鄱阳湖流域综合管理的实践与探索

11,21:,330046;2:,210008.2080..1...5(1).16.22104km297.2%[1]..20805335104t110104hm235%.60%8031.5%12000km5000km.*2003-08-17;2004-09-26.,,1957,.E-mail:[e-mail]38161Fig.1SketchMapofMountain-River-LakeRegionofJiangxiProvince.392.2.119831739600[2]1983-19862540,000km219841839,083km21985-19876411.7104km2..[2].[2].2.219857,20.30[2]..2.3.[2].4016..2.4,.31..1994200023.48%5.86m2.20104hm220.362138.2%5000104t2400104t.2.3.42354267403..2001111500096.16104hm25.76..3.60001700299.2.541[2]92612711210[3]..2.6..12[4]200.33.1.20230330104hm2130104hm231.5%59.7%23.48%.5335104hm22400104hm2195446108m370%.2002824.510819852.331.741.633.1312.1198528720032458450...19926199472119969199746194216[4].200020012002.3.2.3.2.1.4.51.1.3.2.2...3.2.3...3.2.4.43..3.2.5....3.2.6..6..4..,.1.4416.2...3...4...5...6...1..:,..:,1996:10-172..:,19993..:,,..:,2000:1544,..:,,..:,2000:27-31PracticeandProbeonIntegratedManagementofPoyangLake45BasinWANGXiaohong1&YANBangyou1,21:Mountain-River-LakeDevelopmentOfficeofJiangxiProvince,Nanchang330046,P.R.China;2:NanjingInstituteofGeography&Limnology,CAS,Nanjing210008,P.R.ChinaAbstractActivitiessuchastransferringforestrylandtofarmingland,reclaimingthewetlandforpaddylandinthelakeareaandover-fishingtookplacefortheshort-termbenefitsinthehistoryofJiangxiProvincebecauseofthegreatincreaseofpopulationandunreasonabletraditionaldevelopmentapproach.Thoseactivitiesresultedinseriouswaterandsoilerosioninthemountainandhillyareas,frequentfloodingdisasterinthelakearea,environmentaldegradationandthebackwardnessoftheeconomyofJiangxiProvince.TheMount-River-Lake(MRL)ProgramofJiangxiProvince,commencedintheearlyof1980s,developeditsstrategyandmethodologiesabidedbytheevolvementlawofthenaturalresources,thelawofsubstance-recycling,energy-flowing,information-deliveringandvalue-increasingintheriverbasin,andtheinter-relationshipamongthepopulation,resourcesandenvironment.Withtheaimofthebalanceddevelopmentofsociety,economyandenvironmentofPoyangLakebasin,theMRLprogrammadeanoveralldevelopmentplanforthebasin,anddevelopedagriculture,forestry,husbandryandtheby-productsonthebasisofthesustainableuseofnaturalresourcesandenvironmentalprotection.ThispaperattemptstosummarizethesuccessfulexperienceandmethodsofintegratedriverbasinmanagementaccumulatedbytheMRLprograminthepast20yearsforreferenceofthesimilarregions.Keywords:PoyangLake;riverbasinintegratedmanagement;themountain-river-lakeProgram