西南大学考博英语真题2012年真题详解

西南大学博士入学考试英语试题（2012）PartIVocabulary(10points)Directions:Inthispartthereare20incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthefollowingsentences.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet1.Abroadcastingstationwillsometimestoitslistenersaprogrammewhichithasreceivedfromanotherstation..A.relyB.relayC.relateD.reside2.TheUnitedNationsConferenceonDrugAbuse,whichtookplaceearlierthisyearinVienna,wasaverymeeting.A.productiveB.overwhelmingC.compulsoryD.protective3.Apersonwhostudies___learnshowtoexpressnumbersapproximatelyandhowtocalculateratiosandaverages.A.staticB.statisticC.statisticsD.status4.Ifyou______someone,youformafixedgeneralideaorimageofthemsothatyouassumethattheywillbehaveinaparticularway.A.assimilateB.simulateC.stereotypeD.subordinate5.Reading______themindonlywithmaterialsofknowledge,itisthinkingthatmakeswhatwereadours.A.rectifiesB.prolongsC.furnishesD.minimizes6.Satellitecommunicationsaresoup-to-datethatevenwhen_____inthemiddleofthePacific,businessmancancontacttheirofficesasiftheywerenextdoor.A.glidingB.cruisingC.pilotingD.patrolling7.NowapaperinSciencearguesthatorganicchemicalsintherockcomemostlyfrom_______onearthratherthanbacteriaonMars.A.configurationB.constitutionC.condemnationD.contamination8.Scientists,whoarenowawareofhownautilusesregulatetheirbuoyancy,havebeenabletodispelideasaboutthesecreatures.A.erroneousB.misdemeanorsC.misgivingsD.misdirection9.Historyhasdemonstratedthatcountrieswithdifferentsocialsystemsandideologiescanjoinhandsinmeetingthecommonchallengestohuman_____anddevelopment.A.evolutionB.survivalC.rivalryD.dignity10.Toavoidanoilshortage,weshouldadvocatethatmoremachinesmust_____oflifeinashorttime,andthismadeothersastonished.（原题有误）A.accelerateB.operateC.generateD.utilize11.JapaneseleadersaboardtheU.S.battleshipMissouriandsignedthe____surrender,whichendedWorldWarTwoin1945.A.conditionalB.infiniteC.everlastingD.unconditional12.Itisa_____thatinsucharichcountrythereshouldbesomanypoorpeoplewhocouldhardlykeeptheirbodyandsoultogether.A.hypothesisB.paradoxC.conflictD.dispute13.The_____effectsofmanyillnessesmadehimaweakmanandhestilldidn’twanttodosportseveryday.A.cumulativeB.formidableC.eternalD.prospective14.Therobbersbrokeintothebank,_____theclericswithrevolversandforcedthemtogivemoneyjustastheywereabouttoknockoff.A.shotB.frightenedC.amusedD.menaced15.ThispairofbootscostmuchlessthanyoursforIboughtthemwhenthedepartmentstoremadea_____ofthestoredgoods.A.clearanceB.reductionC.fortuneD.deal16.Technologyhas_____thesharinginformationandthestorageanddeliveryofinformation,thusmakingmoreinformationavailabletomorepeople.A.formulatedB.facilitatedC.furnishedD.functioned17.Language,cultureandpersonalitymaybeconsidered_____ofeachotherIthought,buttheyareinseparableinfact.A.indistinctlyB.separatelyC.irrelevantlyD.independently18.Morethan85percentofFrenchCanada’spopulationspeaksFrenchasamothertongueand_____totheRomanCatholicfaith.A.catersB.adheresC.ascribesD.subscribes19.Therearenotmanyteacherswhoarestrong_____oftraditionalmethodsinEnglishteaching.A.sponsorsB.contributorsC.advocatesD.performers20.The______ofthescientificattitudeisthatthehumanmindcansucceedinunderstandingtheuniverse.A.essenceB.contentC.textureD.thresholdPartIIReadingComprehension(30points)Directions:Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thereare6readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.SpreadacrosstheUnitedStatesareabout500,000doctors,cheekedbyjowl,inthebigcitiesandthinonthegroundinisolatedsmalltowns.InJune1986,thesecretaryofhealthandhumanservices,Dr.OtisBowen,passedonaviewofhisexperts:5%-15%ofAmerica’s500,000doctorsshouldbecandidatesfordisciplinaryaction,manyofthembecauseofdrugtakingoralcoholism.Othersgivetheirpatientspoorcarebecausetheyaresenile,incompetent,guiltyofmisconductoroutoftouchwithdevelopmentsinmedicine.Thegranting,orwithdrawal,oflicensestopracticeisinthehandsofstatemedicalboards,buttheyareoverwhelmedwithcomplaintsandlackthemoneytohandleevenafractionofthem.Recently,however,thingshavebeenchanging.In1985,406doctorslosttheirlicenses(comparedwith255in1984),nearly500wereplacedonprobationandnearly1,000receivedreprimandsorhadtheirrighttopracticecurtailed.Thefederalinspectorgeneraldemanded,andwontherightfarthestatesandthefederalgovernment,whichprovidehealthcarefortheelderlyandforthepoorundertheMedicareandMedicaidprogramme,torefusepaymenttothedoctorsconsideredunsatisfactory.Yetputtingthesepowersintopracticeisprovingtobefarfromeasy.Ofthe35doctorssofardeniedreimbursementfromMedicare,almostallworkinlightlypopulatedruralareas.OnMarch27th,theirindignationandthatoftheirpatientswereasympathetichearingbytheSenateFinanceCommittee.Ruraldoctorsmaynotbeasuptodateasthoseinthebigtowns,buttheyareoftentheonlysourceofmedicalhelpformilesaroundandtheirpatientsareloyaltothem.Membersofthereviewboards,whicharepaidbythegovernment,insist,however,thatel