作宾补，表示动作正在进行，也可接过去分词作宾补表示被动，动作由别人完成。④Theyhadthelightburningallnightlong.他们整夜亮着灯。⑤Helefthisworkundone.他留着工作不做。(2)在某些感官动词，如：see,hear,feel,watch,observe,notice,listento等后，-5-既可接现在分词作宾补，又可接省略to的不定式作宾补。区别是：不定式表示整个动作已完成，现在分词表示动作正在进行。⑥Doyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor?你听到有人在敲门吗？⑦Iheardsomeoneknockatthedoorthreetimes.我听到有人敲了三下门。(3)使役动词have的三种结构：“have＋宾语＋不定式(不带to)”表示“让……做……”。“have＋宾语＋现在分词”表示“使……处于某种状态或正在做某事”。“have＋宾语＋过去分词”表示“让别人做某事”。⑧Hehadhisdeskmatedohomeworkforhim.他让他的同桌为他做家庭作业。⑨Wehadthefireburningallday.我们使火燃烧了一整天。⑩Hehadhishaircut.他理了发。(该动作为他人所执行)(4)makeoneself＋过去分词⑪Ican'tmakemyselfunderstood.我无法让别人理解我的话。[课堂·总结演练]Ⅰ单句语法填空1．Whenhewasaboy,heusedtogothereandwatchbicycles________(repair)．答案：beingrepaired2．An________(excite)lookappearedonhisfacewhenthemanagerenteredthehall.Herememberedverywell________(meet)hertwomonthsago.答案：excited;meeting3．Helookedaroundandcaughtaman________(put)hishandintothepocketofapassenger.答案：putting4．Havingpassedallthetests,shefeltagreatweight________(take)offhermind.答案：taken5．Seeingthesoldierswell________(prepare)fortheflood­fight,thegeneralnoddedwithsatisfaction.-6-答案：prepared6．Whenwesawtheroad________(block)withsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.答案：blocked7．—Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty?—Yes.Iappreciated________(invite)．答案：beinginvited8．Theyusecomputerstokeepthetraffic________(run)smoothly.答案：running9．Hemanagedtomakehimself________(understand)withhis________(break)English.答案：understood;broken10．Youcannotacceptanopinion________(offer)toyouunlessitisbasedonfacts.答案：offeredⅡ单句写作1．茶太热，不能喝。Theteais____________________.答案：toohottodrink2．进屋后，我发现她坐在椅子上。Enteringtheroom,Ifoundher________________.答案：seated/sittinginthechair3．在房间里做作业时，我讨厌被别人打扰。Whiledoingmyhomeworkintheroom,Ihate________________byothers.答案：beingdisturbed4．很多科学家被邀请来参加这次会议。Manyscientistsare________________themeeting.答案：invitedtoattend5．经常看见那位老人站在房子门口。Theoldmanwasoften________________atthedoorofhishouse.答案：seentostandⅢ单句改错1．WhenIcamein,hepretendedtosleeping.______________________________-7-答案：sleeping前加be2．Isawamanlyingonthefloor,withhisfeetbeingtiedtightly.______________________________答案：去掉being3．Judgingfromhisfrighteningexpression,Iknowhehasheardaboutthedisaster.______________________________答案：frightening→frightened4．Yourhairlooksabitlong;itneedscut.______________________________答案：cut前加tobe或cut→cutting5．Withallhishomeworkfinishing,hewentouttoplayfootball.______________________________答案：finishing→finished演练通关提升[夯实·基础知识]Ⅰ单句语法填空1．IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph________(take)．答案：taken2．Hetriedtopretend________(share)thepleasurewithhisfriend.答案：toshare3．Thetrees________(blow)downinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.答案：blown4．Hewasvery________tohearthe___