氧化反应器说明书

I摘要化学反应器是化工生产过程中一系列设备中的核心设备。化工技术过程开发的成功与否很大程度上取决于反应器内流体的温度、浓度、停留时间及温度分布、停留时间分布的控制水平和控制能力。化工生产的工艺过程决定了反应器的结构型式，反应器的结构型式对工艺过程又有一个促进和完善的作用，同时反应器的结构型式在某种程度上也决定着产品的质量和性能。因此，化学反应器的选型、设计计算和选择最优化的操作条件是化工生产中极为重要的课题。本课题根据已知的均四甲苯催化氧化法制取均酐的最佳工艺参数，对其核心设备氧化反应器进行了结构选型和较为详细的结构设计计算，并对反应器的制造工艺进行了详细的说明，对反应器的制造、组装、检验及使用进行了说明。最终确定的反应器设备在满足结构合理性的基础上，实现了温度分布、浓度分布及反应时间等化工工艺参数的控制要求，使得产品质量和性能得以保证。关键词：反应器；结构设计；列管式固定床反应器；均酐装置IIAbstractChemicalReactorsisthecoreequipmentofaseriesofequipmentinthecourseofchemicalproduction.Chemicaltechnologyprocessdevelopmentdependslargelyonthesuccessofthefluidreactortemperature,concentration,residencetimeandtemperaturedistribution,residencetimedistributionofthecontrollevelandcontrolThechemicalproductionprocessdeterminesthestructureofthereactor,thestructureofthereactoralsohavearoleofpromotingandimprovingtheprocess,atthesametimethestructureofthereactortosomeextentalsodeterminesthequalityandperformanceofproducts.Therefore,theselectionofchemicalreactors,designcalculationsandchoosingthemostoptimaloperatingconditionsareextremelyimportantsubjectinchemicalproduction.ThistopicmadeaselectionandamoredetaileddesigncalculationfortheOxidereactoraccordingtotheknowntechnicalparameters,whichisthecoreequipmentforsym-TetramethylbenzenecatalyzedoxidatedtoPyromelliticDianhydride,andmadeadetaileddescriptionaboutthemanufacturingprocessofthereactor，Ofthereactorforthemanufacture,assembly,testingandusearedescribed。Onthebasisoftherationalstructure,thereactormeetsthecontrolrequirementsofchemicalprocessingparametersincludingthedistributionoftemperature,thedistributionofconcentrationandthereactiontime,thatmakesthequalityandperformanceofproductsbeensured.Keywords:Reactor;Structuraldesign;Tubefixed-bedreactor;EquipmentsforPyromelliticDianhy1目录摘要.......................................................................................................................................IAbstract.......................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。第一章绪论………………………………..……………………..……………………….错误!未定义书签。1.1前言.............................................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.2反应器简介..................................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.3反应器的分类..............................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.4设计定义..............................................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.5相关工艺参数……………………………...………………………………….…...错误!未定义书签。1.6反应器型式的选择………………………………………...……………………........51.7列管式反应器的概述……………………………………...………………………....51.8操作考虑…………………………………………………….………………………..7第二章反应器的工艺计算………………………………………………..…………………...82.1工艺流程概述..............................................................................................................82.2反应器的物料衡算及反应管的选择..........................................................................92.2.1物料衡算...........................................................................................................92.2.2床层体积的确定............................................................................................102.2.3反应列管管长、管径、管数的确定............................................................102.4.4反应管排列方式及管间距的确定................................................................112.4床层压降的计算.......................................................................................................122.5反应器的热量衡算....................................................................................................122.6反应器壳层流体对壁给热系数的计算....................................................................1322.7壳程压降的计算........................................................................................................142.8反应器管程进出口接管公称直径的确定................................................................15第三章反应器的结构设计及强度计算................................................................................163.1概述...........................................................................................................................173.2壳体、管箱、封头厚度的确定及强度校核...........................................................173.2.1壳体壁厚计算及强度校核.............................................................................173.2.2管箱壁厚的计算.............................................................................................183.2.3管箱封头的厚度计算.....................................................................................193.3管程水压试验强度校核............................................................................................203.4壳程水压试验强度校核............................................................................................203.5管箱法兰设计............................................................................................................213.6管板与壳体、管箱、反应管的连接结构设计.......................................................222.6.1壳体与管板的连接结构................................................................................222.6.2管箱与管板的连接结构.........................................................