栅格环境下基站覆盖范围的计算与仿真

分类号密级UDC编号10486武汉大学硕士学位论文栅格环境下基站覆盖范围的计算与仿真ThesisforMasterDegreeCaculationandsimulationofbasestationcoverageareabasedonGrid-DataApril，2008郑重声明本人的学位论文是在导师指导下独立撰写并完成的，学位论文没有剽窃、抄袭、造假等违反学术道德、学术规范和侵权行为，本人愿意承担由此而产生的法律后果和法律责任，特此郑重声明。学位论文作者（签名）：I摘要传统的基站选址方法主要依靠建设人员的实地勘察。这样做不仅费时费力，也难以充分考虑当地复杂的地理状况，只能凭借经验和有限的实地勘察试验来确定站址的选择，通常把站点选在高山或高层建筑上，以期获得较大的覆盖范围。但实际上，这种选址方式有很大的主观性，容易造成覆盖范围不足或重复覆盖形成信号之间的相互干扰等情况。本论文结合栅格数据的特点，研究了如何有效地读取与处理数据的算法，着重研究以下几个方面的内容：1)由于栅格数据量较大，所以要提出算法来对它的显示和处理进行优化，通过自己管理Frustum解决了栅格数据的高效显示，为场景中的每个对象定义一个包围盒和一个包围球并为视场Frustum建立一个包围盒一个包围球一个包围锥的办法，可以非常高效地剔除与加载对象，另外由于采用了四叉树化分场景的，更进一步提高了效率。2)GPU编程对栅格数据的计算与显示。GPU编程把对数据的预处理与显示结合起来，以加快数据的处理时间。3)基站覆盖范围的计算与仿真。通过分析栅格数据对信号的传播进行计算。利用三维模型计算仿真基站覆盖范围，可以形象直观的辅助我们为基站选址科学地做出决策。科学的基站选址能够有效的扩大基站无线覆盖范围，更好地做到无缝连接，吸收更多的用户和话务量，同时能降低建设成本，提高收益，无论在技术实现上还是在市场运作上都有很大的意义。关键词：基站覆盖范围Frustum优化GPU三维模型IIABSTRACTThetraditionalwaytoBasestationlocationdependsonthefieldworkoftheconstructors,whichisnotonlytotaketimeandalotoftrouble,butalsodifficulttoconsiderthecomplicatedlocalgeographicalconditionsadequately.Inthisway,peopleonlyresorttheexperienceandlimitedfieldworkexperimentstodecidethepositionsofthestationsandusuallychoosethehighmountainsorbuildingsasthestationspotsinordertoprovidelargercoveragearea.Infact,peoplehavegreatsubjectivityinsuchaway.Finally,itmakesthecoveragearealessenoughorintersectionaleasily,causingthejamamongthesignalsandsoon.Incombinewiththecharacteristicsofrasterdatathispaperstudiedthealgorithmsonhowtoreadandprocessthedataeffectively.Whichfocusonthefollowingaspects:1)Becausewehavetodealwithaabundantofrasterdatainthenormalusage,wemustmakeouralgorithmtooptimizethedisplayandprocessing.Todefineaboundingboxaboundingsphereforeachobjectanddefineaboundingboxaboundingsphereandaboundingconeforthefrustum,wecansolvethedisplayingoftherasterdataefficiently.Andtheusingofquad-treeofthesceneapproachcanfurtherenhanceefficiency.2)ThecalculationanddisplayofrasterwithGPU.GPUcandopreprocessinganddisplayofdatatogether.3)Basestationcoveragecalculationandsimulation.Byanalyzingtherasterdatatodothecalculationofthespreadofthesignal.Use3DModelcombiningwiththeHertzianWavesTransmitWastageForecastModeltoemulatethecoverageareasofthebasestationstochoosethepositions,whichcanhelpustochoosethepositionsvisuallyandmakedecisionsscientifically.Choosingthepositionsscientificallycanenlargethecoveragearea,linkseamlesslyandattractmorecustomerstoimprovetheamountofthephonecallaswellasreducethecostandimprovethebenefit,whichhasgreatmeaningsbothintechniquerealityandmarketoperation.Keywords:Basestation,CoverageArea,FrustumOptimize,GPU,3DModelIII目录摘要........................................................................IABSTRACT....................................................................II目录......................................................................III第1章绪论.................................................................11.1选题意义............................................................11.2国内外研究现状......................................................21.3研究目标与章节安排..................................................31.3.1研究目标.......................................................31.3.2技术路线.......................................................31.3.3章节安排.......................................................4第2章栅格数据与GPU编程简介................................................52.1栅格数据的特点.......................................................52.1.1栅格数据结构...................................................52.1.2矢量与栅格数据的比较...........................................62.1.3空间栅格数据的分层存储.........................................72.2栅格数据的处理.......................................................72.2.1点云数据的分层处理算法.........................................72.2.2点云数据的构网.................................................82.2.3栅格数据的优化处理.............................................82.3GPU编程.............................................................82.3.1GPU的概念.....................................................82.3.2可编程管线.....................................................92.3.3HLSL与GLSL....................................................92.3.4Cg编程语言...................................................102.6小结................................................................11第3章栅格数据的处理的算法优化.............................................133.1平截头体优化处理....................................................133.1.1Frusum定义...................................................133.1.2基本算法1....................................................153.1.3优化1........................................................183.1.4基本算法2....................................................193.1.5优化2........................................................223.1.6反求Frustum的6个平面........................................253.2LOD优化处理........................................................283.2.1Lod的概念....................................................283.2.2求塌陷边......................................................293.2GPU编程优化........................................................303.2