2021年高考化学真题试题(山东卷)(Word版+答案+解析)

202110201.A.B.C.D.2.A.B.C.D.3.A.B.C.D.4.XYY6[XY4]+[XY6]-A.XYB.XYC.YD.X45.A.NaHSO3HSO3-B.KMnO4Fe3O4Fe3O4Fe()C.HNO3HNO3NO2D.NaClONaClO6.XY0.1molXH2V1L0.1molYH2V2LA.XYH2V1V2B.XY2V1V2C.XYV1V2D.V1V2XY7.1mL20%3510%NaOH1mL52%CuSO4A.1B.2C.3D.48.SO2NaHSO3A.B.NaHCO3C.D.Na2SO3NaHCO39.CH3OHN2H4(CH3)2NNH2A.CH3OHB.N2H4C.N2H4(CH3)2NNH2D.CH3OH(CH3)2NNH2CON10.KOHCH3OH-O2N2H4-O2(CH3)2NNH2-O2A.K+B.KOHC.(CH3)2NNH2O2D.1molO2N2H4O211.2L52011.()A100mLNaCl100mLNaClBFe(OH)3FeCl3CNaOHNaOHDNa2CO3A.AB.BC.CD.D12.M(2--2-)A.NB.L1C.M4D.L113.KMnO4A.GHB.KMnO4C.Mn3D.GH0.25mol14.18ONaOH+OH-??+CH3O-?A.B.18OH-C.CH318OHD.15.[H3N+(CH2)4CH(NH2)COO-HR](H3RCl2)H3R2+?K1H2R+?K2HR?K3R-H3RCl2NaOHH3R2+H2R+HRR-(x)pH(x)=c(x)c(H3R2+)+c(H2R+)+c(HR)+c(R)A.??2??1??3??2B.Mc(Cl-)+c(OH-)+c(R-)=2c(H2R+)+c(Na+)+c(H+)C.OpH=-lgK2-lgK32D.Pc(Na+)c(Cl-)c(OH-)c(H+)56016.1F________2OFCl________OF2________OF2________()Cl2O________3XeFXeF2XeF2________XeF2________()AspBsp2Csp3Dsp3d4XeF290________XeF2A(121212)XeFrpmB________ABd=________pm17.(FeCr2O4AlSi)(Na2Cr2O7?2H2O)1FeCr2O4Na2Cr2O4AlSi________2cpHc1.010-5mol?L-1pH________________Fe________()3________Na2Cr2O7________4()Na2Cr2O4Na2Cr2O74Na2Cr2O4+4H2O???__2Na2Cr2O7+4NaOH+2H2+O2Na2Cr2O7________(________18.(WCl6)283340CS2(WO3)(W)WCl6()1WO3N2________H2BH2A________WO3________2WO3H2EBCl2________________________3WCl6CS2()m1g1m2g1m3g________g()WCl6Na2WO4IO3-WO42-+Ba(IO3)2=BaWO4+2IO3-IO3-KIIO3-+5I-+6H+=3I2+3H2ONa2S2O3I2+2S2O32-=2I-+S4O62-cmol?L-1Na2S2O3VmLWCl6(Mg?mol-1)________1Na2S2O3________(WCl6________(19.F.+.RNH21A________A________2BA________B________3C________E________4________20.2--2-(TAME)+CH3OH?K1H1+CH3OH?K2H2?K3H31KxTAB________()H1H2________()A-1B-10C01D121.0molTAME353KTAMEKx3=9.0B________molKx1=________________(ACH3OHc(A)c(CH3OH)=________3ABCH3OH353KABctB________(XYt=100sv________v(=)1.A20300A.AB.BC.CD.DA2.CA.AB.BC.CD.DCA.B.C.D.3.AA.AB.BC.CD.D4.DXYY6YCl,X[XY4]+[XY6]-XPA.XPYCl,XYAB.XPH3,YHCl,XY,BC.Cl2CD.Na,Mg,Al,SiSP,Cl5DXY5.CA.HSO3-+2H2S+H+=3S+3H2O,+40AB.BC.CD.DCA.B.C.D.6.DXY0.1molXH2V1L0.1molYH2V2L0.1molXm,0.1molYn,X~mHCl~??2H2+~Xm+Y~nH2SO4~nH2~Y2n+,A.XYH2V1V2AB.XY??????2??=??1??2,????=2??1??2,BC.XY??2??,????=2??1??2V1V2CD.+1+2+3V1V2DD7.B1mL20%3510%NaOH1mLBB8.BA.AB.BC.CD.Na2SO3NaHCO3DpH,H2SO3+2Na2CO3=Na2SO3+2NaHCO3,NaHSO3+2Na2CO3=Na2SO3+NaHCO3Na2SO3+SO2+H2O=2NaHSO3,SO2+NaHCO3=CO2+NaHSO39.BA.AB.N2H4sp3BC.N2H4(CH3)2NNH2CD.CH3OH(CH3)2NNH2CONsp3DA.B.C.D.10.CA.CH3OH-O2N2H4-O2(CH3)2NNH2-O2CH3OHN2H4(CH3)2NNH2AB.CH3OH-O2(CH3)2NNH2-O2N2H4-O2BC.CH3OH~6eN2H4~4e,(CH3)2NNH2~16e,mg,CH3OH??32??6molN2H4??32??4mol(CH3)2NNH2??60??16mol(CH3)2NNH2CD.N2H4-O2N2H4+O2=N2+2H2O1molO21mol22.4LDCA.B.C.D.11.A,BA.100ml100mLNaClAB.FeCl3BC.NaOHCD.Na2CO3DABA.B.C.D.12.A,CA.NAB.LL1BC.M13CD.L1DACMNNHClLLML13.B,DA.GAB.BC.3CD.1mol1mol4mol1mol2mol0.1mol0.05mol0.1mol2KMnO45Cl20.25mol0.25mol,DBDG14.BA.IIVIIVAB.?18OH-,BC.CH318OHCD.DA.B.18OH-C.IIID.=-15.C,DA.M,N,P,??2??1=10-9.110-2.2=10-6.9,??2??3=10-10.810-9.1=10-1.7,AB.MBC.O=1c(H+)=pH=pH=CD.NaClHRNaRpH7DA.M,N,PK1,K2,K3B.C.OD.PpH16.192FOCl(V)OF2Cl2OCl2OCl2O35D42(00rc)d=12a2+(c2-r)2pm199992FOClFOClVSEPR42OF2VOF2Cl2OCl2OOF2OF2Cl2OFOClVOF2Cl2OCl2OCl2O3XeF22+=5,2sp5,d4XeFXe,FXe=1+8x18=2,82F2+8x14=4,2XeF2BZXeFrpmB(00rc)ABd=12a2+(c2-r)2pm2(00rc)d=12a2+(c2-r)2pm12OF23417.124.5pH9.32CrO42-+H2O?Cr2O72-+2OH-Na2Cr2O73Na2SO4?10H2OH2SO44CrO42-1FeCr2O4Na2Cr2O4AlSi2pH4.5pH9.3pH4.5pH9.32CrO42-+H2O?Cr2O72-+2OH-Na2Cr2O74.5pH9.32CrO42-+H2O?Cr2O72-+2OH-Na2Cr2O73Na2SO4Na2SO4?10H2ONa2SO4?10H2ONa2SO4?10H2ONa2Cr2O744Na2Cr2O4+4H2O???__2Na2Cr2O7+4NaOH+2H2+O22CrO42-+H2O?Cr2O72-+2OH-Na2Cr2O7CrO42-12pH,2CrO42-+H2O?Cr2O72-+2OH-342CrO42-+H2O?Cr2O72-+2OH-18.12EN2H23(m3+m1-2m2)??????120(??3+??1-2??2)%1AW2EEN2H23m1g1minm2g,(m2-m1)gm3g,x,m2+x-(m1-m2)=m3,x=(m3+m1-2m2)WO42-~2IO3-~6I2~12S2O32-Wn(WCl3)=n(WO42-)=112n(S2O32-)=112xcVx10-3molm(WCl3)=??12xcVx10-3g,????????10-312(??1+??3-2??2)x100%=??????120(??3+??1-2??2)%,1min,m2Na2S2O31AW2W319.182FeCl33+CH3OH?H2SO4+H2O34(1)AA(3)(3)3+3+1+1=88(2)ABFeCl3BAAFeCl3BFeCl3(3)CCH3OH+CH3OH?H2SO4+H2OE3+CH3OH?H2SO4+H2O3(4)AIHBr-801FAA2ABABNaClO23EFE4IAB-8020.12--2-D20.9(1-??)(1+??)0.01??21:103X1KI,II,IIIABBB2--2-?H3=?H1-?H20???1???212--2-D21molTAME353KTAMEn(TAME)=(1-)moln(A)+nB==n(CH3OH),IIIKx3=??(??)??(??)=??(??)??(??)=9,n(A)=0.9,n(B)=0.1,Kx1=??(????????)????(??)??((????3????)??)=1-??1+??0.1??1+????0.1??1+??=(1-??)(1+??)0.01??2,,ACH3OHc(A)c(CH3OH)=1:100.9(1-??)(1+??)0.01??21:103??(??)??(??)=??(??)??(??)=9XYBXt=100s????????=0.1120.011=10.29X1K2IIIK13