我国政府环境信息公开制度研究

I(popularsovereignty;public'senvironmentrighttoknow;environmentalrightsofpublictrust).Thesecondchapterdescribestheforeigngovernmentenvironmentalinformationdisclosuresystem.Itfindsthatenvironmentalinformationsubject,scope,procedures,remediesandotheraspectsofresearchthroughtheEuropeanUnion,theUnitedStates,Britain,Germanyandothercountries,advancedexperienceofoverseashasanimportantroleinimprovementofenvironmentalinformationdisclosuresysteminourgovernment.Firstly,fromthesubject,generallyspeaking,subjectofrightmakesprovisionforanypersonorpublic.;subjectofobligationsmakesprovisionfornotonlyenvironmentaladministrativedepartments,butalsotheotherdepartments.Secondly,fromIVthescope,thescopeshouldbeopenedandnotbeopened,whichmakedetailedprovision.theopenrangisverywidely,itincludesenvironmentalinformation:environmentalcondition,environmentalmanagement;environmentalactionandsoon.Itmakesprovisionfornotopenrang:statesecrets,tradesecretsandtopersonalprivacy.Thirdly,fromtheprocedures,itincludesactiveopenandpassiveopen;openchannelsincludenoticesnewspapersandtheInternetandsoon;theprincipleofcostofpublicislesschargesandonlychargethecostoffees.Lastly,fromtheremedies,itincludesadministrativereliefandjudicialrelief.Also,manycountrieshavedifferentremedies,whichisbasedonnationalconditions.ThethirdchapterdescribesgovernmentenvironmentalinformationdisclosuresysteminChina.Fromtheourlegislationandpractice,itfurtherpointsoutttheexistingdefects.Fromthelegislativestatus,notonlytheConstitution,EnvironmentalBasicLawandsomeofitsenvironmentalprotectionlawsandregulations,whichgenerallyregulate,Publicapproachtoenvironmentinformationspeciallymakesprovisionsforit,ingeneral,provisionscanbeperfect.Fromthepractice,therearesomedefects,itincludes:therighttoknowtheenvironmenthasnolegalposition;subjectisnarrow;rangeisnotstandardized;programisunreasonable;reliefmeasuresisinadequateandsoon.Chapterfourpresentsthatgovernmentenvironmentalinformationdisclosuresystemshouldbesuggested.Mainlyfromthethreelevels:Thefirstlevel,itstrengthenthatgovernmentenvironmentalinformationdisclosuresystemthelegislativebuilding.Thesecondlevel,thepurposeofgovernmentenvironmentalinformationdisclosuresystemshouldbeunderline:Theaccuracyofgovernmentdecision-makingcanbeimproved;thepublicrighttoknowtheenvironmentisprotectedbylaw.Thethirdlevel,constructionofgovernmentenvironmentalinformationdisclosuresystemhasspecificideas,itcandiscussfromfourperspectives:firstly,itcanbroadensubjectofthegovernmentenvironmentalinformationdisclosuresystem.itcontainstwocategories:oneisthatChinesecitizens,legalpersonsandotherorganizations;theotheroneisthatforeignersinChina,legalpersonsandotherorganizations.Theobligationsincludetwopoints:oneisrichinthetypeofobligation(Environmentalprotectiondepartmentandotherdepartments);theotheroneistoVstrengthenthegrass-rootsconcerns,thetownshipgovernmentshouldassumethetaskofenvironmentalinformationdisclosure.Secondly,therangofgovernmentenvironmentalinformationdisclosureshouldbespecified.Ontheonehand,thescopeofdisclosureshouldbeclarified,itincludesresidentsofthesurroundingbusinessenvironment,thesurvivaloftheruralenvironment,constructionprojectenvironmentalinformation;Ontheotherhand,itdefinesthescopeofexemptionfromdisclosure,itinvolvesstatesecrets,commercialsecrets,individualprivacytoneeddetailedthecontents.Thirdly,theprogramofgovernmentenvironmentalinformationdisclosuresystemshouldbeimproved.Ontheonehand,fromthechannels,itisbasedonconvenience,Sothatthepublictimelyaccesstoenvironmentalinformation.Ontheotherhand,fromthecostofenvironmentalinformation,itshouldconsiderthepublicitsowneconomicstrength,itshouldmakeareasonablefeeatthesametime,itshouldmaketheprovisionsfordetailedreduction,freeuse.Lastly,itshouldimprovereliefmeasuresofgovernmentenvironmentalinformationdisclosuresyst