公共管理文化的生成与发展汪辉勇

276200311SocialScienceJournalofXiangtanUniversityVol.27No.6Nov.,2003汪辉勇(,411105):公共管理文化是人类在公共管理实践中的集体创造公共管理实践的根源在于人类共同利益的存在,随着共同利益的发展变化,公共管理实践的形式内容也发生变化,由此而引起公共管理文化的发展变化人们对于公共权力的反思,是推动公共管理文化发展的一个重要因素公共权力不是由强力创造的,其真正来源是社会契约19世纪末期以来的公共管理理论的研究,导致了公共管理文化的突破性发展和繁荣:公共管理;文化;共同利益;公共权力;社会契约:DO35:A:1001-5981(2003)06-0094-05,;,,,,,,,,,,?,?,19,,:,,,,2080,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,94:20030330:(1962-),,,,,,,,,:,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:;;,;,,,,,,[1](P218),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,:,,,,,[2](P538-539),,,,,,,,95,,,:[3](P22),:,,,,[4](P95),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,[5](P13-14),,,,,,,;[5](P13);,,,,,,?,,,,,,,?,(ThomasHobbes,1588-1679),(JohnLocke,1632-1704),(JeanJacquesRousseau,1712-1778),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,96,:,,,[6](P72),,,,,,,,,,19,1887,,,19,,,,,,,1887,,,(publicadministration),(newpublicadministration),()(newpublicmanagement),,,,,,2020-30,2060,:,,();,;,;,,1971:(H.GeorgeFrederickson),:(1)(),(2)()?,:?,,:,,,,,,,,,;,,,,(),2080,,,,(),:,,,(),,,,,;,,:()();,:,,,97,,:[1](3)[M].:,1972.[2](2)[M].:,1972.[3].[M].:,1982.[4](2)[M].:,1972.[5].[M].:,1980.[6].()[M].:,1982.:TheGenerationandDevelopmentofCultureinPublicManagementWANGHui-yong(CollegeofManagement,XiangtanUniversity,Xiangtan,Hunan411105,China)Abstract:Cultureiscreatedbyhumanbeinginthecourseofsocialpractices,andcultureinpublicmanagementisgeneratedandde-velopedbyhumanbeinginactivitiesofpublicmanagement.Activitiesofpublicmanagementoriginatefromtheexistenceofcommonhumaninterests.Asthecommoninterestsfurtherdevelop,theformsandthecontentsoftheactivitiesarealsochanging,sopublicmanagementculturevariesaccordingly.Humanbeingsreflectionisthemajorfactorthatpromotesthefurtherdevelopmentofpublicmanagementculture.Publicrightsarenothingcreatedbyforce,butrathercomefromsocialcontracts.Studiesonpublicmanage-menteversincethelaterstagesinthenineteenthcenturyhavecontributedtothebreakthroughandprosperityofpublicmanagementculture.Keywords:publicmanagement;culture;commoninterests;publicrights;socialcontracts(67)(),,,,:[1](36)[M].:,1959.[2](3)[M].:,1972.[3].[M].:,1983.:OnSystemIdeaofByxapHsBalanceTheoryZENGTian-xiong(XiangnanUniversity,Chenzhou,Hunan423000,China)Abstract:BalanceTheoryisoneofByxapHsrepresentativetheories,whichincludeslotsofviewpointsaboutsystemidea.ItnotonlyhasthesamefocusconceptasL.V.Bertalanffyssystemtheory,butalsoinsistsontheseideasofwhole,open,developmentandcorrelation,whichisofgreatsignificanceintheaspectofprotectingourenvironmentandimplementingsustainabledevelopmenttactic.Keywords:ByxaH;balancetheory;systemidea;sustainabledevelopment98