英语句子成分导学案

英语句子成分导学案什么是句子成分？句子成分有哪些？句子成分一．主语(Subject)表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。位于系动词或谓语动词之前。1.GinaisfromAustralia.2.Sheoftengoestothemovies.3.Threeisenough.4.Doingtheworkishardforhim.5.Toseeistobelieve.6.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.主语在哪里？1.Tomdidn'tfinishhishomework.2.Shewantstobeadoctor.3.Takingawalkisgoodforyourhealth.4.Tocleanthewindowisyourduty.5.Sixisaluckynumber.6.Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.二．谓语(Predicate)说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态，位于主语之后。一般由动词或动词短语充当谓语。简单简单谓语注：主谓要一致。1.Theyareworkinginafield.2.Helookedaftertwoboys.3.TheycanspeakEnglishwell.4.IloveChina.5.Shehasfinishedhertask.谓语在哪里？1.WestudyEnglish.2.Heissingingasong.3.Weshouldhelpthedisabled.4.Theplanetookoffatteno’clock.5.Iwantaticket.三.宾语（object）表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。1.CanIasksomequestions?2.Heislookingatthedog.3.Iboughtacomputerlastweek.4.Ilikeyou.宾语在哪里？1.IlikeChina.2.Hehatesyou.3.Weneedtwo.4.Weshouldhelptheold.四．表语（predicative）位于系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Be动词：____________________________________________________感官动词：____________________________________________________系动词保持类：______________________________________________________变化类：______________________________________________________表像类：______________________________________________________1.Hermotherisateacher.2.Thefoodtastesdelicious.3.Healwayskeptsilent.4.Sheseemsquitehappytoday.表语在哪里？1.Hisfaceturnedred.2.Iamhungry.3.Thedoorremainsopen.4.Hervoicesoundssweet.5.HisjobistoteachEnglish.6.Hestayedawake.五．定语(Attribute)用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。1.Guilinisabeautifulcity.2.Therearethirtywomenteachersinourschool.3.HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.4.Thegirlwithlonghairismysister.定语在哪里？1.What’syourname?2.Sheisanexcellentbasketballplayer.3.Ihaveastorybook.4.Thebirdinthetreeissinging.六．状语(adverbial)表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式、让步、伴随和比较。1.Iwillgotheretomorrow.2.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.状语在哪里？1.Imetmyclassmatesonthestreetyesterday.2.ShewasborninBeijing.七．补语（complement）（一）宾补（Objectivecomplement）对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。Wewillmakethemhappy.（二）主补（Subjectivecomplement）：对主语的补充。全称为主语补足语。Hewaselectedmonitor.八．同位语(appositive)同位语是在名词或代词之后,对其作进一步解释或说明，在语法上处于同等地位。1.Westudentsshouldstudyhard.2.Weallarestudents.练习题：划分下列句子成分。1.Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.2.Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.3.Theoldmanfeelsverytired.4.Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.5.TheycallmeLilysometimes.6.Icanseeabigsmileonherface.7.Heheardthenoiseupstairseverynight.8.Themanonthemotorbikeisveryhandsome.9.Shelovesthelibrary.10.ImetmybestfriendTomatthestationyesterday.