初中英语被动语态知识点总结

初中英语被动语态知识点总结这是一篇由网络搜集整理的关于初中英语被动语态知识点总结的文档，希望对你能有帮助。一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的.承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am/is/are+spoken一般过去时：was/were+spoken一般将来时：will/shallbe+spoken现在进行时：am/is/arebeing+spoken过去进行时：was/werebeing+spoken现在完成时：have/hasbeen+spoken过去完成时：hadbeen+spoken三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)Thisbridgewasfoundedin1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedontime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Hecutdownatree.Atreewascutdownbyhim.五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Theyshoulddoitatonce.Itshouldbedoneatonce.六、特殊情况1.Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday.2.MotherneverletsmewatchTV.IamneverlettowatchTVbymother.3.JackgavePeteraChristmaspresentjustnow.(1)AChristmaspresentwasgiventoPeterbyJackjustnow.(2)PeterwasgivenaChristmaspresentbyJackjustnow.延伸阅读：被动语态习题1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina__onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound2English____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused6.Ourroommust___clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep7.——I'dliketobuythatcoat.——I'msorry___.A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold8.Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding9.Thekey___onthetablewhenIleft.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft10.Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneedkey:1-5BDDDC6-10BCBAC