复合表面活性剂_SDS_Tw_80_对长链烷烃的增溶和柴油污染土壤的洗脱作用

2010,29(7):1283-1289JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience、、。SDS/Tw-80。SDS/Tw-80。。X53A1672-2043(2010)07-1283-07SDS/Tw－801221．1008752．100012CompoundSurfactantsSDS/Tw-80EffectsontheSolubilizationandWashingofLong-chainAlkylfromtheDieselOilContaminatedSoilCHENGang1,2,JIANGXia21.CollegeofWaterScience,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875,China;2.ChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalScience,Beijing100012,ChinaAbstractOilcontaminatedsoilcanbetreatedbycompositesurfactanteluenteffectively.Differentsurfactants,mixingratio,soiltextureandcontaminantshavedifferentremovalmechanismandefficiency.Inthisresearch,acompositesurfactantSDS/Tw-80wasusedtowashthecontaminatedsoiltoinvestigateitsremovalmechanismfromthesoilandthefactorsinfluencingtheefficiency.Theresultsshowedthatcom－positesurfactantwasbetterthanindividualcomponentsinsoilwashing.AhigherSDS/Tw-80ratiosignificantlyincreasedtheapparentsolu－bilityofcontaminants,loweredthemicelle-formingconcentration,increasedthecapacityofmicelletoholdcontaminants,andincreasedthechanceforthelong-chainalkanestoenterthemicelle.Compositesurfactantcouldimprovemicellescompositionandshowedmarkedlysyn－ergisticeffect.Forthesereasons,itcouldreducesurfactantdosagetoagreatextentwhileremaininghighelutionefficiency.Usingcompositesurfactantisaneffectivesolutiontoovercomeingthesorptionofcontaminantbysoilswhileminimizingtheimpactonsoilquality.Keywordsalkyl;enhancedsolubilization;compoundsurfactants;elution2010－03－052009KYYW152008ZX07101-0101981—。[e-mail][e-mail]、。、[1-2]、。、、[3-4]。。20107。SDSTw-80、、、4SDS/Tw-80CMC。。11.1、SDS1aTw-801b0.6、1、2、4、6、8、10CMCSDS/Tw-80Tw-801、2、4、6、8、10CMCCMCTw-80=15mg·L-1CMCSDS=2100mg·L-1SDS∶Tw-8010∶1、20∶1、30∶1。1、、、150μm100。-20#25g300mL500g25℃120d。。、、、、Tw-80SigmaSDS、H2SO4、Na2SO4。1.21.2.1、50mL、0.5mL-20#150mL、20℃200r·min-112h12h2mL、4mL、0.2mL1∶1V/VH2SO4300r·min-11h15min0.2mL2mL4。1.2.21g、10mL20℃200r·min-148h10~12℃4500r·min-130min2mL、4mL、0.2mL1∶1V/VH2SO4300r·min-11h15min。1.31.3.11.2.11.2.21.2.2。[5][6-7]2。1.3.2AgilentGC6890FIDHP-50.32mm×30m×0.25μm。N232mL·min-1H232mL·min-1、Air320mL·min-1、He1mL·min-199.999%37cm·s-160℃1min1Table1Basiccharacteristicsofclearsoilsample/%pH/%CEC/cmol·kg-1/%/g·cm-3385.751.7619.482.7163.9733.321.072%Table2Extractionsefficiencyoftargetsinwashingsolutionsandsoilexamples%C10C12C14C16C18/95.8693.3195.8494.7292.91/87.9583.9186.3679.3774.67SDS/Tw－80128429715℃·min-1260℃、25℃·min-1280℃5min230℃3μLAgilent7683B300℃。1μg·L-1。1.3.3CMCcomp[8]1CMCcomp=αCMCnonionic+1-αCMCionic1α、1-α、CMCcomp、CMCnonionic、CMCionic、、。MSR[9]MSR＝SW*－SCMC/CS－CMC2MSRSW*、SCMCCMCCMCCS。Kmc/[10]Kmc=55.4×MSR/[SCMC1+MSR]3SCMCCMC。[11]X12ln[α1C12/X1C1]1-X12ln[1-α1]C12/1-X1C2]=14β=ln[α1C12/X1C1]1-X125αC1、C2、C12CMCX1β。22.14[12-13]30.24、24.91、23.95、23.37mg·L-1。CMC2。、。Tw-80SDS41157.47、1104.46、925.47、886.16mg·L-1595.38、496.38、496.33、423.67mg·L-1。10CMCTw-80SDS3718。10CMCTw-80150mg·L-1SDS21000mg·L-1。SDS、[14-15]。SDSTw-80。2.2。[16-17]。1285201074SDS∶Tw-801140.7、1125.3、876.7、851.1mg·L-110∶11938.8、2141.4、1909.4、1674.1mg·L-120∶14025.1、4274.4、3990.0、3994.4mg·L-130∶1。Tw-8010∶110CMC20∶16CMC30∶12CMC3。MicelleMonomer。13245.7410∶1、424.0320∶1、571.05mg·L-130∶1CMCTw-80=15mg·L-1CMCSDS=2100mg·L-1SDSTw-80。。。20∶1SDS/Tw-8010CMC1CMC2、3MSR/lgKmc3。MSR、lgKmc。1。-MSR-lgKmc3。3“”3SDS/Tw-80MSR*lgKmc**Table3MSR*andlgKmc**changesofcompoundsurfactantSDS/Tw-80***。MSRlgKmcMSRlgKmcMSRlgKmcMSRlgKmc10∶13.301.002.730.991.970.931.580.8520∶13.551.782.981.712.061.601.761.5030∶13.601.983.331.812.261.791.901.70SDS/Tw－803SDS/Tw-80Figure3Enhancedsolubilityoftargetlong-chainalkylbySDS∶Tw-80128629730∶1。SDSCMCSDS。SDS[18]。。SDS、Tw-80。4、51X1SDS10∶10.10620∶10.19230∶10.2632、β-0.302×10-3、-0.128×10-3、-0.238×10-4SDSTw-80[11]。SDS/Tw-80。2.34SDS、Tw-8039.11%、38.20%、41.04%、44.41%42.13%、40.92%、41.73%、47.44%49.65%、52.30%、54.91%、53.83%。Tw-80SDS、Tw-8010∶115CMC20∶110CMC30∶14CMC4。。[19]LAS、SDS、SAS[20]、5。Tw-80。4A、BTw-80。SDSTw-80SDS/Tw-80。SDSNa+Ca2+[21]Tw-80Kibbey[22]CMCCMCSDS=2100mg·L-1CMCTw-80=15mg·L-1Tw-80。SDS。4SDS/Tw-80Figure4Long-chainalkylswahing-offfromcontaminatedsoilwithcompoundsurfactantsSDS/Tw-801287201075Tw-80Figure5EffectsofTw-80onthewashing-offofLong-chainalkylsfromsoil6CMCTw-80、SDSFigure6TargetalkylswashingwithTw-80andSDSfromsoilunderCMC41CMC2CMC。5Tw-802CMC1CMCCMC。CMC[23-24]。CMCTw-80SDS。CMCTw-80CMC。CMCTw-80SDS6。CMC5Tw-80SDS[25-26]。SDSCMCTw-80SDS。CMC。3SDS/Tw-80。SDSTw-80Tw-80。[1]ReddyDG.High-energyintenseultravioletlightmaybeanapproachtotreatinggroundwatercontaminatedwithorganics[J].EnvironSciTech－nol,1991,253359.[2]JosephSClifford,MariosAIoannidis,RaymondLLegge.Enhancedaqueoussolubilizationoftetrachloroethylenebyarhamnolipidbiosur－factant[J].JournalofColloidandInterfaceScience,2007,305361-365.[3],,,.SDS/Tw－801288297[J].,2008185-89.LVZhe,ZENGFan-gang,XUENan-dong,etal.Contaminationandverticaldistributioncharacteristicsofpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonsatanoilsludgestoragesite[J].ResearchofEnvironmentalSciences,2008185-89.[4],.[J].,1988,5570-577.ZHANGXiu-juan,HUANGPing-yu.Establishmentofsynchronous-transportconceptinliquidmembraneseparation[J].Journalof