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4-10某工厂变电所装有两台并列运行的S9-800(Y,yn0接线)型变压器,其电源由地区变电站通过一条8km的10kV架空线路供给。已知地区变电站出口断路器的断流容量为500MVA,试用标幺制法求该厂变电所10kV高压侧和380V低压侧的三相短路电流kI、shi、shI及三相短路容量kS。解:(1)取100dSMVA,5.101dUkV,4.02dUkV,则kA5.5kA5.103100311dddUSI,kA3.144kA4.03100322dddUSI(2)计算各元件电抗标幺值系统2.0500100*ocdSSSX线路9.25.1010084.0221*avdWLUSlxX变压器625.58.01001005.4100%*NdkTSSUX(3)k1点短路:1.39.22.0***1WLSXXXkA77.1kA1.35.5*111XIIdkkA51.4kA77.155.255.21kshIikA67.2kA77.151.151.11kshIIkA77.11kIIMVA26.32MVA1.3100*1XSSdk(4)k2点短路:9125.52625.59.22.02****2TWLSXXXXkA4.24kA9125.53.144*222XIIdkkA9.44kA4.2484.184.12kshIikA6.26kA4.2409.109.12kshIIkA4.242kIIMVA9.16MVA9125.5100*22XSSdk4-11如图4-32所示网络,各元件的参数已标于图中,试用标幺值法计算k点发生三相短路时短路点的短路电流。图4-32习题4-11附图解:(1)取100dSMVA,avdUU,则各元件电抗标幺值为线路151.0115100504.0221*avdWLUSlxX变压器525.0201001005.10100%*NdkTSSUX电抗器164.13.663.0631001004100%222*dNLNLdLLUUSSXX5775.1164.12525.0151.02****LTWLXXXXkA81.5kA5775.113.6310013*XUSIddk4-12在图4-33所示电力系统中,所有发电机均为汽轮发电机。各元件的参数如下:发电机G1、G2容量均为31.25MVA,13.0dX,发电机G3容量为50MVA,125.0dX;变压器T1、T2每台容量为31.5MVA,5.10%kU,变压器T3容量为50MVA,5.10%kU;线路WL的长度为50km,单位长度电抗为0.4km/Ω,电压为110kV级,试用运算曲线法计算10kV电压级的k点发生短路时0s和0.2s时的短路电流。图4-33习题4-12附图解:(1)作等效电路取100dSMVA,avdUU,则各元件电抗标幺值为发电机G1、G2416.025.3110013.0*2*1XX变压器T1、T2333.05.31100105.0*4*3XX发电机G325.050100125.0*5X变压器T321.050100105.0*6X线路WL151.0115100504.02*7X作等值电路如下图所示。(2)化简网络,求各电源到短路点的转移电抗749.0333.0416.0*3*1*8XXX611.0151.021.025.0*7*6*5*9XXXX将*4X、*8X、*9X作变换得:49.1611.0749.0333.0749.0333.0*10X216.1749.0611.0333.0611.0333.0*11X因此,各发电机对短路点的转移电抗分别为G1支路49.1*10*1XXkG2支路416.0*2*2XXkG3支路216.1*11*3XXk(3)求各电源的计算电抗466.010025.3149.1*1cX13.010025.31416.0*2cX608.010050216.1*3cX(4)查计算曲线数字表,并用差值法求短路电流周期分量标幺值对汽轮发电机G1,467.0*1cX,查附录表B-1可得当46.0*cX时302.2*0I,95.1*2.0I当48.0*cX时203.2*0I,879.1*2.0I因此,当467.0*1cX时,0ts和2.0ts时的短路电流电流周期分量标幺值分别为27.2466.048.046.048.0203.2302.2203.2*0I93.1466.048.046.048.0879.195.1879.1*2.0I同理,对汽轮发电机G2,13.0*2cX,查附录表B-1可得0ts和2.0ts时的短路电流电流周期分量标幺值分别为34.813.014.012.014.0718.7963.8718.7*0I05.513.014.012.014.0878.422.5878.4*2.0I对汽轮发电机G3,608.0*3cX,查附录表B-1可得0ts和2.0ts时的短路电流电流周期分量标幺值分别为726.1608.065.06.065.061.1748.161.1*0I522.1608.065.06.065.0431.1539.1431.1*2.0I(5)计算短路电流有名值归算到短路点的各电源的额定电流为G1、G2支路kA72.1kA5.10325.31NIG3支路kA75.2kA5.10350NI因此,0ts和2.0ts时的短路电流电流周期分量有名值分别为kA23kA726.175.2kA34.872.1kA272.272.10IkA2.16kA522.175.2kA05.572.1kA93.172.12.0I4-13已知某一不平衡的三相系统的1080AUV,13570BUV,17585CUV,试求其正序、负序及零序电压。解:04.12813.34627.817513510j120240240j1202202196.296.6286.3685708011111311111131jjjjjjjjCBAAAAeeeeeeeeeeUUUaaaaUUU4-14某10kV母线三相水平平放,型号LMY-608mm2,已知21IIkA,母线跨距1000mm,相间距250mm,跨距数大于2,短路持续时间为2.5s,系统为无穷大,试校验此母线的动稳定度和热稳定度。解:(1)热稳定校验:s5.2kimatt查表4-6得,铝母线的热稳定系数2/mmsA87C,因此最小允许截面为223minmm65.381mm5.2871021imatCIA母线的实际截面积A=60×8mm2=480mm2>minA,所以热稳定满足要求。(2)动稳定校验:55.35kA2155.2shikA由279.286060250hbbs,故取K≈1。则母线受到的最大电动力为N7.9861N10250100011055.53310372372maxsliFsh母线的弯曲力矩为:1017.198610maxlFMN·m67.198N·m母线的截面系数为:37322m1048m6008.006.06hbW母线的计算应力为:7104867.198WMcPa71014.4Pa铝母线排的最大允许应力Pa109.67al>c,所以动稳定满足要求。某10/0.4kV车间变电所,总计算负荷为980kVA,其中一、二类负荷700kVA。试初步选择该车间变电所变压器的台数和容量。解:因为有一、二类负荷,所以应选两台变压器。变压器容量应同时满足以下两个条件:6869807.07.030SSTkVA且700II)I(30SSTkVA查附录表A-1,选两台10/0.4kV、S9—800kVA的变压器。5-14某厂的有功计算负荷为3000kW,功率因数为0.92,该厂6kV进线上拟安装一台SN10-10型断路器,其主保护动作时间为1.2s,断路器分闸时间为0.2s,其6kV母线上的IIk20kA,试选择该断路器的规格。解:A8.31392.0633000cos330max.NWUPIs4.12.02.1ocprkimattttkA512055.255.2kshIiMVA218203.633kavkIUSMVA300106500NocNocUUSS查附录表A-15,选择SN10—10II/1000型断路器,设备具体参数及计算数据见下表。高压断路器选择表序号安装地点的电气条件所选设备的技术数据结论项目数据项目SN10—10II/10001max.WU/kV6NU/kV10合格2max.WI/A313.8NI/A1000合格3kS/MVA218ocS/MVA300合格4shi/kA51maxi/kA80合格5imatI2/(kA2.s)4.1202tIt2/(kA2.s)25.312合格5-15试选择图5-63中10kV馈线上的电流互感器。已知该线路的最大工作电流为70A,线路上的短路电流为kI4.6kA,继电保护动作时间为2s,断路器分闸时间为0.2s,电流互感器二次回路采用2.5mm2的铜心塑料线,互感器与测量仪表相距4m.。解:(1)准确度校验:查附录表A-25,电流互感器二次侧的负荷统计见下表:电流互感器二次侧负荷统计表仪表型式二次线圈负荷(VA)A相C相46L1-A0.3546D1-W0.60.6图5-63习题5-4附图DS10.50.5总计1.451.1由上表知,其最大负荷为1.45VA。取touR=0.1Ω,则满足准确度等级的连接导线电阻为242.051.0545.1102222222NtouNiNWLIRISSR则连接导线(铜线)的截面为2mm54.0242.05343WLcRlA按最小允许截面取1.52mm的铜线。(2)动稳定校验:kA73.5116.455.255.2kshIikA73.11kA6.221.0160221shNesiIK满足动稳定要求。(3)热稳定校验:s2.22.02QFprkimattttskA55.462.26.4skA811)1.090()(2222221imaNttItIK满足热稳定要求。5-16某一降压变电所内装有两台双绕组变压器,该变电所有两回35kV电源进线,6回10kV出线,低压侧拟采用单母线分段接线,试画出当高压侧分别采用内桥接线、外桥接线和单母线分段接线时,该变电所的电气主接线单线图。解:变电所的电气主接线单线图分别为:高压侧采用单母线分段接线高压侧采用内桥接线高压侧采用外桥接线
本文标题:短路电流计算(案例分析)
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