原油储罐的腐蚀机理研究及防护技术现状

():620.5030:(29936110),,,;,,,;;CorrosionMechanismandAnti2corrosionTechnologyofOilTanksZHAOXue2eJIANGJun2cheng,Prof.(CollegeofUrbanConstruction&Safety&EnvironmentalEngineering,NanjingUniversityofTechnology)Classificationandcodeofdisciplines:620.5030Abstract:Oiltanksareoftenexposedtocorrosivemediumwhileoperating.Interiorcorrosionismainlycausedfromharmfulmediumandwaterinthetankstogetherwithgasintheuppertank.Itisknownthatwateratthebottomistheprimarycorrosivefactorforinteriorcorrosion.Exteriorcorrosionincludesatmosphericcorrosion,soilcorrosionandstray2currentcorrosionaswell.Thecorrosionstatusofcrudeoiltanksisintroducedwiththeemphasisonthecorrosionmechanismatdifferentpartsofthetank.Itisonthisbasisthatsomeeffectiveanti2corrosionmethodsareconcluded,i.e.useofantistaticcoating,anodicprotectioncombinedwithcoating,aluminumthermalspraying,additionofcorrosioninhibitorandsoon.Keywords:OiltanksCorrosionmechanismCorrosionprotection1,,1969Hoar,13.65[1]1992ASMB,1700[2],3%,,6%,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,30000m3,1996,Q235A,24mm,19987,,15m,,,20002001,,,,,,,15320053ChinaSafetyScienceJournalVol.15No.3Mar.2005,23,,38%,60%1,0.15mm/,,13mm,,510mm,20100mm[3]a;b;c;d1,,,,,22.121111,:CO2+H2OH2CO3H2CO3+FeFeCO3+H2:FeFe2++2e-:H2CO3H++HCO3-2H++2e-H221112[4],,,[5]:H2SH++HS-HS-H++S2-,,,::FeFe2++2e-Fe2++S2-FeSFe2++HS-FeS+H++e-:2H++2e-H2,pH,,,[6,7]2.2,,,,,0.02mg/l0.065mg/l,5,1mg/l,20,2.3,,,,300mm,200300mm;,;,,,:(1),(SRB),[8],[9,10],:,,:SO42-+8HS2-+4H2O,,:Fe2++S2-FeS()FeFe2++2e-,,,0.51.5mm/,35[11](2):Fe2++S2-FeSFe2++2Cl-FeCl2Fe2++SO42-FeSO4(3):Fe2++Fe3++O2FeO,Fe3O4nH2O,Fe2O3(4),,501:,,,,,2.4,,,,,,::FeFe2++2e-:O2+2H2O+4e-4OH-:2Fe+2H2O+O22Fe(OH)2,,,,,,,,,,[12,13]2.521511,::O2+2H2O+4e-OH-:SO42-+4H2OS2-+8OH-:FeFe2++2e-Fe2++2OH-Fe(OH)2()2Fe(OH)2+H2O+1/2O2Fe(OH)3Fe(OH)3FeOOH+H2O()Fe(OH)3Fe2O33H2O()Fe2++CO32-FeCO3Fe2++S2-FeS21512,,21513,,,;,,,,,,,,373.10.2%0.5%,,20%3.2,,,,,,,,,,108[14]3.3,,;,,,[15,16]3.4,,H2S,3.5[17],3;;3.6,601ChinaSafetyScienceJournal152005,,,,,3.7,,,,[18],,,[19],21,214(1),,,,,,,(2),(3),,,,(:20049;:200;;:210009)1.[M].:,19842ASMHandbook[M],Vol.13:Corrosion.USA:ASMInternational,19923.[A].[M].:.1999:5325334.[J].,2003,13(1):23255.[J].,1998,28(4):40426,.[J].,2001,1(2):7107,.[J].,2002,15(4):65698G.H.Booth,A.K.Tiller.CathodicCharacteristicofMildSteelinSuspensionsofSulfateReducingBacteria[J].CorrosionScience.1993,8:5836009V.L.Rainha,I.T.E.Fonseca.KineticStudiesontheSRBInfluencedCorrosionofSteel:AFirstApproach[J].CorrosionScience,1997,39(4):80781310.[J].,2000.3(4):131611,,.[J].,2002,23(5):11920112,.[J].,2001,22(7):30730813.[J].,1998,15(2):171814.[J].,2001,22(2):727715,.[J].,2003,32(1):525316.[J].,1994,4:293317M.A.Khalifa,M.El2batoui,F.Mahgoub,A.BakrAknish.CorrosionInhibitionofSteelinCrudeOilStorageTanks[J].MaterialandCorrosion,2003,54:25125818,.[J].,2002,28(5):252819,.[J].,2002,21(8):569571,528701:,19712,1997,1999(ITS)2040,,,19742199571995720017()(),2001,2003,ALIHessami,,,(Railtrackplc),IEEE,,,CEng,FEANI2(),CENELEC()TC9X,CENELEC2EN50126,,,,,,,,,19772000,200397310,EI