容量为1069t_h、蒸气压力为1826MPa的电站锅炉设计;冶

安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）说明书共页第1页┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊容量为1069t/h、蒸气压力为18.26MPa的电站锅炉设计热能与动力工程专业汪丽芬（079014085）指导老师：李文科副教授摘要电力是现代国民经济的基础，而锅炉又是电力生产的重要设备。本文首先介绍了锅炉的历史、发展以及锅炉的经济和安全运行，同时介绍了近年来电厂锅炉方面的新技术，包括脱硫脱氮以及节能降耗技术。最后针对循环流化床的节能降耗进行了讨论。锅炉设计是一个复杂的过程，涉及到多个方面，包括确定设计方案、进行锅炉的热力计算、空气动力计算等。本论文重点介绍了锅炉设计过程中最重要的一部分—锅炉的热力计算部分。以1069t/h的煤粉锅炉设计为例，从炉膛开始直到空气预热器结束，利用学过的传热学、流体力学和燃烧学等知识对锅炉的各受热面进行了详细的热力计算。其中计算数据的选取参考了诸多的文献资料。最后针对本专业所学内容，参考了多篇外文并翻译了其中一篇。关键词：热力计算，煤粉，电站，锅炉，设计安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）说明书共页第2页┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊AbstractElectricityisabasisformodernnationaleconomy,andtheboilerisanimportantequipmentforthepowerproduction.Thisarticledescribesthehistory,thedevelopment,theeconomicalandsafeoperationoftheboilerfirstly,whilepowerplantboilershaveintroducedmanynewtechnologiesinrecentyears,includingdesulfurization,denitrification,andenergysavingtechnology.Finally,theenergyconsumptionofcirculatingfluidizedbedisdiscussed.Boilerdesignisacomplexprocessthatinvolvesmanyaspects,includingthedesignproposal,thethermalcalculationoftheboilerandtheaerodynamiccalculationect.Thispaperfocusesonthemostimportantpartoftheboilerdesign—theboilerthermalcalculation.Takethe1069t/hpulverizedcoalboilerdesignasanexample,startedfromthefurnaceuntiltheendoftheairpreheater,thelearnedknowledgeofheattransfer,fluiddynamicsandcombustionsciencehavebeingutilizedonthedetailedthermalcalculationoftheboiler'sheatingsurface.Andestimateddata'sselectionhasreferredtomanyliteraturematerial.Finally,accordingtotheprofessionalcontentrelatedtomymajor,severalforeignarticlesarereferred,oneofwhichistranslatedintoChinese.Keywords：thermalcalculation,coal,powerplants,boilers,design安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）说明书共页第1页┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊目录1.文献综述······························································································11.1概论····························································································11.2电厂锅炉的历史和发展····································································11.3电厂锅炉的分类、流程和特点··························································21.3.1电厂锅炉结构和分类·······························································21.3.2电厂锅炉的特点与流程····························································21.3.3电厂锅炉参数········································································31.3.4电厂锅炉容量········································································31.4电厂锅炉的展望·············································································31.5电厂锅炉安全运行研究····································································31.5.1电厂锅炉运行中炉内结渣产生过程及防止措施······························31.5.2锅炉水处理存在的问题及解决措施·············································51.5.3锅炉过热器爆管原因及控制措施················································71.5.4锅炉空气预热器的低温腐蚀问题···············································101.5.5循环流化床锅炉运行缺陷分析··················································121.6电厂锅炉经济运行研究···································································141.6.1影响锅炉效率的因素······························································141.6.2锅炉运行方式的优化······························································161.7工业锅炉系统的节能降耗································································161.7.1工业锅炉的节能降耗措施························································171.7.2用热设备的节能减耗······························································181.8电厂锅炉新技术············································································181.8.1利用火电厂锅炉排烟废热的新方法············································181.8.2电厂锅炉烟气脱硫技术···························································201.8.3燃煤锅炉烟气脱氮技术···························································201.8.4锅炉节能降耗技术·································································221.9电厂循环流化床锅炉节能降耗·························································231.9.1循环流化床锅炉节能的关键·····················································231.9.2节能降耗措施·······································································232.锅炉设计方案·······················································································252.1锅炉类型·····················································································252.2锅炉的整体布置············································································252.3燃烧方法的选择············································································25安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）说明书共页第2页┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊2.4煤粉制备系统···············································································252.5煤粉燃烧器··················································································252.6锅炉基本布置···············································································262.7汽水系统·····················································································262.8烟风系统·····················································································263.锅炉的热力计算····················································································283.1设计任务书·······································